Geometry Problem Set

National Camp 2016

Asif E Elahi

1. Basic Stuffs
Problem 1.1. Probve that the diagonals of rhombus are perpendicular.
Problem 1.2. L, M be the midpoint of BC and CA of △ABC resp. Prove that AL = BM ⇐⇒ AC = BC.
Problem 1.3. Let P, Q, R, S be 4 points on a plane. Prove P r ⊥ QS ⇐⇒ P Q2 − QR2 = P S 2 − RS 2 .
Problem 1.4. Let P, Q, R be points on sides BC, CA, AB of △ABC. Prove that the perpendiculars to the
sides at these points are concurrent if and only if BP 2 + CQ2 + AR2 = P C 2 + QA2 + RB 2 .
Problem 1.5. Let P and Q be arbitrary points on sides BC and CA resp. Let the internal bisectors of
∠CAP anbd ∠CBQ meet at R. Prove that ∠AQB + ∠AP B = 2∠ARB.
Problem 1.6. In △ABC, P lies on BC. Prove that
BP AB × sin∠BAP
=
CP AC × sin∠P AC
Problem 1.7. Let D, E, F are the midpoints of BC, CA, AB resp. Prove that ∠CAD = ∠ABE ⇐⇒
∠AF C = ∠ADB.
Problem 1.8. Let circles S1 and S2 meet at points A and B. An arbitrary line passing through A intersects
BP
S1 and S2 at P and Q resp. Prove BQ is constant.
⊙
Problem 1.9. Let BO ∩ ABC = Q. Prove that AQCH is a paralleogram where O and H are the
circumcenter and orthocenter of ABC resp.
⊙
Problem 1.10. Let the angle bisector of ∠BAC meets ABC at A and X resp. Prove that XI = XB =
XC = XIa where I is the incenter and Ia is the excenter opposite to A of △ABC.
Problem 1.11. Let L, M, N are the midpoints of BC, CA, AB and AD, BE, CF are altitudes of △ABC.
Prove that
• O si the orthocenter of △LM N .
• H the incenter of △DEF .
• D, E, F, L, M, N all lie on a circle.

1
 • THe center of this circle is the midpoint of OH.

Problem 1.12. In △ABC, ∠BAC = 90◦ , AD si an altitude. The circle with center A and radius AD
meets △ABC at U and V resp. Prove that U V passes through the midpoint of AD.

Problem 1.13. (a) Let the incircle and excircle (opposite to A) of △ABC meet BC at D and E resp.
Suppose F is the anipode of D wrt the incircle. Prove that A, F, E are collinear. (b) M be the midpoint of
DE. Prove that M I meets AD at it’s midpoint.
Problem 1.14. Let the incircle of △ABC meets AB and AC at X and Y resp.BI CI meets XY at P and
Q resp. Prove that BY XC is cyclic.
AC AD
Problem 1.15. If four points A, B, C, D on a line satisfy the property that BC = BD , then A, B, C, D are
in harmonic order. Prove that if A, B, C, D are in harmonic order and M si the midpoint of AB, then
(a) M A2 = M C.M D and DA > DB = DC.DM .
(b) P is a point s.t ∠AP B = 90◦ , then P A and P B are two bisectors of ∠CP D.
Problem 1.16. AD is an altitude of △ABC. E, F are on AC, AB so that AD, BE, CF are concurrent.
Prove ∠EDA = ∠F DA.

Problem 1.17. Let O be the circumcenter of △ABC and A′ , B ′ , C ′ are reflections ofA on BC, CA, AB
resp. Prove that AA′ , BB ′ , CC” are concurrent.
⊙
Problem 1.18. Let D, E are on sides AC, AB of △ABC resp. such that BE = CD. Let ABC∩△ADE =
P . Prove that P B = P C.

Problem 1.19. Let a line P Q touches circle S1 and S2 at P and Q resp. Prove that the radical axis of S1
and S2 passes through the midpoint of P Q.

Problem 1.20. Two equal-radius circles ω1 and ω2 are centered at points O1 and O2 . A point X is reflected
through O1 and O2 to get points A1 and A2 . The tangents from A1 to ω1 touch ω1 at points P1 and Q1 ,
and the tangents from A2 to ω2 touch ω2 at points P2 and Q2 . If P1 Q1 and P2 Q2 intersect at Y , prove that
Y is equidistant from A1 and A2 .
⊙
Problem 1.21. Let BD, CE are altitudes of △ABC aM be the midpoint of BC. M H ∩ ABC = L.
Prove that AK, BC, DE are concurrent.

