DOANE CHRISTIAN INTERNATIONAL

SCHOOL FOUNDATION, INC.

5th Avenue Ledesco Village La Paz, Iloilo City

Tel no.320-4854 Email add: [email protected]

Name of Grade 11
Student level
Teacher MISS RODA M. Learning ORAL COM
ORO Area
Teaching MID-TERM Module 4
Dates and
Time:
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Principles of
Speech Writings
By the end of the lessons, you will have been able to

 Identify the principles of speech writing;

 Differentiate the stages and process of speech writing;
 Use principles of effective speech writing focusing on audience profile, logical organization,
duration, word choice, and grammatical correctness;
 Plan a speech;
 Evaluate a written speech;
 Apply principles of editing to a given speech;
 Apply learning and thinking skills, and ICT literacy in understanding the principles of speech
writing; and
 Reflect on your learning on the principles of speech writing.

Let’s Warm Up

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Let’s Work and Learn

Exercise 1 (Individual)
Write T if the statement is true; write F it is false.
____ 1. An outline determines whether your supporting ideas match your main idea or not.
____ 2. Any speech should include an introduction, body, and conclusion.
____ 3. In the introduction, you explain the importance of your topic by giving examples.
____ 4. Knowing the audience and the occasion is crucial in writing a speech.
____ 5. Rehearsing is a major requirement.
____ 6. Speech writing is a recursive process.
____ 7. The approach that you will use in your introduction can determine the success of your
speech.
____ 8. The primary objective of speech writing is getting the right or appropriate topic.
____ 9. The purpose of the speech will help you identify ideas that will support your main idea
or message.
____ 10. Word choice is one consideration in writing a speech.
KEY TAKE A WAYS

Speech Writing Process

Just like events planning, or any other activities, writing an effective speech follows certain steps or
processes. The process for writing is not chronological or linear; rather, it is recursive. That means, you,
have the opportunity to repeat a writing procedure indefinitely, or produce multiple drafts first before you
can settle on the right one . Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram.
 Conducting an audience analysis
 Determining the purpose of the speech
 Selecting a topic
 Narrowing down a topic
 Gathering Data

 Editing and/or Revising

 Rehearsing

 Selecting a speech pattern

 Preparing an outline
 Creating the body of the speech
 Preparing the introduction
 Preparing the conclusion

Fig.1.Speech Writing Process

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The following are the components of speech writing process.

 Audience analysis - entails looking at the profile of your target audience. This is done so you can
tailor-fit your speech content and delivery to your audience. The profile includes the following
information.
 demography (age range, male-female ratio, educational background, and affiliation or
degree program taken, nationality, economic status, academic or corporate designations)
 situation (time, venue, occasion, and size)
 psychology (values, beliefs, attitudes, preferences, cultural and racial ideologies and
needs)
A sample checklist is presented below.

Audience Analysis
Age Range
Male-Female Ratio
EducationalBackground
Educational Institution
Place of Residence (city,province,town)
Marital Status
Economic Status (Household income above
30,000 or below 30,000
Language spoken
Religious Affiliations/beliefs

 The purpose for writing and delivering a speech can be classified into three ---- to inform, to
entertain, or to persuade.
 An informative speech provides the audience with a clear understanding of the concept or
idea presented by the speaker.
 An entertainment speech provides the audience with amusement.
 A persuasive speech provides the audience with well-argued ideas that can influence their
own beliefs and decisions.

The purpose can be general and specific. Study the examples below to see the differences.

General Specific Purpose

Purpose
 To inform Grade 11 students about the process of conducting an automated
student government election
 To inform Grade 11 students about the definition and relevance of information
To inform literacy today.
 To inform Grade 11 students about the importance of effective money
management
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General Specific Purpose

Purpose
 To entertain Grade 11 students with his/her funny experiences in automated
election
 To entertain Grade11 students with interesting observations of people who lack
To entertain information literacy
 To entertain Grade 11 with the success stories of the people in the community

 To persuade the school administrators to switch from manual to automated

student government election
 To persuade Grade 11 students to develop information literacy skills
To persuade  To persuade the school administrators to promote financial literacy among
students

 The Topic is your main point, which can be determined once you have decided on your purpose.
If you are free to decide on your topic, choose one that really interests you. There are a variety of
strategies used in selecting a topic, such as using your personal experiences, discussing with your
family members or friends, free writing, listing, asking questions or semantic webbing.
 Narrowing down a topic means making your main idea more specific and focused. The strategy
in selecting topic can also be used when you narrow down a topic.
Example: “ Defining and developing effective money management skills of Grade 11 students”
is the specific topic out of a general one, which is “ Effective money management.”

