27C-1

GROUP 27C

ELECTRONIC
CONTROL AWD
CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . 27C-2 SYMPTOM PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . 27C-75

SERVICE PRECAUTIONS. . . . . . . . . 27C-5 DATA LIST REFERENCE TABLE . . . 27C-87

SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS. . . . . . . 27C-5 ACTUATOR TEST TABLE . . . . . . . . . 27C-90

SEALANT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-5 CHECK AT ECU TERMINALS . . . . . . 27C-91

SPECIAL TOOLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-6 ON-VEHICLE SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-92

CHECK OF ELECTRONIC CONTROL
DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-7 COUPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-92
STANDARD FLOW OF DIAGNOSTIC
TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-7 AWD-ECU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-93
PRECAUTIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS. . . . . . . 27C-7 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . 27C-93
CHECK OF DRIVE MODE INDICATORS
(4WD/LOCK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-8 DRIVE MODE SELECTOR . . . . . . . . . 27C-94
DIAGNOSTIC FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-8 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . 27C-94
FREEZE FRAME DATA REFERENCE DRIVE MODE SELECTOR CHECK . . . . . . 27C-94
TABLE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-9
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART . . 27C-10 ELECTRONIC CONTROL
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE COUPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-95
PROCEDURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27C-10
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . 27C-95

TROUBLE SYMPTOM CHART . . . . . 27C-74

27C-2 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
GENERAL INFORMATION

GENERAL INFORMATION
M1272000100114
• Electronic control AWD has been adopted to NOTE: *: For more information about CAN (Con-
ensure the on-road performance, achieve lighter troller Area Network), refer to GROUP 54C .
and smaller body, and realize better fuel econ- • Under severe driving condition, the system is pro-
omy. tected by minimizing the limitation force of the dif-
• The electronic control AWD controls the torque of ferential.
the electronic control coupling located between • During high-speed driving, the fuel efficiency is
the propeller shaft and rear differential. This strat- improved by reducing the limitation force of the
egy is enabled by varying the torque distribution differential.
to the front and rear wheels from the status closer • The following drive modes are available accord-
to the front wheel drive to the status closer to the ing to the drivers' preference to provide the enjoy-
direct coupling AWD and realizes the optimal ment of selecting functions.
drive force according to the various driving condi- Drive Control content Appeal points
tions. mode
.

AIMS OF DEVELOPMENT FWD Minimizes the High fuel efficiency

Lightweight and simple construction of the electronic (2WD) limitation force of mode which enables
control AWD achieves good fuel efficiency and pro- the differential. smoother turning
vides enjoyment of selecting the drive mode. performance of the
FF vehicle
.

FUNCTION AWD Increases the Universal mode

• The adoption of the electronic control coupling (4WD) limitation force of which automatically
satisfies both of the tight corner braking phenom- the differential distributes the drive
enon* and traction performance. according to the force to the rear
different rotation wheels as necessary
NOTE: *Tight corner braking indicates the follow- speed of the front
ing condition. When the AWD vehicle turns and rear wheels
sharply on a pavement at low speed (ex. parallel and the throttle
parking), the rotational radius of the front and rear position.
wheels differs, and this difference can no longer
be compensated by the tire slippage. At this time, LOCK Further increases Mode which has an
the driver feels as if the brake was applied. the limitation force excellent driving
• The electronic control AWD receives the signals of the differential performance when
of the throttle position and vehicle speed via compared to the driving on rough road
AWD mode. or in stuck situation
CAN* communication protocol, detects the vehi-
and enables the
cle driving condition and operation of the driver,
powerful driving
and distributes the proper torque to the rear .

wheels.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
GENERAL INFORMATION
27C-3
CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM

Combination meter
ASC-ECU

Electronic
Drive mode control
ETACS-ECU selector
coupling
AWD-ECU
Engine control Data link
module (ECM) connector

Drive mode selector

Drive mode indicator

ACA02926 AB
.

TSB Revision
27C-4 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
GENERAL INFORMATION

SYSTEM COMPONENT AND FUNCTION

Parts name Functional description
Engine control module (ECM) Sends the following signals required by AWD-ECU via CAN
communication.
• Engine torque signal
• Throttle position signal
• Engine speed signal
ASC-ECU Sends the following signals required by AWD-ECU via CAN
communication.
• ABS sensor signal (wheel speed signal) [4 wheels]
• ASC operation signal
• AWD limitation torque signal
Drive mode selector Sends the drive mode switch signal [FWD/AWD/LOCK] to AWD-ECU.
ETACS-ECU • Receives the drive mode switch signal [FWD/AWD/LOCK] from
AWD-ECU and flashes the indicators (AWD operation indicator and
LOCK indicator) in the combination meter.
• Flashes the indicators (AWD operation indicator and LOCK indicator) in
the combination meter in case of failure.
Controls diagnostic function (Compatible with scan tool).
AWD-ECU Calculates the optimum differential limitation force judging from the vehicle
condition and present drive mode based on the signals from each ECU and
switch, and controls the current value flown to the electronic control
coupling.
Controls the indicators (AWD operation indicator and LOCK indicator) in
the combination meter.
Controls the self-diagnostic function and fail-safe function.
Controls diagnostic function (Compatible with scan tool).
Electronic control coupling Transmits the torque corresponding to the current value controlled by
AWD-ECU to the rear wheels.
Drive mode indicator Integrated in the combination meter, and indicates the selected drive mode
• AWD operation indicator (Not displayed in FWD mode).
• LOCK indicator • When the AWD operation indicator and LOCK indicator flash alternately,
the system automatically enters the front wheel drive mode to protect
the drive system components, and the drive mode changeover with the
drive mode selector becomes unavailable.
• When the drive system generates heat, the AWD operation indicator
flashes.
• The indicator light operation signal from AWD-ECU is sent to the
combination meter via ETACS-ECU using CAN communication.
Data link connector Outputs the diagnostic trouble code and establishes the communication
with scan tool.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
27C-5
SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
M1274005600057
. .

TOWING DRIVING ON SANDY OR SLUSHY ROAD

• The vehicle must be towed by a tow truck with all As the vehicle is intended for on-road use, long-time
four wheels raised. If a vehicle is towed with only driving on a sandy or slushy road must be avoided.
the front or rear wheels are raised, the drive sys- When the vehicle is driven on a sandy or slushy road
tem components may be damaged or the vehicle for a long time, the fail-safe function of the electronic
may jump out of a tow truck (cart). control AWD system tends to enter the protective
• Even if the drive mode selector is switched to control mode which switches the control from AWD
"FWD," the vehicle cannot be towed with only the to FWD gradually in order to protect the drive sys-
front or rear wheels raised. The vehicle must be tem, and the indicators ("AWD" and "LOCK") tends to
towed by a tow truck with all four wheels raised. illuminate.
. .

WHEEL AND TIRE SPEED MEASUREMENT

Normally, all four tires must be same in size, in type, When using the chassis dynamometer to measure
and in brand, except for when a spare tire is tempo- the speed, always measure it under synchronized
rarily used. If a wheel or tire with incorrect size is condition between front wheels’ speed and rear
installed or tire pressure is excessively out of the wheels’ speed. If the speed is measured with front
specified value, the electronic control AWD system wheels or rear wheels fixed, or with speed difference
will not operate correctly. In addition, drive system between front wheels and rear wheels, drive system
components may be damaged. components may be damaged.

SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS
M1274000100109

Item Standard value

Electronic control coupling solenoid Electronic control AWD 2.2 − 4.0
resistance Ω [at 20 °C (68°F)]
Electronic control coupling stud bolt length mm (in) 22.3 − 25.1 (0.88 − 0.99)

SEALANT
M1272000500156

Item Specified sealant Remark

Differential carrier and electronic ThreeBond 1215, 1216, 1217 or Semi-drying sealant
control coupling mounting part equivalent

TSB Revision
27C-6 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SPECIAL TOOLS

SPECIAL TOOLS
M1274000200054

Tool Tool number and name Supersession Application

MB991958 MB991824-KIT CAUTION
a a: MB991824 NOTE: G: MB991826 For vehicles with CAN
b: MB991827 M.U.T.-III Trigger Harness communication, use
c: MB991910 is not necessary when M.U.T.-III main harness
d: MB991911 pushing V.C.I. ENTER A to send simulated
MB991824
e: MB991914 key. vehicle speed. If you
b f: MB991825 connect M.U.T.-III main
g: MB991826 harness B instead, the
M.U.T.-III Sub Assembly CAN communication
a: Vehicle does not function
communication correctly.
MB991827
interface (V.C.I.) Check of the electronic
c
b: M.U.T.-III USB Cable control AWD (the
c: M.U.T.-III Main diagnostic trouble code
Harness A (Vehicles display, service data
with CAN display, freeze frame data
MB991910 communication display, actuator test with
d system) scan tool)
d: M.U.T.-III Main
Do not use Harness B (Vehicles
without CAN
communication
MB991911
system)
e e: M.U.T.-III main
harness C (for
Do not use Chrysler models only)
f: M.U.T.-III Adapter
MB991914 Harness
g: M.U.T.-III Trigger
f Harness

MB991825

MB991826
MB991958

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-7
Tool Tool number and name Supersession Application
MB991223 MB991223 Continuity check and
a
Harness set voltage measurement at
a: MB991219 the AWD-ECU wiring
Test harness harness connector
b: MB991220
b LED harness
c: MB991221
LED harness adapter
d: MB991222
c Probe

d Do not use
MB991223BD

MB992006 General service tool

Extra fine probe

MB992006

DIAGNOSIS
STANDARD FLOW OF DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLESHOOTING
M1274000400069
Refer to GROUP 00 − Troubleshooting Contents
P.00-7.
PRECAUTIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS
M1274000500055
• After troubleshooting, and removing/installing of • When the vehicle is used under some severe
the electronic control AWD system components, operational conditions (such as a long-time driv-
check the diagnostic trouble code using scan ing in AWD on a sandy road, slushy road or road
tool. If a diagnostic trouble code is set, erase it with deep snows or towing or long hill-climbing),
and check again that no diagnostic trouble code the electronic control AWD system illuminates the
is set. drive system fluid temperature warning display in
• Before performing a troubleshooting, check that the combination meter in order to protect the
all four wheels and tires are same in size, in type, electronic control coupling fluid, at the same time
and in brand. The electronic control AWD system it flashes the indicator (4WD or LOCK) corre-
will function correctly only when all four wheels sponding to the selected drive mode to inform of
and tires are same in size, and tire pressure is the abnormality.
specified value. • The electronic control AWD system is equipped
• If any abnormality occurs in the electronic control with the fail-safe function which prohibits AWD
AWD system, it flashes the indicators (4WD and control and shifts to FWD control if any abnormal-
LOCK) in the combination meter alternately to ity occurs in the system. If there is a risk that the
inform of the abnormality. vehicle behavior suddenly changes, the gradual
shifting to FWD control is chosen.