Problem 1.22. Two circle ω and Γ touches one another internally at P with ω inside of Gamma. Let AB
be a chord of Γ which touches ω at D. Let P D ∩ γ = Q. Prove that QA = QB.
⊙
Problem 1.23. Let AD be a symmnedian of △ABC wit hD on ABC. Let M be the midpoint of AD.
Prove that ∠BM D = ∠CM D and A, M, O, D are cyclic where OB si the circumcenter of △ABC.

2. Olympiad Problems
⊙
Problem 2.1. Let P B and P C are tangent to ABC. Let D, E, F are projection of A on BC, P B, P C
resp. Prove that AF 2 = AE × AF .

Problem 2.2. Let D and ⊙ ⊙ and AC s.t DE ∥ BC. P is an arbitrary point inside △ADE.
E are on AB
P B, P C ∩ DE = F, G. Let P DG ∩ P GE = Q. Prove that A, P, Q are colinear.

2
Problem 2.3. Let AB and CD be chords in a circle of center O with A, B, C, D distinct , and with the
lines AB and CD meeting at a right angle at point E. Let also M and N be the midpoints of AC and BD
respectively . If M N ⊥OE , prove that AD ∥ BC
Problem 2.4. Circles C1 and C2 intersect at A and B. Let M ∈ AB. A line through M (different from
AB) cuts circles C1 and C2 at Z, D, E, C respectively such that D, E ∈ ZC. Perpendiculars at B to the lines
EB, ZB and AD respectively cut circle C2 in F, K and N . Prove that KF = N C.
Problem 2.5. Let D be a point on side AC of triangle ABC. Let E and F be points on the segments BD
and BC respectively, such that ∠BAE = ∠AF . Let P and Q be points on BC and BD respectively, such
that EP and F Q are both parallel to CD. Prove that ∠BAP = ∠CAQ.
Problem 2.6. In the non-isosceles triangle ABC an altitude from A meets side BC in D . Let M be the
midpoint of BC and let N be the reflection of M in D . The circumcirle of triangle AM N intersects the
side AB in P ̸= A and the side AC in Q ̸= A . Prove that AN, BQ and CP are concurrent.
Problem 2.7. In triangle ABC, the interior and exterior angle bisectors of ∠BAC intersect the line BC in
D and E, respectively. Let F be the second point of intersection of the line AD with the circumcircle of the
triangle ABC. Let O be the circumcentre of the triangle ABCand let D′ be the reflection of D in O. Prove
that ∠D′ F E = 90.
Problem 2.8. Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral such that the line BD bisects the angle ABC. The
circumcircle of triangle ABC intersects the sides AD and CD in the points P and Q, respectively. The line
through D and parallel to AC intersects the lines BC and BA at the points R and S, respectively. Prove
that the points P, Q, R and S lie on a common circle.
Problem 2.9. The incircle of triangle ABC touches BC, CA, AB at points A1 , B1 , C1 , respectively. The
perpendicular from the incenter I to the median from vertex C meets the line A1 B1 in point K. Prove that
CK is parallel to AB.
Problem 2.10. Let X be an arbitrary point inside the circumcircle of a triangle ABC. The lines BX and
CX meet the circumcircle in points K and L respectively. The line LK intersects BA and AC at points
E and F respectively. Find the locus of points X such that the circumcircles of triangles AF K and AEL
touch.
Problem 2.11. Let BD be a bisector of triangle ABC. Points Ia , Ic are the incenters of triangles ABD,
CBD respectively. The line Ia Ic meets AC in point Q. Prove that ∠DBQ = 90◦ .
Problem 2.12. Given right-angled triangle ABC with hypothenuse AB. Let M be the midpoint of AB
and O be the center of circumcircle ω of triangle CM B. Line AC meets ω for the second time in point K.
Segment KO meets the circumcircle of triangle ABC in point L. Prove that segments AL and KM meet
on the circumcircle of triangle ACM .
Problem 2.13. Let BN be median of triangle ABC. M is a point on BC. S lies on BN such that
M S ∥ AB. P is a point such that SP ⊥ AC and BP ∥ AC. M P cuts AB at Q. Prove that QB = QP .
Problem 2.14. Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral with AB parallel to CD. Let P and Q be the
midpoints of AC and BD, respectively. Prove that if ∠ABP = ∠CBD, then ∠BCQ = ∠ACD.
Problem 2.15. Point P lies inside a triangle ABC. Let D, E and F be reflections of the point P in the
lines BC, CA and AB, respectively. Prove that if the triangle DEF is equilateral, then the lines AD, BE
and CF intersect in a common point.
Problem 2.16. Let △ABC be an acute angled triangle. The circle with diameter AB intersects the sides
AC and BC at points E and F respectively. The tangents drawn to the circle through E and F intersect at
P . Show that P lies on the altitude through the vertex C.