Purpose To inform
General purpose To inform Grade 11 students on the importance of effective money management
Topic Financial literacy or effective money management
 Effective money management
 Effective money management of Grade 11 students
Narrowing down  Developing an effective money management of Grade11 students
a topic  Defining and developing effective money management skills of Grade 11
students

 Data Gathering is the stage where you collect ideas, information, sources, and references
relevant or related to your specific topic. This can be done by visiting the library, browsing the
web, observing a certain phenomenon or even related to your topic, or conducting an interview or
survey. The data that you will gather will be very useful in making your speech informative,
entertaining, or persuasive.
 Writing Patterns,in general, structures that will help organize ideas related to your topic.
Examples are biographical,
categorical,/topical,causal,chronological,comparison/contrast,problem-solution, and spatial.
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Below are different writing patterns from which you can select the one that best suits your topic
and/or purpose.

Pattern Descriptions Type of Speech Examples

Appropriate to
Specific purpose To inform my
audience about
my grandfather,
the late former
President
Presents descriptions Ramon
to your life or of a Magsaysay
To inform
Biographical person, famous or Specific Topic Describing the
To entertain
not life and works
of my
grandfather, the
late former
President
Ramon
Magsaysay
To persuade the
community
members to
reduce, reuse,
and recycle as
Specific purpose
means of
eliminating
Present related To inform garbage and
Categorical/ Topic categories supporting To entertain protecting the
the topic To persuade environment
Why the
community
members should
Specific topic promote
reducing,
reusing, and
recycling
To inform my
audience in the
Specific purpose
Presents effects of
cause-effect overeating
Causal To inform
relationship Explaining the
possible effects
Specific topic
of overeating to
one’s self
Specific purpose To inform my
audience about the
Present the idea in significant events in
To inform the1986 EDSA
Chronological time order
Specific topic Revolution or
Peoples Power
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To persuade the
audience that
Presents living in the
To inform Specific purpose
Comparison/contrast comparison/contrast Philippines is
To persuade
of two or three points better than
living in
Australia
Explaining why
the Philippines
Specific topic is more
habitable than
Australia
To persuade the
audience to
support the
Specific purpose educational
programs of the
national
government
Presents an identified Explaining the
problem, it’s causes To inform reasons for
Problem-solution
and recommended To persuade supporting the
solution government’s
educational
Specific topic programs seen
as the primary
means of
increasing the
literacy rate in
the Philippines
 An outline –is a hierarchical list that shows the relationship of your ideas. Expert in public
speaking state that once your outline is ready, two thirds of your speech writing is finished. A
good outline helps you see that all the ideas are in line with your main idea or message. The
elements of an outline include introduction, body and conclusion. Write your outline based on
how you want your ideas to develop. Below are some suggested formats.
1. Table format

Purpose To inform
Specific To persuade the community members to reduce, reuse, and recycle as means of
purpose eliminating garbage and protecting environment
Promoting the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling in eliminating wastes and
Topic
protecting environment
Pattern Problem- solution
Share facts on the current situation of the environment.
Introduction
State the message of the speech (specific topic)
State the specific purpose of your speech again
Body
Call for action
Conclusion State the specific purpose of your speech again
2. List format

1.0 As of today, there is an alarming increase of wastes in our community.

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1.1 According to the solid waste Management Office, if we do not take immediate
action, we might face more perils caused by natural calamities
1.2 Now, I am going to talk about how to eliminate waste and protect the
environment.\
2.0 Improper waste disposal causes environmental problems.
2.1 Wastes contaminate the soil.
2.2 Wastes contaminate the water.
2.3 Wastes can cause floods.
3.0 There are ways to eliminate wastes and protect the environment.
3.1 Reducing, reusing, and recycling can help eliminate wastes.
3.2 People should start doing these at home.
3.3 This solution should be supported by the local government.
4.0 We must act now.
4.1 This solution should be supported by the local government
4.2 Let us learn from the lessons in natural calamities we have experienced.
 The body of the speech provides an explanation, examples or any details that can help you
deliver your purpose and explain the main idea of your speech. One major consideration in
developing the body of your speech is the focus or central idea. The body of your speech should
only have one central idea.