TSB Revision
27C-8 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

CHECK OF DRIVE MODE INDICATORS

(4WD/LOCK)
M1274000600159
When the ignition switch is turned ON, check that the
4WD/LOCK indicators illuminate as follows:
Drive mode indicator
Switch position Indicator display
2WD (FWD) − (Not illuminated)
4WD (AWD) 4WD
LOCK 4WD, LOCK

ACA00932 AD
Otherwise, check the DTC.

DIAGNOSTIC FUNCTION
M1274000700123

HOW TO CONNECT THE SCAN TOOL (M.U.T.-III)

CAUTION
ZC501967 To prevent damage to scan tool MB991958, always turn the
AC404789
Data link ignition switch to the "LOCK" (OFF) position before con-
connector necting or disconnecting scan tool MB991958.
1. Ensure that the ignition switch is at the "LOCK" (OFF)
position.
2. Start up the personal computer.
MB991910 3. Connect special tool MB991827 to special tool MB991824
and the personal computer.
4. Connect special tool MB991910 to special tool MB991824.
MB991824 5. Connect special tool MB991910 to the data link connector.
6. Turn the power switch of special tool MB991824 to the "ON"
position.
NOTE: When special tool MB991824 is energized, special
tool MB991824 indicator light will be illuminated in a green
color.
7. Start the M.U.T.-III system on the personal computer.
NOTE: Disconnecting scan tool MB991958 is the reverse of the
MB991827 connecting sequence, making sure that the ignition switch is at
AC702802 AB
the "LOCK" (OFF) position.

HOW TO READ AND ERASE DIAGNOSTIC

TROUBLE CODES
CAUTION
To prevent damage to scan tool MB991958, always turn the
ignition switch to the "LOCK" (OFF) position before con-
necting or disconnecting scan tool MB991958.
NOTE: If the battery voltage is low, diagnostic trouble codes will
not be set. Check the battery if scan tool MB991958 does not
display.
1. Connect scan tool MB991958 to the data link connector.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the "ON" position.
3. Select "System select" from the start-up screen.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-9
4. Select "From 2006 MY" under "Model Year". Check that
"Vehicle Information" contents are correct.
5. Select "ETACS" from "System List", and then press "OK"
button.
NOTE: If "Loading Option Setup" list is shown, click appro-
priate box.
6. Select "Diagnostic Trouble Code."
7. If a DTC is set, it is shown.
8. Choose "Erase DTCs" to read the DTC.
FREEZE FRAME DATA REFERENCE TABLE
M1274001200068
Scan tool can be used to read the freeze frame data
(the driving status when the failure occurs) at each
diagnostic trouble code detection.
.

FREEZE FRAME DATA SPECIFICATIONS

Item No. Item Unit/Content
01 Odometer xxxx mile
02 Ignition cycle −
03 Coupling torque xxxx N⋅m
04 Current trouble accumulative time xxxx min
06 Coupling temperature xxxx °F
07 CAN communication (ABS/ASC) error flag OFF (Normal)/ON (Malfunction)
08 CAN communication (engine) error flag OFF (Normal)/ON (Malfunction)
09 CAN communication (ETACS) error flag OFF (Normal)/ON (Malfunction)
15 AWD mode 2WD
4WD
4WD LOCK
16 FL wheel speed sensor xxxx mph
17 FR wheel speed sensor xxxx mph
18 RL wheel speed sensor xxxx mph
19 RR wheel speed sensor xxxx mph
NOTE: xxxx indicates the value.

TSB Revision
27C-10 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART

M1274000800175

CAUTION
During diagnosis, a DTC associated with other system may be set when the ignition switch is turned
on with connector(s) disconnected. On completion, confirm all systems for DTC(s). If DTC(s) are set,
erase them all.

DTC Item Reference

page
C1078 Tire with incorrect diameter equipped P.27C-10
C1456 Wiring harness or coupling coil overcurrent failure P.27C-13
C145A Wiring harness or coupling coil short circuit failure P.27C-18
C145D Wiring harness or coupling open circuit failure P.27C-23
C145F Coupling overload P.27C-28
C1460 Drive mode selector circuit failure P.27C-30
C2100 Abnormal battery voltage (too low) P.27C-34
C2101 Abnormal battery voltage (too high) P.27C-38
C211C Abnormal IG1 power supply low voltage P.27C-42
C211D Abnormal IG1 power supply high voltage P.27C-46
C211E Abnormal power supply voltage (too low) P.27C-50
C211F Abnormal power supply voltage (too high) P.27C-58
C2208 AWD-ECU internal error P.27C-61
U0001 Bus-off error P.27C-61
U0100 Engine CAN time-out P.27C-62
U0121 ASC CAN time-out P.27C-64
U0141 ETACS CAN time-out P.27C-65
U0401 Engine CAN data error P.27C-67
U0415 ASC CAN data error P.27C-69
U113C Wheel speed sensor data error P.27C-71
U1415 Variant coding not implemented P.27C-72

DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE PROCEDURES

DTC C1078: Tire with incorrect diameter equipped

CAUTION OPERATION
If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an If the vehicle is driven with a tire with incorrect diam-
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, eter (high-pressure type spare tire or flat tire)
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. installed to either wheel in the AWD mode,
.
AWD-ECU controls the coupling in high torque. If this
is the case, the coupling temperature may rise to
cause a seizure.
.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-11
DTC SET CONDITIONS TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
If the following conditions are met simultaneously,
Current trouble
AWD-ECU gradually reduces the AWD control
• Tire with incorrect diameter (high-pressure type
torque to the specified torque, flashes the
spare tire or flat tire) equipped
AWD/LOCK indicators alternately, and sets the DTC
• Improper adjusted tire pressure
C1078.
• AWD selector switch: AWD/LOCK Past trouble
• Difference in rotation speed between the front • Tire with incorrect diameter (high-pressure type
and rear wheels exceeds continuously a specific spare tire or flat tire) has been installed.
value. • The tire pressure has been adjusted due to
.
improper tire pressure.

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Drive the vehicle straight with throttle opening angle of
approximately 50% or less, and constant vehicle speed of
30 km/h or higher for 20 seconds or longer.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C1078 set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 3. Tire check

Q: Are all installed wheels and tires same in size?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Install the same size wheels and tires. Then go to
Step 4.

STEP 4. Tire pressure check

Check that the tire pressure of the installed tires agrees with
the tire pressure specified on the tire pressure label.
Q: Is the tire pressure normal?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Adjust the tire pressure. Then go to Step 5.

TSB Revision
27C-12 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Drive the vehicle straight with throttle opening angle of approxi-
mately 50% or less, and constant vehicle speed of 30 km/h
(18.6 mph) or higher for 20 seconds or longer.
Q: Is the DTC C1078 set?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : This code is set because the tire pressure was
improper or a tire with incorrect diameter is installed.

STEP 6. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 16: FL wheel speed sensor
• Item 17: FR wheel speed sensor
• Item 18: RL wheel speed sensor
• Item 19: RR wheel speed sensor
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Troubleshoot the ASC system (Refer to GROUP 35C
− Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.35C-20). Then go to
Step 7.

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Drive the vehicle straight with throttle opening angle of approxi-
mately 50% or less, and constant vehicle speed of 30 km/h
(18.6 mph) or higher for 20 seconds or longer.
Q: Is the DTC C1078 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8 .
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC C1078 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-13

DTC C1456: Wiring harness or coupling coil overcurrent failure

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL
COUPLING
SOLENOID

AWD-ECU

ACA02931

Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: D-21, D-23

D-23

C-228

D-21
C-27 (L)

ACA02875 AE
ACA02872 AH

TSB Revision
27C-14 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

Connectors: C-408, C-415

ETACS-ECU

C-415

C-408 (B)
ACA02841AF

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • Damaged harness wires and connector (Short to
. ground between AWD-ECU and the electronic
OPERATION control coupling solenoid)
The current flowing the coupling coil is monitored, • AWD-ECU internal error
and if it exceeds the specified value, the system is • Short circuit in the coupling coil
deactivated.
Past trouble
.
• Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
DTC SET CONDITIONS NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
If the following conditions are met when the system to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
is in operation (always), AWD-ECU switches the con- to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- ble P.00-16).
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C1456. • Intermittent electronic control coupling failure
• Electronic control coupling solenoid current moni- (solenoid failure)
tor value: 6 A or more (deviated from the normal
current value range)

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-15

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C1456 set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 04: Coupling current command value
• Item 05: Coupling current monitor value
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Go to Step 4.

STEP 4. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• D-21 intermediate connector
• D-23 electronic control coupling solenoid connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 11.

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector and the D-21 intermediate connector, and the wiring har-
ness between the D-21 intermediate connector and the D-23
electronic control coupling solenoid side connector for damage
or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 11.

