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Experiment # 10 Study and Implementation of Series DC Circuit Using Multisim

This experiment involves building and analyzing a series DC circuit in Multisim software. [1] Key concepts like Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's voltage law, and how total resistance and voltage behave in series circuits are reviewed. [2] A circuit with four resistors in series is constructed and the total resistance, current, and individual voltage drops are calculated and measured. [3] The results validate that Kirchhoff's voltage law holds true when the algebraic sum of the voltage rises and drops around the loop equals zero.

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Zeshan Naseer
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444 views5 pages

Experiment # 10 Study and Implementation of Series DC Circuit Using Multisim

This experiment involves building and analyzing a series DC circuit in Multisim software. [1] Key concepts like Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's voltage law, and how total resistance and voltage behave in series circuits are reviewed. [2] A circuit with four resistors in series is constructed and the total resistance, current, and individual voltage drops are calculated and measured. [3] The results validate that Kirchhoff's voltage law holds true when the algebraic sum of the voltage rises and drops around the loop equals zero.

Uploaded by

Zeshan Naseer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT # 10

Study and Implementation of Series DC Circuit using Multisim.

1.0 Objective
After performing this experiment, you will be able to:
i. Use Ohm’s law to find the current and voltages in a series circuit.
ii. Apply Kirchhoff’s voltage law to a series circuit.

2.0 Theory
Consider the simple circuit illustrated in Figure 1. The source voltage is the total current
multiplied by the total resistance as given by Ohm’s law. This can be stated in equation
form as:
𝑉𝑠 = 𝐼𝑇𝑅𝑇

Figure 1 Figure 2

In a series circuit, the circuit elements are connected with only one path for current.
For this reason, the current is the same throughout a series circuit.
Whenever we connect resistors in series, the total resistance increases. The total
resistance of a series circuit is the sum of the individual resistors. Figure 2 illustrates a
series circuit with two resistors. The total resistance is:

𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅1+𝑅2

Substituting this equation into Ohm’s law for the total circuit gives:

𝑉𝑆 = 𝐼𝑇(𝑅1+𝑅2)

Multiplying both terms by 𝐼𝑇, results in:


𝑉𝑆 = 𝐼𝑇𝑅1+ 𝐼𝑇𝑅2
Since the identical current,𝐼𝑇,must flow through each resistor, the voltage drops
across the resistors can be found:

𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉1+ 𝑉2

This result illustrates that the source voltage is equal to the sum of the voltage drops
across the resistors. This relationship is called Kirchhoff’s voltage law, which is
more precisely stated:

The algebraic sum of all voltage rises and drops around any single closed loop in
a circuit is equal to zero.

It is important to pay attention to the polarity of the voltages. Current from the source
creates a voltage drop across the resistors. The voltage drop across the resistors will
have an opposite polarity to the source voltage as illustrated in Figure 2. We may apply
Kirchhoff ’s voltage law by using the following rules:

1. Choose an arbitrary starting point. Go either clockwise or counterclockwise from


the starting point.

2. For each voltage source or load, write down the first sign you see and the
magnitude of the voltage

3. When you arrive at the starting point, equate the algebraic sum of the voltages to
zero.

3.0 Software
 Multisim

4.0 Components
• Resistors (One 330Ω, one 1.0 kΩ, one 1.5 kΩ, one 2.2 kΩ)
• DC Power Supply
• Digital Multi-meter

5.0 Procedure

• Construct the circuit shown in Figure 3 in Multisim. Measure the total resistance of
the series connection:
𝑅𝑇= 5.03kΩ

• Compute the current in the circuit by substituting the source voltage and the total
resistance into Ohm’s law. That is:

Figure 3
• Record the computed current in Table 1. Place an Ammeter between node A
and resistor R1. Start the simulation and confirm that your computed current is
within experimental uncertainty of the measured current.

Computed Value Measured Value

𝑰𝑻 2.9mA 2.982mA

𝑽𝑨𝑩 3V 2.98.8V

𝑽𝑩𝑪 4.5V 4.47V

𝑽𝑪𝑫 6.5V 6.556V

𝑽𝑫𝑬 1V 0.98V

Table 1
• In a series circuit, the same current flows through all components. (Can you think
of a simple proof of this?) You can use the total current measured in step 2 and
Ohm‘s law to compute the voltage drop across each resistor. Compute 𝑣𝐴𝐵 by
multiplying the total current in the circuit by the resistance between A and B.
Record the results as the computed voltage in Table 1.

• Repeat step 2 for the other voltages listed in Table 1.


• Measure and record each of the voltages listed in Table 1 using Multi-meter.
• Using the source voltage (+15 V) and the measured voltage drops listed in Table
1, prove that the algebraic sum of the voltages is zero. Do this by applying the
rules listed in the Summary of Theory. Assign polarities of voltages before
applying Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law.
• Repeat step 7 by starting at a different point in the circuit and traversing the
circuit in the opposite direction.
• Open the circuit at point B. Measure the voltage across the open circuit. Call this
voltage V open. Prove that Kirchhoff‘s voltage law is still valid for the open circuit.
• Attach simulation results with lab report.

LAB REPORT:

Simulation result 1 :
Fig.
No.1
Total

Resistance
Fig. No.2
Current & Voltage Out Put
6.0 Conclusion:

In this experiment:
1. conclude that, in series circuit the current is same throughout the

circuit.
2. the voltage increases in the series. There can also be slight

difference in computed and measured values.


3. DMM is a reliable tool which allows to calculate accurately and

flawlessly.

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