The Strategies to high light Main Idea

 Present real-life or practical examples
 Show statistics
 Present comparison
 Share ideas from the experts or practitioners

 The introduction is the foundation of your speech.

GOALS
 Get the attention of your audience, and
 Present the subject or main idea of your speech

STRATEGIES IN MAKING AN INTRODUCTION

 Use a real- life experience and connect that experience to your subject.
 Use practical examples and explain their connection to your subject.
 Start with a familiar or strong quote and then explain what it means.
 Use facts or statistics and highlight their importance to your subject
 Tell a personal story to illustrate your point.

 The conclusion restates the main idea of your speech. Furthermore, it provides a summary,
emphasizes the message, and calls for action. It aims to leave the audience with a memorable
statement.

STRATEGIES IN MAKING A CONCLUSION

 Begin your conclusion with a restatement of your message
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 Use positive examples, encouraging words, or memorable lines from songs or stories
familiar to your audience.
 Ask a question or series of questions that can make your audience reflect or ponder.
 Editing/Revising your written speech involves in correcting errors in mechanics, such as,
grammar, punctuation, capitalization, unity, coherence, and others.

 Edit for focus.

“ So, what’s the point? What’s the message of the speech?”

Ensure that everything you have written, from introduction to conclusion, is related to
your central message.

 Edit of clarity .
“I don’t understand the message because the examples or the supporting
details were confusing.”
Make all ideas in your speech clear by arranging them in logical order (e.g., main idea
first then support/ examples, or support/examples first then main idea.)
 Edit for concision.
“The speech was all over the place; the speaker kept on talking endlessly as if
no one is listening to him/her.”

Keep your speech short, simple, and clear by eliminating unrelated stories and
sentences and by using simple words.

 Edit for continuity.

“The speech was too difficult to follow; I was lost in the middle.”
Keep the flow of your presentation smooth by adding transition words and phrases.

 Edit for variety.

“I didn’t enjoy the speech because it was boring.”
Add spice to your speech by shifting tone and style from formal to conversational and
vice versa, moving around the stage, or adding humor.

 Edit for impact and beauty.

“There’s nothing really special about the speech.”
Make your speech memorable by using these strategies: surprise the audience, make
vivid descriptive images, write well-crafted memorable lines, and use figure of speech.
 Rehearsing - gives you opportunity to identify what works and what does not work for you and
for your target audience. Strategies are: reading your speech aloud, recording for your own
analysis or for peers or coaches to feedback on your delivery, “ constant practice makes
perfect”

Some guidelines in Speech Writing

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1. Keep your words short and simple. Your speech are meant to be heard by audience not read.
2. Avoid jargon, acronyms, or technical words because they can confuse your audience.
3. Make your speech more personal. Use the personal pronoun “I,” but take care not to overuse
it. When you need to emphasize collectiveness with your audience, use the personal pronoun
“we.”
4. Use active verbs and contractions because they add to the personal and conversational tone of
your speech.
5. Be sensitive to your audience. Be very careful with your language, jokes and non-verbal cues.
6. Use metaphors and other figure of speech to effectively convey your point.
7. Manage your time well; make sure that the speech, falls under the time limit.

Exercise 2 (Individual)
Based on what you have learned in this lesson, list at least ten principles or characteristics
of speech writing.

Example:
Audience analysis should be conducted to determine the characteristics of the audience, nature of
event, time of day.

1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________
6. _____________________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3 (Individual)
Identify and differentiate the processes in speech writing in terms of description and application.

Speech writing process Description Application

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