TSB Revision
27C-16 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 6. Resistance measurement between electronic

control coupling solenoid connector terminals
Disconnect the D-23 connector, and measure the resistance
value between the connector terminals on the electronic control
coupling side.
Standard value: 2.2 − 4.0 Ω
Q: Is the measured resistance value within the standard
value range?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Replace the electronic control coupling (Refer to
P.27C-95). Then go to Step 11.

STEP 7. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No.3, No.4 (ignition switch "ON")
and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Go to Step 9.

STEP 8. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 11.

STEP 9. Wiring harness check

NOTE: Prior to the wiring harness inspection, check the C-408
and C-415 ETACS-ECU connector, and repair if necessary.
Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.3) and the fusible link No. 34, and the wir-
ing harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU connector [terminal
No.4 (ignition switch "ON")] and the fusible link No. 34 for dam-
age or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 11.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-17

STEP 10. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C1456 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 11.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 11. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC C1456 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-18 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C145A: Wiring harness and coupling coil short circuit failure

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL
COUPLING
SOLENOID

AWD-ECU

ACA02931

Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: D-21, D-23

D-23

C-228

D-21
C-27 (L)

ACA02875 AE
ACA02872 AH

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-19
Connectors: C-408, C-415
ETACS-ECU

C-415

C-408 (B)
ACA02841AF

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • Short circuit inside the electronic control coupling
. solenoid
OPERATION • Wiring harness or connector failure (short circuit
If the current flowing the electronic control coupling between the electronic control coupling solenoid
solenoid coil is larger than the command value from terminals)
AWD-ECU, the system is deactivated. • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
.
• Short to ground between AWD-ECU and the
DTC SET CONDITIONS electronic control coupling solenoid
If the following conditions are met when the system • AWD-ECU internal error
is activated, AWD-ECU switches the control from Past trouble
AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indicators • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
alternately, and sets the DTC C145A. NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
• Sets the specified current command value to the to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
electronic control coupling solenoid to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
• Drive current value of the electronic control cou- ble P.00-16).
pling solenoid: Deviated over from the normal • Intermittent electronic control coupling failure
current range (solenoid failure)

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

TSB Revision
27C-20 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 2 seconds.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145A set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 04: Coupling current command value
• Item 05: Coupling current monitor value
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Go to Step 4.

STEP 4. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• D-21 intermediate connector
• D-23 electronic control coupling solenoid connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 11.

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector and the D-21 intermediate connector, and the wiring har-
ness between the D-21 intermediate connector and the D-23
electronic control coupling solenoid side connector for damage
or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 11.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-21

STEP 6. Resistance measurement between electronic

control coupling solenoid connector (coupling side)
terminals
Disconnect the D-23 connector, and measure the resistance
value between the connector terminals on the electronic control
coupling side.
Standard value: 2.2 − 4.0 Ω
Q: Is the measured resistance value within the standard
value range?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Replace the electronic control coupling (Refer to
P.27C-95). Then go to Step 11.

STEP 7. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No. 3, No.4 (Ignition switch "ON")
and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Go to Step 9.

STEP 8. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 11.

STEP 9. Wiring harness check

NOTE: Prior to the wiring harness inspection, check the C-408
and C-415 ETACS-ECU connector, and repair if necessary.
Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.3) and the fusible link No. 34, and the wir-
ing harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU connector [terminal
No.4 (ignition switch "ON")] and the fusible link No. 34 for dam-
age or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 11.

TSB Revision
27C-22 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 10. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 2 seconds.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145A set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 11.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 11. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 2 seconds.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145A set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-23

DTC C145D: Wiring harness and coupling coil open circuit failure

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL
COUPLING
SOLENOID

AWD-ECU

ACA02931

Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: D-21, D-23

D-23

C-228

D-21
C-27 (L)

ACA02875 AE
ACA02872 AH

TSB Revision
27C-24 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

Connectors: C-408, C-415

ETACS-ECU

C-415

C-408 (B)
ACA02841AF

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • Open circuit inside the electronic control coupling
. solenoid
OPERATION • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
If the current flowing in the electronic control coupling • Open circuit between AWD-ECU and the
solenoid coil is smaller than the command value from electronic control coupling solenoid
AWD-ECU, the system is deactivated. • AWD-ECU internal error
.
Past trouble
DTC SET CONDITIONS • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
If the following conditions are met when the system NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
is activated, AWD-ECU switches the control from to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indicators to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
alternately, and sets the DTC C145D. ble P.00-16).
• Sets the specified current command value to the • Intermittent electronic control coupling failure
electronic control coupling solenoid (solenoid failure)
• Drive current value of the electronic control cou-
pling solenoid: Deviated below from the normal
current range

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-25

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 2 seconds.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145D set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 04: Coupling current command value
• Item 05: Coupling current monitor value
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Go to Step 4.

STEP 4. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• D-21 intermediate connector
• D-23 electronic control coupling solenoid connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 11.

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector and the D-21 intermediate connector, and the wiring har-
ness between the D-21 intermediate connector and the D-23
electronic control coupling solenoid side connector for damage
or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 11.

TSB Revision
27C-26 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 6. Resistance measurement between electronic

control coupling solenoid connector (coupling side)
terminals
Disconnect the D-23 connector, and measure the resistance
value between the connector terminals on the electronic control
coupling side.
Standard value: 2.2 − 4.0 Ω
Q: Is the measured resistance value within the standard
value range?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Replace the electronic control coupling (Refer to
P.27C-95). Then go to Step 11.

STEP 7. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No.3, No.4 (Ignition switch "ON")
and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Go to Step 9.

STEP 8. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 11.

STEP 9. Wiring harness check

NOTE: Prior to the wiring harness inspection, check the C-408
and C-415 ETACS-ECU connector, and repair if necessary.
Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.3) and the fusible link No. 34, and the wir-
ing harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU connector [terminal
No.4 (ignition switch "ON")] and the fusible link No. 34 for dam-
age or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 10.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 11.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-27

STEP 10. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 2 seconds.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145D set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 11.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction. (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 11. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 2 seconds.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145D set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-28 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C145F: Coupling Overload

CAUTION • When the load to the electronic control coupling

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an is large, the mode is switched to the FWD mode.
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, .

always diagnose the CAN bus lines. TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

.

OPERATION Current trouble

If AWD-ECU determines that the vehicle is used • The driving conditions are severe.
under some severe operational conditions (such as a • Electronic control coupling failure (clutch slip-
long-time driving in AWD on a sandy road, slushy page)
road or road with deep snows or towing or long • AWD-ECU malfunction
hill-climbing), AWD-ECU detects the overload to the • Abnormality in ABS wheel speed signal
coupling. If abnormal overload is detected, • Abnormality in torque command value from the
AWD-ECU interrupts the system to prevent it from ASC-ECU
being damaged. Past trouble
.
• The past driving conditions were severe.
DTC SET CONDITIONS • Electronic control coupling intermittent failure
If the following conditions are met, AWD-ECU gradu- (clutch slippage)
ally switches the control from AWD to FWD, makes • Abnormality in ABS wheel speed signal
the drive system fluid temperature warning light illu- • Abnormality in torque command value from the
minate, and sets the DTC C145F. ASC-ECU
• Drive mode selector: AWD or LOCK

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145F set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-29

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 07: CAN system (ASC)
• Item 16: FL wheel speed sensor
• Item 17: FR wheel speed sensor
• Item 18: RL wheel speed sensor
• Item 19: RR wheel speed sensor
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Troubleshoot the ASC system (Refer to GROUP 35C
− Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.35C-20). Then go to
Step 4.

STEP 4. Scan tool MB991958 actuator test

On a chassis dynamometer test, use scan tool MB991958 to
forcibly activate the electronic control coupling from 600 N⋅m to
730 N⋅m (443 to 538 ft-lb) in 10 N⋅m(7.3 ft-lb) steps (Refer to
P.27C-90).
Or on a test run of the vehicle, turn fully the steering wheel
(lock condition) and use scan tool MB991958 to forcibly acti-
vate the electronic control coupling at 500 N⋅m (368 ft-lb) (Refer
to P.27C-90). Then drive the vehicle forward (or back) at about
10 km/h (6.2 mph). If the system is normal, tight cornering phe-
nomenon should occur.
• Item 01: AWD coupling control torque
Q: Does the electronic control coupling transfer the torque
correctly?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Replace the electronic control coupling (Refer to
P.27C-95). Then go to Step 6.

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C145F set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 6.
NO : The code may be set because of some severe
operational conditions such as a long-time high speed
driving or long hill-climbing in AWD condition.

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC C145F set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-30 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C1460: Drive mode selector circuit failure

IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

OR OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-
ECU DRIVE MODE
IG1 SELECTOR
RELAY

JOINT
CONNECTOR (4)

AWD-ECU

ACA02937

Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connector: C-18

C-228

C-27 (L)

ACA02872 AH ACA02873AC

CAUTION OPERATION
If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an Due to the drive mode selector failure, the drive
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, mode is incognizable, AWD-ECU detects the drive
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. mode selector internal circuit failure, and flashes the
.
4WD/LOCK indicators.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-31
• Short to ground between AWD-ECU and the
.

DTC SET CONDITIONS drive mode selector

If the following conditions are met, AWD-ECU • AWD-ECU malfunction
switches the control from AWD mode to AWD AUTO
mode, flashes the 4WD/LOCK indicators alternately, Past trouble
and sets the DTC C1460. • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
• Drive mode selector internal short NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
• IG1 voltage: 7 V or more to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
.
to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS ble P.00-16).
• Intermittent malfunction of drive mode selector
Current trouble
• Drive mode selector internal short

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 15 seconds.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C1460 set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 10: FWD SW
• Item 11: LOCK SW
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Go to Step 4.

STEP 4. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-18 Drive mode selector connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 8.

