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Orthogonal & Oblique Cutting

There are two main types of metal cutting: orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting. Orthogonal cutting involves cutting where the tool face is perpendicular to the direction of travel, while oblique cutting is when the tool face is inclined less than 90 degrees. Orthogonal cutting produces sharp corners and a smaller contact area between tool and workpiece, while oblique cutting produces a chamfer and larger contact area, leading to greater tool wear. Most metal cutting operations use oblique cutting.

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Shivanshu shekhar
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5K views2 pages

Orthogonal & Oblique Cutting

There are two main types of metal cutting: orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting. Orthogonal cutting involves cutting where the tool face is perpendicular to the direction of travel, while oblique cutting is when the tool face is inclined less than 90 degrees. Orthogonal cutting produces sharp corners and a smaller contact area between tool and workpiece, while oblique cutting produces a chamfer and larger contact area, leading to greater tool wear. Most metal cutting operations use oblique cutting.

Uploaded by

Shivanshu shekhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Theory of Metal Cutting 1

ORTHOGONAL & OBLIQUE CUTTING

The process of metal cutting is divided into two main classes:

1. Orthogonal Cutting
2. Oblique Cutting

Orthogonal Cutting Vs Oblique Cutting:

Orthogonal Cutting Oblique Cutting

The metal cutting is done by a relative motion between the work piece and the hard
edge of a cutting tool. There are two basic types of metal cutting by a single point
cutting tool. They are orthogonal and oblique metal cutting. If the cutting face of the
tool is at 90° to the direction of the tool travel the cutting action is called as orthogonal
cutting. If the cutting face of the tool is inclined at less than 90° to the path of the tool
then the cutting action is called as oblique cutting. The differences between orthogonal
and oblique cutting is given below

P Prasenjit Swain
Theory of Metal Cutting 2

ORTHOGONAL CUTTING OBLIQUE CUTTING


Cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to The cutting edge is inclined at an angle
the direction of tool travel. less than 90o to the direction of tool travel.
The direction of chip flow is perpendicular The chip flows on the tool face making an
to the cutting edge. angle.
The chip coils in a tight flat spiral The chip flows sideways in a long curl.

For same feed and depth of cut the force The cutting force acts on larger area and
which shears the metal acts on smaller so tool life is more.
areas. So the life of the tool is less.
Produces sharp corners. Produces a chamfer at the end of the cut

Smaller length of cutting edge is in contact For the same depth of cut greater length of
with the work. cutting edge is in contact with the work.
Generally parting off in lathe, broaching This method of cutting is used in almost all
and slotting operations are done in this machining operations.
method.

NOTE: Basically Orthogonal Cutting is called 2-Dimensional cutting. Oblique cutting is


called 3-Dimensional cutting.

➢ Most of the Metal cutting operation carried out in the workshop, is through
Oblique Cutting.
➢ For analysis and discussion point of view, we will consider orthogonal cutting for
its simplicity.
➢ When tool width is less than chip width in case of orthogonal cutting, it is called
Restricted Orthogonal Cutting/ Semi-Orthogonal Cutting.

P Prasenjit Swain

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