3
Problem 2.17. Let γ be circle and let P be a point outside γ. Let P A and P B be the tangents from P to
γ (where A, B ∈ γ). A line passing through P intersects γ at points Q and R. Let S be a point on γ such
that BS ∥ QR. Prove that SA bisects QR

Problem 2.18. Given is a convex quadrilateral ABCD with AB = CD. Draw the triangles ABE and
CDF outside ABCD so that ∠ABE = ∠DCF and ∠BAE = ∠F DC. Prove that the midpoints of AD,
BC and EF are collinear
Problem 2.19. Let P be a point out of circle C. Let P A and P B be the tangents to the circle drawn from
C. Choose a point K on AB . Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle P BK intersects C again at T . Let
P ′ be the reflection of P with respect to A. Prove that

∠P BT = ∠P ′ KA

Problem 2.20. Consider a circle C1 and a point O on it. Circle C2 with center O, intersects C1 in two
points P and Q. C3 is a circle which is externally tangent to C2 at R and internally tangent to C1 at S and
suppose that RS passes through Q. Suppose X and Y are second intersection points of P R and OR with
C1 . Prove that QX is parallel with SY .

Problem 2.21. In triangle ABC we havev ∠A = π3 . Construct E and F on continue of AB and AC

Problem 2.22. In triangle ABC, ∠A = 90◦ and M is the midpoint of BC. Point D is chosen on segment
AC such that AM = AD and P is the second meet point of the circumcircles of triangles ∆AM C, ∆BDC.
Prove that the line CP bisects ∠ACB
Problem 2.23. Let C1 , C2 be two circles such that the center of C1 is on the circumference of C2 . Let
C1 , C2 intersect each other at points M, N . Let A, B be two points on the circumference of C1 such that
AB is the diameter of it. Let lines AM, BN meet C2 for the second time at A′ , B ′ , respectively. Prove that
A′ B ′ = r1 where r1 is the radius of C1 .
Problem 2.24. Given a triangle ABC, let P lie on the circumcircle of the triangle and be the midpoint of
the arc BC which does not contain A. Draw a straight line l through P so that l is parallel to AB. Denote
by k the circle which passes through B, and is tangent to l at the point P . Let Q be the second point of
intersection of k and the line AB (if there is no second point of intersection, choose Q = B). Prove that
AQ = AC.

Problem 2.25. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral in which internal angle bisectors ∠ABC and ∠ADC
intersect on diagonal AC. Let M be the midpoint of AC. Line parallel to BC which passes through D cuts
BM at E and circle ABCD in F (F ̸= D ). Prove that BCEF is parallelogram
Problem 2.26. The side BC of the triangle ABC is extended beyond C to D so that CD = BC. The side
CA is extended beyond A to E so that AE = 2CA. Prove that, if AD = BE, then the triangle ABC is
right-angled

Problem 2.27. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral inscribed in the circle Γ with AB as diameter. Let E be
the intersection of the diagonals AC and BD. The tangents to Γ at the points C, D meet at P . Prove that
PC = PE
Problem 2.28. The quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle. The point P lies in the interior of ABCD,
and ∠P AB = ∠P BC = ∠P CD = ∠P DA. The lines AD and BC meet at Q, and the lines AB and CD
meet at R. Prove that the lines P Q and P R form the same angle as the diagonals of ABCD

4
Problem 2.29. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral with opposite sides not parallel. Let X and Y be the
intersections of AB, CD and AD, BC respectively. Let the angle bisector of ∠AXD intersect AD, BC at
E, F respectively, and let the angle bisectors of ∠AY B intersect AB, CD at G, H respectively. Prove that
EF GH is a parallelogram.
Problem 2.30. Triangle ABC is given with its centroid G and cicumcentre O is such that GO is perpen-
dicular to AG. Let A′ be the second intersection of AG with circumcircle of triangle ABC. Let D be the
intersection of lines CA′ and AB and E the intersection of lines BA′ and AC. Prove that the circumcentre
of triangle ADE is on the circumcircle of triangle ABC
Problem 2.31. Let M be the midpoint of the side AC of △ABC. Let P ∈ AM and Q ∈ CM be such that
2 . Let (ABQ) intersect with BC at X ̸= B and (BCP ) intersect with BA at Y ̸= B. Prove that
P Q = AC
the quadrilateral BXM Y is cyclic.

Problem 2.32. Let be given a triangle ABC and its internal angle bisector BD (D ∈ BC). The line BD
intersects the circumcircle Ω of triangle ABC at B and E. Circle ω with diameter DE cuts Ω again at F .
Prove that BF is the symmedian line of triangle ABC.

Problem 2.33. ∆ABC is a triangle such that AB ̸= AC. The incircle of ∆ABC touches BC, CA, AB at
D, E, F respectively. H is a point on the segment EF such that DH⊥EF . Suppose AH⊥BC, prove that
H is the orthocentre of ∆ABC.