TSB Revision
27C-32 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector and the C-18 drive mode selector connector for damage
or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 6. Resistance measurement between the drive mode

selector connector terminals
Disconnect the C-18 connector, and measure the resistance
value between the connector terminals on the drive mode
selector side.
Switch position Terminal Normal
number conditions
2WD (FWD) 1−2 Continuity
exists (2 ohm
or less).
2−3 No continuity
4WD (AWD) 1−2 No continuity
2−3
LOCK 1−2 No continuity
2−3 Continuity
exists (2 ohm
or less).

Q: Is the measured resistance value within the standard

value range?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Replace the drive mode selector (Refer to P.27C-94).
Then go to Step 8.

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 15 seconds.
(3) Check that the meter display is correct when the drive mode
selector is switched to each position (FWD, AWD, and
LOCK).
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C1460 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-33

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position and hold there for 15 seconds.
(3) Check that the meter display is correct when the drive mode
selector is switched to each position (FWD, AWD, and
LOCK).
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C1460 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-34 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C2100: Abnormal battery voltage (Too low)

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-35
Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: C-408, C-412, C-415
ETACS-ECU

C-415
C-228

C-27 (L)
C-408 (B)
C-412 (BR) ACA02841AI
ACA02872 AH

CAUTION • Voltage between the battery and ETACS-ECU:

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an Less than 8 V
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, • Engine speed: more than 1500 r/min
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. .

.
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
OPERATION
AWD-ECU detects a power supply voltage abnormal Current trouble
drop, and if any abnormality occurs, it interrupts the • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
system. • Short to ground or open circuit between the
battery and AWD-ECU
.

DTC SET CONDITIONS Past trouble

If the following conditions are met when the system • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C2100. to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
• IG1 voltage: Less than 8 V ble P.00-16).

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Battery voltage check

Check the battery voltage.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Charge or replace the battery.

STEP 2. Voltage measurement at the ETACS-ECU

connector
(1) Disconnect the C-408 ETACS-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-408 harness side
connector terminal No. 1 and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Go to Step 3.

TSB Revision
27C-36 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the battery and the C-408
ETACS-ECU connector for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 12.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 12.

STEP 4. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 5.

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Start the engine, and continue to run at 1500 r/min or more.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2100 set?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 6. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-408, C-412, C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 12.

STEP 7. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector and the C-415 ETACS-ECU connector for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 12.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-37

STEP 8. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No.3, No. 4 (Ignition switch "ON")
and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 9.
NO : Go to Step 10.

STEP 9. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 11.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 12.

STEP 10. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.3) and the C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No.4), and the wiring harness between the C-228
AWD-ECU connector (terminal No.4) and the C-412
ETACS-ECU connector (terminal No.2) for damage or other
problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 11.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 12.

STEP 11. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Start the engine, and continue to run at 1500 r/min or more.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2100 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 12.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 12. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Start the engine, and continue to run at 1500 r/min or more.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2100 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.
TSB Revision
27C-38 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C2101: Abnormal battery voltage (Too high)

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-39
Connectors: C-408
ETACS-ECU

(B)
ACA02841AG

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
. • High-voltage short-circuit between the battery
OPERATION and AWD-ECU
AWD-ECU detects a power supply voltage abnormal • Malfunction of generator or other power sup-
increase, and if any abnormality occurs, it interrupts ply systems
the system.
Past trouble
.
• Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
DTC SET CONDITIONS NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
If the following conditions are met when the system to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- ble P.00-16).
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C2101. • Malfunction of generator or other power supply
• IG1 voltage: More than 17 V systems
• Voltage between the battery and ETACS-ECU:
More than 17 V

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Battery voltage check

Check the battery voltage.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Charge or replace the battery.

STEP 2. Generator output current check

Check if the generator is correctly operated (Refer to GROUP
16 − On-vehicle Service/Output Current Test P.16-7).
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Replace the generator.

TSB Revision
27C-40 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Voltage measurement at the ETACS-ECU

connector
(1) Disconnect the C-408 ETACS-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-408 harness side
connector terminal No.1 and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Go to Step 4.

STEP 4. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the battery and the C-408
ETACS-ECU connector for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 5. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 6.

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2101 set?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2101 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − Troubleshooting/How to Cope with
Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-41

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2101 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-42 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C211C: Abnormal IG1 power supply low voltage

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-43
Connector: C-228 Connectors: C-408, C-412
ETACS-ECU

C-408 (B)
C-412 (BR) ACA02841AH
ACA02872 AI

CAUTION PROBABLE CAUSES

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • Malfunction of IG1 relay in ETACS-ECU
. • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
OPERATION • Short to ground or open circuit between the bat-
AWD-ECU detects an IG1 power supply voltage tery and AWD-ECU
abnormal drop, and if any abnormality occurs, it
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
interrupts the system.
• Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
.

NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How

DTC SET CONDITIONS to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
If the following conditions are met when the system to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- ble P.00-16).
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- • Intermittent malfunction of ETACS-ECU (mal-
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C211C. function of IG1 relay)
• IG1 voltage: Less than 8 V
• Battery voltage: More than 9 V

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211C set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-44 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-408, C-412 ETACS-ECU connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 8.

STEP 4. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No. 4 (Ignition switch "ON") and
the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Go to Step 6.

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 6. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.4) and the C-412 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No.2) for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211C set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-45

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211C set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-46 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C211D: Abnormal IG1 power supply high voltage

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-47
.

Connector: C-228 DTC SET CONDITIONS

If the following conditions are met when the system
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con-
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi-
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C211D.
• IG1 voltage: More than 17 V
• Battery voltage: Less than 16 V
.

TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
ACA02872 AI
Current trouble
Connectors: C-408, C-412 • Malfunction of IG1 relay in ETACS-ECU
ETACS-ECU
• Damaged wiring harness and connectors
• Short or open circuit between the battery and
AWD-ECU
• Malfunction of generator or other power supply
systems
Past trouble
C-408 (B) • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
C-412 (BR) ACA02841AH NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
CAUTION to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an ble P.00-16).
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, • Intermittent malfunction of ETACS-ECU (mal-
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. function of IG1 relay)
• Malfunction of generator or other power supply
.

OPERATION
systems
AWD-ECU detects an IG1 power supply voltage
abnormal increase, and if any abnormality occurs, it
interrupts the system.

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211D set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-48 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-408, C-412 ETACS-ECU connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 8.

STEP 4. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No. 4 (Ignition switch "ON") and
the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Check if the generator is correctly operated (Refer to
GROUP 16 − On-vehicle Service/Output Current Test
P.16-8), and then go to Step 6 .

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 6. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No. 4) and the C-412 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No. 2) for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211D set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-49

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211D set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-50 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C211E: Abnormal power supply voltage (Too low)

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-51
Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: C-408, C-415
ETACS-ECU

C-415
C-228

C-27 (L)
C-408 (B)
ACA02841AF
ACA02872 AH

CAUTION • IG1 voltage: 7.5 V or more

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an • Battery power supply voltage is less than 2V
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, • Abnormal voltage in the ECU
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. .

.
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
OPERATION
• AWD-ECU detects a power supply voltage abnor- Current trouble
mal drop, and if any abnormality occurs, it inter- • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
rupts the system. • Short to ground or open circuit between the bat-
• If any abnormality occurs in the AWD-ECU, the tery and AWD-ECU
system is deactivated. • AWD-ECU malfunction
.
Past trouble
DTC SET CONDITIONS • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
If the following conditions are met when the system NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C211E. ble P.00-16).

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211E set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-52 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-408, C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 8.

STEP 4. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No.3, No.4 (Ignition switch "ON")
and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Go to Step 6.

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 6. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.3) and the C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No.4) for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211E set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-53

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211E set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-54 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C211F: Abnormal power supply voltage (Too high)

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-55
Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: C-408, C-412, C-415
ETACS-ECU

C-415
C-228

C-27 (L)
C-408 (B)
C-412 (BR) ACA02841AI
ACA02872 AH

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
. • Short to power supply between the battery and
OPERATION AWD-ECU
AWD-ECU detects a power supply voltage abnormal- • Malfunction of generator or other power supply
ity, and if any abnormality occurs, it interrupts the systems
system.
Past trouble
.
• Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
DTC SET CONDITIONS NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
If the following conditions are met when the system to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- ble P.00-16).
cators alternately, and sets the DTC C211F. • Malfunction of generator or other power supply
• Power supply voltage: 17 V or more systems
• Battery power supply voltage is less than 16 V

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Generator output current check

Check if the generator is correctly operated (Refer to GROUP
16 − On-vehicle Service/Output Current Test P.16-7).
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Replace the generator.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 3.

TSB Revision
27C-56 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211F set?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 4. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-408, C-412, C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
• C-27 intermediate connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 9.

STEP 5. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No.3, No.4 (Ignition switch "ON")
and body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Check if the generator is correctly operated (Refer to
GROUP 16 − On-vehicle Service/Output Current Test
P.16-8), and then go to Step 7 .

STEP 6. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 9.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-57

STEP 7. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.3) and the C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No.4), and the wiring harness between the C-228
AWD-ECU connector (terminal No.4) and the C-412
ETACS-ECU connector (terminal No.2) for damage or other
problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 9.

STEP 8. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211F set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 9 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 9. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C211F set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-58 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC C2208: AWD-ECU internal error

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL
COUPLING
SOLENOID

AWD-ECU

ACA02931

Connector: C-228 Connectors: D-21, D-23

D-23

D-21

ACA02875 AE
ACA02872 AI

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-59
.

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, an
incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this diagnosis, Current trouble
always diagnose the CAN bus lines. • AWD-ECU internal error
. • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
OPERATION • Short to power supply between AWD-ECU
AWD-ECU monitors the coupling solenoid wiring har- and the electronic control coupling solenoid
ness abnormality and AWD-ECU internal error, and if
Past trouble
any abnormality occurs, it deactivates the system.
• Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
.

NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How

DTC SET CONDITIONS to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
If the following conditions are met when the system to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
is activated, AWD-ECU switches the control from ble P.00-16).
AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indicators • AWD-ECU internal error
alternately, and sets the DTC C2208.
• AWD-ECU internal malfunction detection or short
to power supply at harness between AWD-ECU
and the electronic control coupling solenoid

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset after repairing the

CAN bus line.
(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position at least 3 times.
(3) Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and maintain its
position for 2 seconds.
NOTE: The coupling coil electronic control is also based on
the accelerator pedal opening degree, thus the signal is
sent to the ECU.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2208 set?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-60 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• D-21 intermediate connector
• D-23 electronic control coupling solenoid connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 6.

STEP 4. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector and the D-21 intermediate connector, and the wiring har-
ness between the D-21 intermediate connector and the D-23
electronic control coupling solenoid side connector for damage
or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 6.

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position at least 3 times.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2208 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 6 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position at least 3 times.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC C2208 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-61

DTC U0001: Bus-off error

CAUTION • IG1 voltage: 10 V or more

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, • When CAN C-bus off interruption is detected
an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this .

diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

lines.
Current trouble
• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the
• Wiring harness or connector failure of CAN bus
communication circuit is normal.
.
line
OPERATION • AWD-ECU malfunction
AWD-ECU monitors the CAN C-bus off interruption, Past trouble
and if any abnormality occurs, it interrupts the sys- • Intermittent wiring harness or connector failure
tem. NOTE: For diagnosis procedures, refer to "How
. to treat past trouble" (Refer to GROUP 00 − How
DTC SET CONDITIONS to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past Trou-
If the following conditions are met when the system ble P.00-16).
is in operation (always), AWD-ECU gradually
switches the control from AWD to FWD, flashes the
AWD/LOCK indicators alternately, and sets the DTC
U0001.

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 3.

STEP 2. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the LOCK (OFF) position to the
ON position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0001 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 3 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction such
as loose connector fit, wiring harness open circuit
(Refer to GROUP − How to Use Troubleshooting/How
to Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 3. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0001 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : This diagnosis is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-62 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC U0100: Engine CAN time-out

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

• If more than three minutes elapse after the Current trouble
ignition switch is turned ON without starting • Wiring harness or connector failure in the CAN
engine, AWD-ECU may set DTC U0100 as past bus lines between the engine control module and
trouble. AWD-ECU
• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, • Engine control module malfunction
an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this • AWD-ECU malfunction
diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus
lines. Past trouble
• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the • Refer to "How to treat past trouble" (GROUP 00 −
communication circuit is normal. How to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past
.
Trouble P.00-16) for proceeding the diagnostics.
OPERATION Diagnose mainly wiring harness or connector fail-
AWD-ECU temporarily limits the AWD functions if it ure in the CAN bus lines between the engine con-
has not received the signal from the engine control trol module and AWD-ECU, and malfunction in
module. the power supply system for the engine control
module.
.

DTC SET CONDITIONS NOTE: For a past trouble, you cannot find it by
If the following conditions are met when the system the scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics
is in operation (always), AWD-ECU gradually even if there is any failure in CAN bus lines. In
switches the control from AWD to AWD AUTO, this case, check the CAN bus lines in the same
flashes the AWD/LOCK indicators alternately, and manner as How to cope with intermittent malfunc-
sets the DTC U0001. tion (refer to GROUP 00 − How to Use Trouble-
• IG1 power supply voltage: 10 V or more shooting/How to Cope with Intermittent
• Chassis No. signal, throttle angle signal, or Malfunction P.00-15). You can narrow down the
engine speed signal cannot be received. possible cause of the trouble by referring to the
DTC, which is set regarding the CAN communi-
.

cation-linked ECUs. (Refer to GROUP 54C −

CAN Bus Line Diagnostic Flow P.54C-9.)

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Check that the bus-off error DTC is set in the engine control
system.
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Troubleshoot the engine control system (Refer to
GROUP 13A − Troubleshooting/DTC Chart
P.13A-50).
NO : Go to Step 3.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-63

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Check if a DTC, which relates to the CAN communica-
tion-linked systems below, is set.
• Combination meter
U0100: Engine CAN time-out DTC
• ETACS
U0100: Engine CAN time-out DTC
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Go to Step 5.

STEP 4. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0100 set?
YES : Replace the engine control module (Refer to GROUP
13A − Engine Control Module P.13A-1042). Then go
to Step 6 .
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction in the CAN bus lines between the engine
control module and the AWD-ECU is suspected
(Refer to GROUP 00 − How to Use
Troubleshooting/How to Cope with Intermittent
Malfunctions P.00-15). Then go to Step 5

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0100 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 6 .
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction in the CAN bus lines between the engine
control module and AWD-ECU is suspected (Refer to
GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0100 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : This diagnosis is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-64 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DTC U0121: ASC CAN time-out

CAUTION • IG1 voltage: 10 V or more

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, • ABS signal (such as wheel speed signal) cannot
an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this be received.
diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus .

lines. TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the
Current trouble
communication circuit is normal.
.
• Wiring harness or connector failure between
OPERATION ASC-ECU and the stoplight switch
AWD-ECU receives the data (such as ABS sensor • Malfunction of the ABS sensor
signal, ABS operation signal) via the CAN bus lines. • Malfunction of the stoplight switch
If it cannot receive such data, it interrupts the system. • ASC-ECU malfunction
• AWD-ECU malfunction
.

DTC SET CONDITIONS Past trouble

If the following conditions are met when the system • Refer to "How to treat past trouble" (GROUP 00 −
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- How to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- Trouble P.00-16) for proceeding the diagnostics.
cators alternately, and sets the DTC U0121.

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 07: CAN system (ASC)
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Go to Step 3.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Check if a DTC, which relates to the CAN communica-
tion-linked systems below, is set.
• Engine
U0121: ASC time-out DTC
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Go to Step 5.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-65

STEP 4. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0121 set?
YES : Troubleshoot the ASC system (Refer to GROUP 35C
− Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.35C-7). Then go to
Step 5.
NO : Go to Step 6.

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0121 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 6.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0121 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

DTC U0141: ETACS CAN time-out

.

CAUTION TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines,
an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this Current trouble
diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus • Wiring harness or connector failure in the CAN
lines. bus lines between ETACS-ECU and AWD-ECU
• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the • Malfunction of ETACS-ECU
communication circuit is normal. • AWD-ECU malfunction
.

Past trouble
OPERATION • Refer to "How to treat past trouble" (GROUP 00 −
AWD-ECU receives the data (such as drive mode How to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past
display signal, failure information signal) from Trouble P.00-16) for proceeding the diagnostics.
ETACS-ECU via the CAN bus lines. If it cannot Diagnose mainly wiring harness or connector fail-
receive such data, illuminates the AWD indicator. ure in the CAN bus lines between ETACS-ECU
. and AWD-ECU, and malfunction in the power
DTC SET CONDITIONS supply system for ETACS-ECU.
If the following conditions are met when the system NOTE: For a past trouble, you cannot find it by
is in operation (always), AWD-ECU flashes the the scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics
AWD/LOCK indicators alternately, and sets the DTC even if there is any failure in CAN bus lines. In
U0141. this case, check the CAN bus lines in the same
• IG1 power supply voltage: 8 V or more manner as How to Cope with Intermittent Mal-
• The signal output from ETACS-ECU cannot be function (refer to GROUP 00 − How to Use Trou-
received.
TSB Revision
27C-66 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

bleshooting/How to Cope with Intermittent

Malfunction P.00-15). You can narrow down the
possible cause of the trouble by referring to the
DTC, which is set regarding the CAN communi-
cation-linked ECUs. (Refer to GROUP 54C −
CAN Bus Line Diagnostic Flow P.54C-9.)

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16), Then go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 09: CAN system (ETACS)
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Go to Step 3.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Check if a DTC, which relates to the CAN communica-
tion-linked systems below, is set.
• Meter
U0141: ETACS CAN time-out DTC
• A/C
U0141: ETACS CAN time-out DTC
• Engine
U0141: ETACS CAN time-out DTC
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Go to Step 5.

STEP 4. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0141 set?
YES : Replace ETACS-ECU. Then go to Step 6.
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction in the CAN bus lines between
ETACS-ECU and AWD-ECU is suspected (Refer to
GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-67

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0141 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 6.
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction in the CAN bus lines between
ETACS-ECU and AWD-ECU is suspected (Refer to
GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0141 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : This diagnosis is complete.

DTC U0401: Engine CAN data error

CAUTION • Throttle opening angle signal: More than 100%

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, .

an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus
Current trouble
lines.
• Damaged wiring harness and connectors
• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the
• Malfunction of accelerator pedal position sensor
communication circuit is normal.
.
• Malfunction of crankshaft position sensor
OPERATION • Engine control module malfunction
AWD-ECU temporarily limits the AWD functions if an • AWD-ECU malfunction
abnormality in the throttle opening angle signal is Past trouble
detected. • Refer to "How to treat past trouble" (GROUP 00 −
.
How to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past
DTC SET CONDITIONS Trouble P.00-16) for proceeding the diagnostics.
If the following conditions are met when the system Diagnose mainly wiring harness or connector fail-
is in operation (always), AWD-ECU gradually ure between the engine control module and the
switches the control from AWD to AWD AUTO, accelerator pedal position sensor or between the
flashes the AWD/LOCK indicators alternately, and engine control module and the crank angle sen-
sets the DTC U0401. sor.
• IG1 voltage: 10 V or more

TSB Revision
27C-68 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 08: CAN data (Engine)
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Go to Step 3.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Check if a DTC related to the accelerator pedal position sensor
system or the crank angle sensor system is set in the engine
control system.
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Troubleshoot the engine control system (Refer to
GROUP 13A − Troubleshooting/DTC Chart
P.13A-50).
NO : Go to Step 4.

STEP 4. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Check if a DTC, which relates to the CAN communica-
tion-linked systems below, is set.
• Meter
U0401: DTC of engine-related failure information
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Go to Step 6.

