HAWASSA UNIVERSITY 1

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
School of Water Resources Engineering

CONSTRUCTION PLANNING and

MANAGEMENT
(CEng 4173)
CHAPTER-1
Basic of construction planning and
management
March, 2020
Gashaw A. (MSc)
 Contents

1.1 Construction Industry

1.2 Key players in Construction

1.3 Introduction to Project

Management Body Of Knowledge
(PMBOK)

1.4 Effective Project Management

1.5 Overview of Construction Project

Phases
 1.1 Construction Industry

❑ Construction industry is a major player in economic

development of a country by generating employment and
creating wealth to the nations.
❑ According to many literatures the contribution of
construction industry to national GDP ranges between 6-
9%.
❑ Historical records asserted that Ethiopia was one of
the technological advanced country in Africa since 400
A.D with its civilization which is symbolized by some of
remains of marvelous architectural works.
1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry (Cont’d…)

Late 12th century

5
In the 17th and 18th century
Debre Damo monastery, constructed around the mid-6th century.
 1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Cont’d…)
❖ Modern construction in Ethiopia
❑ Until few decades ago major construction works in the
country were executed mainly by expatriates (foreign
professionals) taking the lead with the participation of local
professionals.

❑ Some projects constructed under those expatriates include:

✓ The bridge over river Abay
✓ The hydropower dam at Koka
✓ The Gefersa water supply dam
✓ The municipality hall and most recently
✓ The Melkawakena hydropower
 The old
Abay bridge
(1936) The new Abay
bridge
(2008)

Koka Dam under construction

Around 1957
 1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Cont’d…)

Addis Ababa City Hall

Construction commenced in 1961 and was completed in 1964

The structure features various spaces – the hall, boardroom, reception

room, cinema-theatre, restaurant, 4 bars, library, and panoramic
terrace – making it a social as well as an administrative centre
1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Cont’d…)

Contribution of Ethiopian construction industry

to GDP between 2002-2008 G.C.
 1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Cont’d…)
❖ Modern construction in Ethiopia

❑ Exposure of local professional with foreign companies enabled them to

share their experience.

❑ Few of benefits gained include:

✓ Domestic Construction and Consulting firms increased significantly

✓ Efforts were made to enable the domestic companies to play the

leading role in the industry

✓ Capacity of some government institutions such as Ethiopian roads

authority (ERA), Addis Ababa city roads authority (AACRA),
Construction design share company (CDSC) etc…was also being
strengthen.
 1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Cont’d…)
❖ Major Construction activities for the last 20 years

❑ Road sector

✓ RSDPI-RSDP III was successfully completed and RSDP IV is started

❑ Building sector

✓ Universities

✓ Health centers

✓ Integrated housing development

❑ Water supply, Hydropower and Irrigation

✓ Gilgel Gibe I, II and III, Beles, Tekeze and the Grand Renaissance dam
 13 1.1 Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Cont’d…)
❖ Major Construction activities for the last 20 years
 1.2 Key Players in Construction
❑ The management of construction involves many people with diverse
interests, talents and backgrounds.

❑ The Owner, the Design professional and the Contractor are the primary of
parties,

❑ Others elements which are deemed vital elements of the project team
include

✓ Subcontractors, Suppliers, Bankers, insurance and bonding

companies, attorneys and public agency officials, etc…

❑ All these are vital elements of the project team whose interrelated roles
must be coordinated to assure a successful project.
 1.2 Key Players in Construction(Cont’d…)

❑ The Client: Who is the initiator and owner of the project (public or private)

❑ The Consultant: transfers the wish of the owner into realizable form and makes

the study, design and possibly the supervision.

❑ The Contractor: is the one who performs the work.

❑ Insurance Companies: they Provides bonds such as Bid bond, Performance bond,

Payment bonds…

❑ Banks: provide the working capital for contractors

❑ Suppliers: Provide equipment, materials or machineries.

❑ Permitting agency: Check the construction project with respect to the law.
1.2 Key Players in Construction (Cont’d…)
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK

❑ The Project Management Body of Knowledge is the sum

of knowledge within the profession of project
management.
❑ As with other professions such as law, medicine, and
accounting, the body of knowledge rests with the
practitioners and academics who apply and advance it.
❑ The complete Project Management Body of Knowledge
includes proven traditional practices as well as
innovative practices that are emerging in the
profession.
❑ The PMBOK has three distinct sections within itself.
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)
❖ Section I: The Project Management Framework
❑ It provides a basic structure for understanding project
management by defining key terms and describing the
project life cycle and organization.
❖ Section II: The Standard for Project management

❑ It specifies all the project management processes that are

used by the project team to manage a project and;
❑ It describes the five required Project Management
Process Groups for any project which are:
✓ Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring + controlling
and Closing processes group
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)

❖ Section II: The Standard for Project management of a

Project
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)
❖ Section III: The Project Management Knowledge Areas
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)

❖ Section III: The Project Management Knowledge Areas

i. Project Integration Management

✓ Describes the processes and activities that integrate

the various elements of project management.

