CLARET COLLEGE OF ISABELA
P.O. Box 8692 Roxas Avenue, Isabela City, Basilan Province, 7300 Philippines
Grade 12- Islamic Religion
Name :_____________________________ Date: ________________
Strand/Section:_____________________________ Output No.: (7)
I- Objectives:
a. Know and understand the role of the Prophet Muhammad in the establishment of the
shari'ah.
b. Assess and analyze the importance of expansion of Islam after Hijrah.
c. Write as many qualities as they can find from the leadership of the Prophet.
Values Integration:
Truth and Unity
II- Preliminary Activities
A.Prayer
Write your own prayer on the space provided below.
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B. Review
What have you understand about the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad?
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III- Exposition of the subject matter
The Prophet as a Leader
Title
"My choice of MUHAMMAD (PBUH)
To lead the list of world's most influential
persons may surprise some readers
and maybe questioned by others, but
He was the only man, in the history
Who was supremely successful on
both the secular and the religious level"
-Michael Hart-
Shariah
Shariah law is Islam's legal system. It is derived from both the Koran, Islam's central
text, and fatwas - the rulings of Islamic scholars.
Shariah literally means "the clear, well-trodden path to water".
Shariah law acts as a code for living that all Muslims should adhere to, including prayers,
fasting and donations to the poor.It aims to help Muslims understand how they should
lead every aspect of their lives according to God's wishes. For more information about
the shariah click on the link https://www.bbc.com/news/world-27307249
Role of the Prophet in the establishment of the Shariah
During his lifetime, Muhammad, as the supreme judge of the community, resolved legal
problems as they arose by interpreting and expanding the general provisions of the
Qurʾān, thereby establishing a legal tradition that was to continue after his death.
For the first Muslim community, established under the leadership of the Prophet
Muhammad at Medina in 622, the Qurʾānic revelations laid down basic standards of
conduct. But the Qurʾān is in no sense a comprehensive legal code: only about 10 percent
of its verses deal with legal issues.
During his lifetime, Muhammad, as the supreme judge of the community, resolved legal
problems as they arose by interpreting and expanding the general provisions of the
Qurʾān, thereby establishing a legal tradition that was to continue after his death. With
the rapid expansion of the Islamic realm under Muhammad’s political successors, the
Muslim polity became administratively more complex and came into contact with the
laws and institutions of the lands that the Muslims conquered. With the appointment of
judges, or qadis, to the various provinces and districts, an organized judiciary came into
being.
Since the Sharia originated with Allah, Muslims consider it sacred. Between the seventh
century when Muhammad died and the 10th century, many Islamic legal scholars
attempted to interpret the Sharia and to adapt it to the expanding Muslim Empire. The
classic Sharia of the 10th century represented an important part of Islam’s golden age.
From that time, the Sharia has continued to be reinterpreted and adapted to changing
circumstances and new issues. In the modern era, the influences of Western colonialism
generated efforts to codify it. For more information go to the link and click.
https://www.crf-usa.org/bill-of-rights-in-action/bria-15-1-a-the-origins-of-islamic-law
The classic Sharia was not a code of laws, but a body of religious and legal scholarship
that continued to develop for the next 1,000 years. The following sections illustrate
some basic features of Islamic law as it was traditionally applied.
The Prophet Muhammad as a Leader
Key Attributes of Effective Leaders derived as per Islamic Perspective:
Character as a Role Model
The Prophet said, “Mark your personality decent for the individuals.”
A good leader has and model personality. A leader should be renowned to be upright and honest
in all his matters. A great leader should have the aptitude to be a leader; he should have undying
commitment to his vision and a good personality and be able to deal with personnel, clients,
suppliers, regulators and the wide-ranging people within which they function.The character
attributes of respectfulness,fairness,cooperativeness,benevolence, Self-sacrifice, truthfulness,
reliability, strategic thinking best signify the features of a great Leader.
Sincerity / Positive Attitude:
Sincerity is the production of the product of iman; a sincere individual will have
true belief in Allah and his Messenger and all of his actions / deeds will be for
the sake of delightedness of Allah and his Rasool (SAW). A sincere leader will
never care for his own particular needs but his concentration will be centered
towards achieving the common goals of the public, society and the organization
itself. Lack of iman in a person leads to bad leadership which may be recognized
by, half-heartedness, selfishness, greediness, ineffective communication and an
authoritarian approach.
6 Leadership lessons from Prophet (PBUH) Knowledge
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was “the only man [we can say leader] in history who was
supremely successful on both the secular and religious level”, says Michael Hart in his book The
100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History. It was Allah Almighty who appointed
Prophet (PBUH) as the leader of the Muslims of Madina and also for the rest of the Muslim
Ummah:
“And We made them into leaders to guide people in accordance with Our command, and We
inspired them to good works, and to establish Prayers and to give Zakah. They worshipped Us
alone” (Quran 21:73).
1. Be Merciful
"And We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a mercy to the worlds”(21:107)
2. Care for the Poor
" Not even a single Dinar of my property should be distributed (after my death to my
inheritors, but whatever I leave excluding the provision for my wives and my servants, should be
spent in charity." [Bukhari, “Laws of Inheritance” 33].
3.Be Just
"Have you seen the one who denies the Recompense? For that is the one who drives away the
orphan. And does not encourage the feeding of the poor. So woe to those who pray. [But] who
are heedless of their prayer - Those who make show [of their deeds]. And withhold [simple]
assistance (Quran 107:1-7).