STEP 5. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0401 set?
YES : Replace the engine control module (Refer to GROUP
13A − Engine Control Module P.13A-1042). Then go
to Step 7 .
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction between the engine control module and
the accelerator pedal position sensor, or between the
engine control module and the crank angle sensor is
suspected (Refer to GROUP 00 − How to Use
Troubleshooting/How to Cope with Intermittent
Malfunctions P.00-15). Then to Step 6.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-69

STEP 6. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Depress the throttle pedal fully.
(4) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0401 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 7 .
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction between the engine control module and
the accelerator pedal position sensor, or between the
engine control module and the crank angle sensor is
suspected (Refer to GROUP 00 − How to Use
Troubleshooting/How to Cope with Intermittent
Malfunction P.00-15).

STEP 7. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0401 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

DTC U0415: ASC CAN data error

CAUTION • IG1 voltage: 10 V or more

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, • If the received wheel speed of one or more
an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this wheels reaches or exceeds the threshold value of
diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus 4000 r/min, or the received wheel speed of one or
lines. more wheels is SNA.
• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the NOTE: SNA (Signal not available)
communication circuit is normal. .

TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
OPERATION
AWD-ECU receives the data (such as wheel speed Current trouble
sensor signal) from ASC-ECU via the CAN bus lines. • Wiring harness or connector failure between
If it detects malfunction of the wheel speed signal, it ASC-ECU and the stoplight switch
interrupts the system. • Malfunction of the ABS sensor
• Malfunction of the stoplight switch
• ASC-ECU malfunction
.

DTC SET CONDITIONS

• AWD-ECU malfunction
If the following conditions are met when the system
is in operation (always), AWD-ECU gradually Past trouble
switches the control from AWD to FWD, flashes the • Refer to "How to treat past trouble" (GROUP 00 −
AWD/LOCK indicators alternately, and sets the DTC How to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past
U0415. Trouble P.00-16) for proceeding the diagnostics.

TSB Revision
27C-70 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 07: CAN system (ASC)
• Item 16: FL wheel speed sensor
• Item 17: FR wheel speed sensor
• Item 18: RL wheel speed sensor
• Item 19: RR wheel speed sensor
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Troubleshoot the ASC system (Refer to GROUP 35C
− Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.35C-20). Then go to
Step 3 .

STEP 3. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U0415 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 4 .
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 4. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U0415 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-71

DTC U113C: Wheel speed sensor data error

CAUTION • ABS signal (such as wheel speed signal) cannot

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines, be received.
an incorrect DTC may be set. Prior to this • DTC U0121 ASC CAN time-out is not detected.
diagnosis, always diagnose the CAN bus .

lines. TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

• Before replacing the ECU, ensure that the
Current trouble
communication circuit is normal.
.
• Wiring harness or connector failure between
OPERATION ASC-ECU and the stoplight switch
AWD-ECU receives the data (such as ABS sensor • Malfunction of the wheel speed sensor
signal, ABS operation signal) via the CAN bus lines. • Malfunction of the stoplight switch
If it cannot receive such data, it interrupts the system. • ASC-ECU malfunction
• AWD-ECU malfunction
.

DTC SET CONDITIONS Past trouble

If the following conditions are met when the system • Refer to "How to treat past trouble" (GROUP 00 −
is activated, AWD-ECU gradually switches the con- How to Use Troubleshooting/How to Treat Past
trol from AWD to FWD, flashes the AWD/LOCK indi- Trouble P.00-16) for proceeding the diagnostics.
cators alternately, and sets the DTC U113C. Diagnose mainly wiring harness or connector fail-
• IG1 voltage: 8 V or more ure in the CAN bus lines between ASC-ECU and
each wheel speed sensor, or between ASC-ECU
and the stoplight switch.

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the following data list (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 07: CAN system (ASC)
• Item 16: FL wheel speed sensor
• Item 17: FR wheel speed sensor
• Item 18: RL wheel speed sensor
• Item 19: RR wheel speed sensor
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Troubleshoot the ASC system (Refer to GROUP 35C
− Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.35C-20). Then go to
Step 3.

TSB Revision
27C-72 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 3. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U113C set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 4 .
NO : A poor connection, open circuit or other intermittent
malfunction in the CAN bus lines between
ABS/ASC-ECU and each wheel speed sensor, or
between ABS/ASC-ECU and the stoplight switch is
suspected. (Refer to GROUP 00 − How to Use
Troubleshooting/How to Cope with Intermittent
Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 4. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U113C set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

DTC U1415 Variant coding not implemented

.

CAUTION DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE SET

• If there is any problem in the CAN bus lines,
CONDITIONS
an incorrect diagnostic trouble code may be
This diagnostic trouble code is set when the variant
set. Prior to this diagnosis, diagnose the CAN
coding for ETACS-ECU has not been implemented.
bus lines (Refer to GROUP 54C, CAN Bus
Diagnostics Table P.54C-16). .

• Whenever ECU is replaced, ensure that the PROBABLE CAUSES

CAN bus lines are normal. Current trouble
• When the DTC U1415 is set in AWD-ECU, the • AWD-ECU malfunction
diagnostic trouble code may also be set in • Variant coding for ETACS-ECU has not been
ETACS-ECU. When the diagnostic trouble implemented.
code is set in ETACS-ECU, carry out the diag- • Wiring harness or connector failure in the CAN
nosis of the diagnostic trouble code for bus lines between ETACS-ECU and AWD-ECU
ETACS-ECU first.
. Past trouble
OPERATION AWD-ECU DTC U1415 has not been erased.
AWD-ECU receives the vehicle information stored in
the ETACS-ECU via CAN bus lines.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DIAGNOSIS
27C-73
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). Then go to Step 4.

STEP 2. Scan tool MB991958 DTC of other systems

Use M.U.T.-III to check that the DTC B222C is set in the
ETACS-ECU.
Q: Is the DTC set?
YES : Troubleshoot the relevant diagnostic trouble code,
and then go to Step 4.
NO : Go to Step 3.

STEP 3. Check whether the DTC is reset.

(1) Erase the DTC.
(2) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(3) Check if the DTC is set.
Q: Is the DTC U1415 set?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 4 .
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction such
as loose connector fit, wiring harness open circuit
(Refer to GROUP − How to Use Troubleshooting/How
to Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 4. Check whether the DTC is reset.

Q: Is the DTC U1415 set?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : This procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-74 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
TROUBLE SYMPTOM CHART

TROUBLE SYMPTOM CHART

M1274000900075

CAUTION
During diagnosis, a DTC associated with other
system may be set when the ignition switch is
turned on with connector(s) disconnected. On
completion, confirm all systems for DTC(s). If
DTC(s) are set, erase them all.
Trouble symptom Inspection Reference pages or
procedure actions
Scan tool MB991958 cannot communicate with the 1 P.27C-75
electronic control AWD system.
The switch position of the drive mode selector does not 2 P.27C-78
match with the indicator display in the combination meter.
The tight corner braking phenomenon* appears with the 3 P.27C-83
drive mode selector in the FWD or AWD position.
NOTE: The vehicle is tuned so that the tight corner braking
phenomenon appears at a certain level with the drive mode
selector in the LOCK position.
No DTC is set even when the AWD/LOCK indicator lamps 4 P.27C-86
flash.
NOTE: *Tight corner braking phenomenon: When a
AWD vehicle makes sharp cornering in a paved road
at low speed (ex. parallel parking), there is a differ-
ence in turning radius between front and rear wheels.
If such a difference can no longer be compensated
by tire slippage, the vehicle behaves as if it is under
braking.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES
27C-75
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

Inspection Procedure 1: Scan tool MB991958 cannot Communicate with the Electronic Control AWD
System.

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY

AWD-ECU

ACA02935

TSB Revision
27C-76 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

Connector: C-228 Connectors: C-408, C-412, C-415

ETACS-ECU

C-415

C-408 (B)
C-412 (BR) ACA02841AI
ACA02872 AI

. .

COMMENTS ON TROUBLE SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

If scan tool MB991958 cannot communicate with the • Damaged wiring harness and connectors
electronic control AWD system, the CAN bus lines • AWD-ECU malfunction
may have a problem. If the electronic control AWD
system is not in operation (in case of no AWD opera-
tion), the AWD-ECU power supply circuit system or
AWD-ECU may have a problem.

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Scan tool MB991958 CAN bus diagnostics

Use scan tool MB991958 to diagnose the CAN bus lines.
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the CAN bus line (Refer to GROUP 54C −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54C-16). On completion, go to Step 2.

STEP 2. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-408, C-412, C-415 ETACS-ECU connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 8.

STEP 3. Voltage measurement at the AWD-ECU connector

(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Turn the ignition switch to the "ON" position.
(3) Measure the voltage between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No.3, No.4 (Ignition switch "ON")
and the body ground.
OK: System voltage
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO : Go to Step 4.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES
27C-77

STEP 4. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.4) and the C-412 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No.2) for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 5. Resistance measurement at the AWD-ECU

connector
(1) Disconnect the C-228 AWD-ECU connector.
(2) Measure the resistance between the C-228 wiring harness
side connector terminals No. 10 and the body ground.
OK: Continuity exists (2 ohm or less)
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Go to Step 6.

STEP 6. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.10) and the body ground for damage or
other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 8.

STEP 7. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 8.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 8. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
27C-78 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

Inspection Procedure 2: The Switch Position of the Drive Mode Selector does not Match with the
Indicator Display in the Combination Meter.

IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

OR OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-
ECU DRIVE MODE
IG1 SELECTOR
RELAY

JOINT
CONNECTOR (4)

AWD-ECU

ACA02937

Connectors: C-27, C-228 Connectors: C-412, C-417

ETACS-ECU
C-417

C-228

C-27 (L)

C-412 (BR) ACA02841AJ

ACA02872 AH

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES
27C-79
Connector: C-18

ACA02873AC

DRIVE MODE SELECTOR POSITION AND

INDICATOR DISPLAY (NORMAL)

Switch position Indicator display

Drive mode indicator
2WD (FWD) − (Not illuminated)
4WD (AWD) 4WD
LOCK 4WD, LOCK

ACA00932 AD

Drive mode selector

AC904850AC

COMMENTS ON TROUBLE SYMPTOM

• If the drive mode selector switch position and indicator dis-
play in the combination meter do not match, the drive mode
selector, wiring harness connector between AWD-ECU and
drive mode selector, wiring harness connector in the ground
circuit for the drive mode selector, AWD-ECU or combina-
tion meter may have a problem.

• AWD-ECU malfunction
.

TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS • Combination meter malfunction

• Damaged wiring harness and connectors
• Malfunction of drive mode selector

TSB Revision
27C-80 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-27 Intermediate connector
• C-18 Drive mode selector connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 9.

STEP 2. Resistance measurement between the drive mode

selector connector terminals
(1) Remove the drive mode selector (Refer P.27C-94).
(2) Measure the resistance between the following terminals.
Switch position Terminal Normal
number conditions
2WD (FWD) 1−2 Continuity
exists (2 ohm
or less).
2−3 No continuity
4WD (AWD) 1−2 No continuity
2−3
LOCK 1−2 No continuity
2−3 Continuity
exists (2 ohm
or less).

Q: Is the check result normal?

YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Replace the drive mode selector. Then go to Step 9.

STEP 3. Wiring harness check

• Wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU connector
(terminal No. 16) and the C-18 drive mode selector connec-
tor (terminal No. 3)
• Wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU connector
(terminal No. 14) and the C-18 drive mode selector connec-
tor (terminal No. 1)
Check the wiring harness above for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 4.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 9.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES
27C-81

STEP 4. Resistance measurement at the drive mode

selector connector
(1) Disconnect the C-18 drive mode selector connector.
(2) Measure the resistance between the C-18 wiring harness
side connector terminal No. 2 and the body ground.
OK: Continuity exists (2 ohm or less)
Q: Is the check result normal?
YES : Go to Step 6.
NO : Go to Step 5.

STEP 5. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-18 drive mode selec-
tor connector (terminal No.2) and the body ground for damage
or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Repair the wiring harness. Then go to Step 9.

STEP 6. Check the following connector:

Check the connectors below for improper engagement, termi-
nal damage or terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• C-412, C-417 ETACS-ECU connector
Q: Are the connectors and terminals in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 7.
NO : Repair the connector(s) or terminal(s). Then go to
Step 9.

STEP 7. Wiring harness check

Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.4) and the C-412 ETACS-ECU connector
(terminal No.2) for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 8.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 9.

STEP 8. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 9.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

TSB Revision
27C-82 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

STEP 9. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Troubleshoot the combination meter multi information
display (Refer to GROUP 54A −
Troubleshooting/CAN Bus Diagnostics Table
P.54A-74). Then diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES
27C-83

Inspection Procedure 3: The Tight Corner Braking Phenomenon* Appears with the Drive Mode
Selector in the FWD or AWD Position.

FUSIBLE IGNITION SWITCH (IG1)

LINK 34 or OSS-ECU (IG1)

ETACS-ECU

IG1
RELAY
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL
COUPLING
SOLENOID

AWD-ECU

ACA02931

TSB Revision
27C-84 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

Connector: C-228 Connectors: D-21, D-23

D-23

D-21

ACA02875 AE
ACA02872 AI

NOTE: . COMMENTS ON TROUBLE SYMPTOM

• *Tight corner braking phenomenon: When a AWD If the tight corner braking phenomenon occurs with
vehicle makes sharp cornering in a paved road at the drive mode selector being on the FWD position,
low speed (ex. parallel parking), there is a differ- the electronic control coupling may have a problem.
ence in turning radius between front and rear If the tight corner braking phenomenon occurs only
wheels. If such a difference can no longer be with the drive mode selector being on the AWD posi-
compensated by tire slippage, the vehicle tion, the data received by AWD-ECU from each ECU,
behaves as if it is under braking. the electronic control coupling, or AWD-ECU may
• The vehicle is tuned so that the tight corner brak- have a problem.
ing phenomenon appears at a certain level with .

the drive mode selector in the LOCK position. TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS

.

• Malfunction of electronic control coupling

• Malfunction of data transmitted from ASC system
• Malfunction of data transmitted from the engine
control system
• AWD-ECU malfunction

DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Check for the tight corner braking phenomenon

occurrence during driving on a flat road
Check if the tight corner braking phenomenon occurs during
driving on a flat road with the drive mode selector being on the
FWD or AWD position.
Q: Does the tight corner braking phenomenon occur?
YES : Go to Step 2.
NO : The procedure is complete.

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES
27C-85

STEP 2. Wiring harness check

NOTE: Prior to the wiring harness inspection, check the follow-
ing connectors for improper engagement, terminal damage or
terminal drawn in the connector case.
• C-228 AWD-ECU connector
• D-21 Intermediate connector
• D-23 electronic control coupling solenoid connector
Check the wiring harness between the C-228 AWD-ECU con-
nector (terminal No.1) and the D-23 electronic control coupling
solenoid connector (terminal No.2), and the wiring harness
between the C-228 AWD-ECU connector (terminal No.9) and
the D-23 electronic control coupling solenoid connector (termi-
nal No.1) for damage or other problem.
Q: Is the wiring harness in good condition?
YES : Go to Step 3.
NO : Repair damage or other problem in the wiring
harness. Then go to Step 7.

STEP 3. Scan tool MB991958 data list

Check the data list for the items below (Refer to P.27C-87).
• Item 10: FWD SW
• Item 11: LOCK SW
• Item 15: AWD mode
• Item 16: FL wheel speed sensor
• Item 17: FR wheel speed sensor
• Item 18: RL wheel speed sensor
• Item 19: RR wheel speed sensor
• Item 26: Throttle position
Q: Does the service data meet the standard value range?
YES : Go to Step 5.
NO (Item10 or 11) : Perform the troubleshooting of the drive
mode selector (refer to P.27C-30). Then go to Step 4.
NO (Item16 to 19) : Perform the troubleshooting of the ABS
system (Refer to GROUP 35C −
Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.35C-20). Then go to
Step 4.
NO (Item26) : Perform the troubleshooting of the engine
control system (Refer to GROUP 13A −
Troubleshooting/DTC Chart P.13A-50). Then go to
Step 4.

TSB Revision
27C-86 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
SYMPTOM PROCEDURES

STEP 4. Check for the tight corner braking phenomenon

occurrence during driving on a flat road
Check if the tight corner braking phenomenon occurs during
driving on a flat road with the drive mode selector being on the
FWD position.
Q: Does the tight corner braking phenomenon occur?
YES (Coil current is 0 A) : Measure the coil current when
the tight corner braking occurs. If the coil current
measures 0 A, replace the electronic control coupling
(Refer to P.27C-95). Then go to Step 5.
YES (Coil current is other than 0 A) : Measure the coil
current when the tight corner braking occurs. If the
coil current is other than 0 A, go to Step 5.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 5. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Replace AWD-ECU (Refer to P.27C-93). Then go to
Step 6.
NO : The trouble can be an intermittent malfunction (Refer
to GROUP 00 − How to Use Troubleshooting/How to
Cope with Intermittent Malfunctions P.00-15).

STEP 6. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Replace the electronic control coupling (Refer to
P.27C-95). Then go to Step 7.
NO : The procedure is complete.

STEP 7. Retest the system.

Q: Does the malfunction occur again?
YES : Diagnose again from Step 1.
NO : The procedure is complete.

Inspection Procedure 4: No DTC is set even when the AWD/LOCK Indicator Lights Flash.

• If the AWD-ECU power supply voltage is approxi-

.

COMMENTS ON TROUBLE SYMPTOM mately 6.5 V or less when the system is in opera-
• In case that the AWD/LOCK indicator flashes but tion (always), the CPU of AWD-ECU
no DTC is set, the AWD-ECU power supply cir- automatically shuts down. At this time, if the AWD
cuit system or AWD-ECU may have a problem. control is in operation, it switches to the FWD
control. AWD-ECU cannot set the DTC because
the CPU shuts down. In addition, the combination
meter determines the AWD-ECU time-out, and
flashes both AWD and LOCK indicators.
.

PROBABLE CAUSES
• Damaged wiring harness and connectors
• AWD-ECU malfunction

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DATA LIST REFERENCE TABLE
27C-87
DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Check if 4WD/LOCK Indicator Lights flash

simultaneously
(1) Turn the ignition switch from the "LOCK" (OFF) position to
the "ON" position.
(2) Check that the 4WD/LOCK indicator lights flash
simultaneously when the drive mode selector is switched to
4WD (AWD) position, or LOCK position.
Q: Does the 4WD/LOCK Indicator Lights flash
simultaneously?
YES : • When the drive system fluid temperature warning
display illuminates in the combination meter, cool
down the electronic control coupling.
• When the drive system fluid temperature warning
display does not illuminate in the combination
meter, referring to "Inspection Procedure 1: Scan
tool MB991958 cannot Communicate with the
Electronic Control AWD System<ECU power
supply circuit system check> ", perform the check
P.27C-75.
NO : Referring to the Inspection Chart for Trouble
Symptoms, perform the check P.27C-74.

DATA LIST REFERENCE TABLE

M1274001000150
Scan tool can read the following items among vari-
ous control data (input data from each ECU and
switch) used by the electronic control AWD system.
SYSTEM IS NORMAL.
Item No. Check item Check condition Normal condition
01 Vehicle speed Perform a test run of the vehicle. The speedometer
(AWD calculated display and the
value) scan tool display
almost agree with
each other.
02 Ignition power Ignition switch: ON 9 − 16 V
supply voltage
03 Coupling torque • Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) 0 − 730 N⋅m (0 −
• Perform a test run of the vehicle. 538 ft-lb)
04 Coupling current • Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) The current
(command • Perform a test run of the vehicle. changes between
value) 0 and 3 A.
(Command value
and actual value
agree with each
other.)

TSB Revision
27C-88 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DATA LIST REFERENCE TABLE

Item No. Check item Check condition Normal condition

05 Coupling current • Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) The current
(monitor value) • Perform a test run of the vehicle. changes between
0 and 3 A.
(Command value
and actual value
agree with each
other.)
06 Coupling • Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) 0 − 200°C (0 −
temperature • Perform a test run of the vehicle. 392°F)
NOTE: Due to
road surface
condition the load
to coupling varies,
thus the
temperature
indication
changes.
07 CAN system Ignition switch: When ASC-ECU data is correctly OK
(ASC) ON received
When ASC-ECU data reception error No reception
occurs
08 CAN system Ignition switch: When engine control module data is OK
(engine) ON correctly received
When engine control module data No reception
reception error occurs
09 CAN system Ignition switch: When ETACS-ECU data is correctly OK
(ETACS) ON received
When ETACS-ECU data reception error No reception
occurs
10 FWD SW Ignition switch: Drive mode selector: 2WD (FWD) ON
ON Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) OFF
Drive mode selector: LOCK OFF
11 LOCK SW Ignition switch: Drive mode selector: LOCK ON
ON Drive mode selector: 2WD (FWD) OFF
Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) OFF
15 AWD mode Ignition switch: Drive mode selector: 2WD (FWD) FWD
ON Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) AWD
Drive mode selector: LOCK AWD LOCK
16 FL wheel speed Perform a test run of the vehicle. The speedometer
sensor Check that there is difference between the right wheel display and the
17 FR wheel speed speed and the left wheel speed when the vehicle turns. scan tool display
sensor almost agree with
each other.
18 RL wheel speed
sensor
19 RR wheel speed
sensor

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DATA LIST REFERENCE TABLE
27C-89
Item No. Check item Check condition Normal condition
21 Engine speed Perform a test run of the vehicle. The tachometer
display and the
scan tool display
almost agree with
each other.
23 Ignition position ON ON
START START
26 Throttle position Ignition switch: Release the accelerator pedal. Approximately 0%
ON Gradually depress the accelerator 0 − 100%
pedal.
Fully depress the accelerator pedal. Approximately
100% (within
100%)
28 Limited torque Perform a test Usually −
run of the When ASC works and AWD-ECU limits 0 − 730 N⋅m (0 −
vehicle. the torque in cooperation control with 538 ft-lb)
ASC
NOTE: Electronic control AWD will limit
occasionally the rear wheel
transmission torque in cooperation
control with ASC. When this limit is
applied, the limited torque will be
shown.

SYSTEM SHUT-DOWN
Scan tool display data does not agree with the actual
data when AWD-ECU deactivates the AWD control
function by the fail-safe function.

TSB Revision
27C-90 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
ACTUATOR TEST TABLE

ACTUATOR TEST TABLE

M1274001100061
Scan tool can be used to forcibly activate the elec- CAUTION
tronic control coupling and indicators (AWD indicator When the item No. 01 is checked, the speed dif-
and LOCK indicator) in the combination meter ference between front and rear wheels must be 5
according to the following items. km/h (3 mph) or lower. If the speed difference
NOTE: . exceeds 5 km/h (3mph), AWD-ECU changes from
• If AWD-ECU is deactivated by the fail-safe func- the actuator test mode to the normal control
tion, no actuator test can be performed. mode.
• As for the item No. 01, the chassis dynamometer
is used to check the AWD torque. A simple AWD
status check method, however, can be applied by
checking whether a tight corner braking phenom-
enon appears during driving.
Actuator test specifications
.

Item No. Check item Driven component Operating

duration
01 AWD coupling control torque Drive the electronic control coupling with Maximum
the control torque of 0 N⋅m to 730 N⋅m (0 10 seconds
to 538 ft-lb).
02 AWD mode AWD LOCK Maximum 1
minute
AWD Maximum 1
minute
FWD Maximum 1
minute

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
CHECK AT ECU TERMINALS
27C-91
CHECK AT ECU TERMINALS
M1274009000046

C-228

AC904851AD

Terminal Check item Check condition Normal condition

No.
1 Current command value • Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) 0 to 3 A
of electronic control • Perform a test run of the vehicle.
coupling solenoid
3 Electronic control Always System voltage
coupling solenoid power
supply
4 Ignition power supply Ignition switch: ON System voltage
voltage Ignition switch: OFF 1 V or less
9 Electronic control • Drive mode selector: 4WD (AWD) 0 to 3 A
coupling solenoid • Perform a test run of the vehicle.
current monitor value
10 Ground Always 1 V or less
14 Drive mode selector Ignition switch: Drive mode selector: 2WD 1 V or less
FWD signal ON (FWD)
Drive mode selector: 4WD System voltage
(AWD) or LOCK
16 Drive mode selector Ignition switch: Drive mode selector: LOCK 1 V or less
LOCK signal ON Drive mode selector: 2WD System voltage
(FWD) or 4WD (AWD)

TSB Revision
27C-92 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE

ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
CHECK OF ELECTRONIC CONTROL COUPLING
M1274005700203

SIMPLE OPERATION CHECK OF ELECTRONIC

CONTROL COUPLING
1. Raise the vehicle.
2. Mark the front and rear tires for easy identification of tire
rotation.
3. Adjust the parking brake lever to the normal conditions.
(Refer to GROUP 36 − On-vehicle Service, Parking Brake
Marking Lever Stroke Check and Adjustment P.36-8.)
4. Pull the parking brake lever by two notches.
NOTE: Activating the parking brake slightly prevents the
drive force transferring to the rear wheels by a friction in the
electronic control coupling. If the following FWD mode is
ACA00948 AB checked without the parking brake activation, the drive force
is transferred to the rear wheels by a friction in the electronic
control coupling.
5. Start the engine, and move the shift lever into the D position.
6. Depress the accelerator pedal gradually, and maintain the
vehicle speed at approximately 10 km/h (6.0 mph).
7. Switch the drive mode selector to the FWD mode, and check
that the rear wheels are under FWD control (At this time, the
AWD/LOCK indicators in the combination meter do not
illuminate).
8. Stop the engine.
9. Start the engine again, and move the shift lever into the D
position.
10.Depress the accelerator pedal gradually, and maintain the
vehicle speed at approximately 10 km/h (6.0 mph).
CAUTION
The following checks in the AWD mode must be completed
within one minute in total to protect the AWD drive system
components and parking brake.
11.Switch the drive mode selector to the AWD mode, and
check that the rear wheels are rotating. (At this time, the
AWD indicator in the combination meter illuminates.)
After the above checks are completed, if the rear wheel rotation
satisfies the above conditions, it is judged that the electronic
control coupling operates correctly. If the rear wheel rotation
does not satisfy the above conditions, replace the electronic
control coupling. (Refer to P.27C-95.)

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
AWD-ECU
27C-93
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT BETWEEN
ELECTRONIC CONTROL COUPLING SOLENOID
CONNECTOR TERMINALS

Electronic Disconnect the D-23 connector, and measure the resistance

control coupling
value between the connector terminals on the electronic control
coupling side. If the measured resistance value is out of the
standard value range, replace the electronic control coupling
(Refer to P.27C-95).
Standard value: 2.2 − 4.0 Ω
1 2

D-23
AC707679 AE

AWD-ECU
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
M1274009200051

Pre-removal and post-installation operation

Removal and installation of the instrument panel cover lower
(Refer to GROUP 52A − Instrument Center Panel P.52A-7.)

11 ± 4 N·m
97 ± 35 in-lb

2
7.0 ± 3.0 N·m
62 ± 26 in-lb AC904851AC

Removal steps
1. 4WD-ECU
2. 4WD-ECU bracket

TSB Revision
27C-94 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
DRIVE MODE SELECTOR

DRIVE MODE SELECTOR

REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
M1274007900128
Drive mode selector Refer to GROUP 52A − Front Floor Console Assembly
P.52A-9.

AC904850AC

DRIVE MODE SELECTOR CHECK

M1274008000065

Switch position Terminal Normal

number conditions
2WD (FWD) 1−2 Continuity
exists (2 ohm
or less).
2−3 No continuity
4WD (AWD) 1−2 No continuity
AC703686AB
2−3
LOCK 1−2 No continuity
2−3 Continuity
exists (2 ohm
or less).

TSB Revision
 ELECTRONIC CONTROL AWD
ELECTRONIC CONTROL COUPLING
27C-95
ELECTRONIC CONTROL COUPLING
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
M1274002100138

Differential Electronic control

side coupling side
3

6 5
7

9.8 ± 1.9 N·m

87 ± 17 in-lb
Semi-drying sealant:
ThreeBond 1215, 1216, 1217 or
2 equivalent
54 ± 5 N·m 48 ± 6 N·m
40 ± 3 ft-lb 36 ± 4 ft-lb 4 AC905472 AE

Removal steps
1. Propeller shaft assembly (Refer to
GROUP 25 − Propeller Shaft
P.25-6.)
2. Cover
3. Breather hose connection
4. Connector connection
5. Bracket
A 6. Electronic control coupling
7. Washer

INSTALLATION SERVICE POINT

.

>>A<< ELECTRONIC CONTROL COUPLING

INSTALLATION
1. Check that the length of the electronic control coupling stud
bolt (A) is within the standard value range.
Standard value: 22.3 − 25.1 mm (0.88 − 0.99 inch)
A
2. If it exceeds either of the limits, clean the threads for the
electronic control coupling and replace the stud bolt.
Tightening torque: 15 ± 3 N⋅m (11 ± 2 ft-lb)

Electronic control
coupling
AC703699AB

TSB Revision
NOTES