4.Be Trustworthy
The Holy Prophet was known as Sadiq and Ameen and everyone knew that he could be trusted
fully. Even those who did not believe in the message of Islam sometimes gave him their assets
for safekeeping. For someone, who had so many enemies (based on the opposition of Islam), to
be trusted in such a manner is a testament to the kind of person and leader he was.
5. Understands the need of time
A good leader is also one who acts according to the situation and circumstances of those he
rules over. The Prophet (PBUH) made sure that he did not burden his companions more than
was necessary. The Muslims were weak in Makkah and so neither Allah nor the Prophet asked
them for Jihad. But once the Muslims had migrated to Madina, the Prophet (PBUH) knew that
their hold had become stronger which is why the Prophet (PBUH), by the permission of Allah
guided them towards Jihad for the one true religion.
6. Involve the people in decision-making process
"So by mercy from Allah, [O Muhammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been
rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you. So pardon them
and ask forgiveness for them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then
rely upon Allah. Indeed, Allah loves those who rely [upon Him]” (3:159).
A meaningful Hijrah
MUSLIMS welcome another new year in the Islamic calendar tomorrow. It was 1440
years ago that Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and the early Muslims
migrated from Makkah to Madinah, which marked the first year of the Hijrah calendar.
For many Makkah Muslims then, the decision to migrate was done with a heavy heart as
they had to leave their homeland to a new place. But their faith and love for Islam
soothed their doubts and worries.
The Hijrah has significance not just to the Islamic world but also to world civilisation. It
did not merely signify a final destination for Makkah Muslims, but was also the
beginning of a continuous effort to establish a strong and resilient ummah.
While many Muslims prefer to discuss the Hijrah from the perspective of personal
transformations, it is also important to put into context the other impacts from the
migration. These include the reshaping of the political, economic and social aspects of
the Muslim community, which became the central foundation for Islamic civilisation.
This all-encompassing impact of Prophet Muhammad and his followers’ migration from
Makkah strengthened the viewpoint of Islam as a comprehensive religion and a
complete system of life for its adherents.
The strength of the nation was not measured by the number of weapons, soldiers and
wealth, instead, the foundation of the religion, that is the framework of tawhid (oneness
of God) and the prophethood of Muhammad as the final Messenger of God cemented
the whole life system. This was epitomised through the characters of Muslims in their
political, economic and social affairs. Muslims today must therefore emulate the will,
courage and strong conviction of the muhajjirin (the emigrants) to bring about changes
and improvements to oneself and the ummah.
The Hijrah also offers important lessons in leadership:
1. Prophet Muhammad’s leadership was able to unite two Muslim
communities with different sects and religious beliefs just on the basis of faith. His
position as the leader in Madinah stemmed from the essence of power bestowed on him
by society and also through divine authority.
2. The Prophet took the position of leadership as a trust from the people of
Madinah and also from Allah. Therefore, a lesson to be learnt from this is the importance
of upholding amanah (trust) and adl (justice) among leaders.
3. Other lessons from hijrah: the Prophet brought together different tribes,
cultures and religions. The people of Madinah were taught to be more kind,
compassionate and giving towards one another.
4. The kinship formed between Makkah Muslims and Madinah Muslims, the
end of intertribal conflicts between the tribes of Aws and Khazraj, and the acceptance of
other religious communities as part of Madinah society, paved the way for the
establishment of a strong and stable nation under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad.
5. The understanding of Hijrah must be beyond the “migration” from one
geographical location to another. It must include lessons in nation-building, leadership,
tolerance, charity and unselfish conducts that could lead to the transformation of self,
mindset and way of life as Prophet Muhammad has taught us.Only then can Hijrah
become meaningful.
Summary
The Prophet (PBUH) was a successful leader because he was patient, kind, just and
truthful. These traits not only allowed him to lead better, but they also made him a
good humanitarian, which is the most a good leader can hope to be.Over the years,
Muslim and non-Muslim historians have written many books about Prophet
Muhammad as a leader, highlighting the divinely guided qualities of his personality
as the final messenger of God, according to Islamic beliefs. But in the past century or
so, a modernist, rationalist school of Islamic thought has emerged, which focuses on
examining Prophet Muhammad as a charismatic leader as well as being the
messenger of God.
On September 24, 622, the prophet Muhammad completes his Hegira, or “flight,”
from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution. In Medina, Muhammad set about
building the followers of his religion—Islam—into an organized community and
Arabian power. The Hegira would later mark the beginning (year 1) of the Muslim
calendar.
IV- Activity
I- Essay. What type of a leader was Prophet Muhammad? Write your answer on the space
provided below.
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II- What are the qualities that you might have, to prove that you are a good leader in your
community? Write your answer on the space provided below
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III- Write as many qualities as you can find from the leadership of the Prophet.
V- Closing Prayer
Write your closing prayer on the space provided below:
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Reminders: If you have clarifications, suggestions, comments or questions please do not forget
to write it.
Clarifications
Suggestions
Comments
Questions
References:
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-27307249
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam
https://www.intechopen.com/books/digital-leadership-a-new-leadership-style-for-the-21st-
century/islamic-leadership-comparisons-and-qualities
https://www.islamicfinder.org/news/6-leadership-lessons-from-prophet-pbuh
https://www.nst.com.my/opinion/letters/2018/09/410065/meaningful-hijrah
Consultation:
Consultation can be done through e-mail ([email protected])mobile
number( TM 09754756517 ), ( TNT, 09518789714 ) Facebook/Messenger (Nasiba A. Amilin)
Blessed Day!