ii. Project Scope Management

✓ Describes the processes involved in ascertaining that

the project includes all the work required, and only
the work required, to complete the project
successfully
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)

❖ Section III: The Project Management Knowledge Areas

iii. Project Time Management

✓ Describes the processes concerning the timely completion

of the project. It consists of the Activity Resource and
Duration Estimating, Schedule Development, and Schedule
Control project management processes

iv. Project Cost Management

✓ Describes the processes involved in planning, estimating,

budgeting, and controlling costs so that the project is
completed within the approved budget.
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)
❖ Section III: The Project Management Knowledge Areas
v. Project Quality Management
✓ Describes processes involved in assuring the project will
satisfy the objectives it was undertaken.

vi. Project Human Resource Management

✓ Describes the processes that organize and manage the
project team.
vii. Project Communications Management

✓ Describes the processes concerning the timely and

appropriate generation, collection, dissemination, storage
and ultimate disposition of project information.
 1.3 Introduction to PMBOK (Cont’d…)

❖ Section III: The Project Management Knowledge Areas

viii. Project Risk Management
✓describes the processes concerned with
conducting risk management on a project.
ix. Project Procurement Management
✓describes the processes that purchase or acquire
products, services or results, as well as contract
management processes.
 1.4 Effective Project Management
❑ Effective project management requires that the
project management team understand and use
knowledge and skills from at least five areas of
expertise:
✓ The Project Management Body of Knowledge
✓ Application area knowledge, standards, and
regulations
✓ Understanding the project environment
✓ General management knowledge and skills
✓ Interpersonal skills.
 1.4 Effective Project Management (Cont’d…)

❑ EPM requires that the project management team understand

and use knowledge and skills from at least five areas of
expertise explained briefly on next slides:
i. The Project Management Body of Knowledge
✓ Describes knowledge unique to the project management
field and that overlaps other management disciplines.

ii. Application area knowledge, Standards, and Regulations

✓ Application areas: categories having common elements
significant in projects, but are not needed or present in
all projects.
 1.4 Effective Project Management (Cont’d…)

✓ A standard: is a “document established by consensus and approved by a

recognized body.

✓ A regulation: is a government-imposed requirement, which specifies

product, process or service characteristics

iii. Understanding the project Environment

✓ Virtually all projects are planned and implemented in an environmental

context, and have intended and unintended positive and/or negative
impacts.

✓ The project team should consider the project in its cultural, social,
international, political, and physical environmental contexts
 1.4 Effective Project Management (Cont’d…)

iv. General management knowledge and skills

✓ General management encompasses planning,
organizing, staffing, executing, and controlling the
operations of an ongoing enterprise.
v. Interpersonal Skills
✓ Effective communication: The exchange of
information
✓Influencing the organization: Ability to “get things
done”
✓Leadership: Developing a vision and strategy, and
motivating people to achieve that vision and strategy
 1.4 Effective Project Management (Cont’d…)

✓Motivation: Energizing people to achieve high levels of

performance and to overcome barriers to change.
✓Negotiation and conflict management: Consulting with
others and reaching 0n mutual agreement.
✓Problem solving: The combination of problem definition,
alternatives identification and analysis, and decision-
making.
 1.5 Overview of Construction Project Phases

A.Pre-Project Phase
❑ At this stage the owner will decide:
✓ What sort of project delivery system will be used?

✓ How will the various parties be related?

✓ Will the owner engage a design professional to

prepare plans and specifications and then contract
separately with a construction contractor? Or, will a
single entity be responsible for the entire project?

✓ The type of contract to be used with the

contractor?
 1.5 Overview of Construction Project Phases
(Cont’d…)
B. Planning and Design Phase
❑ At this stage:
✓ Feasibility study of the project will be conducted.
✓ Complete design for the construction will be made.
✓ Contract documents necessary for the project will
be prepared.

C. Project Mobilization Phase

❑ At this stage:
✓ Bonds, licenses and insurances must be secured and
a detailed program/schedule must be prepared.
 1.5 Overview of Construction Project Phases
(Cont’d…)

C. Project Mobilization Phase

✓ The worksite must be organized, with provisions for

access and delivery, storage areas and site security.
✓ The process of obtaining materials and equipment to be
incorporated into the project must be initiated and
arrangements for labor, the other essential resource,
must be organized.
D. Project Operation Phase
❑ At this stage:
✓ Monitoring and control, Resource management and
Documentation and communication will take place.
 1.5 Overview of Construction Project Phases
(Cont’d…)
D. Project Operation Phase

✓ Assigning and supervising personnel and assuring that the labor effort
is sufficiently productive to meet schedule, cost and quality goals.

✓ In addition, materials and plant must be managed so that these same

goals are met.

E. Project Closeout and Termination Phase

❑ At this stage:

✓ Testing and startup tasks,

✓ Various inspections and remedial work,

✓ Closing the construction office and terminating temporary staff’s

employment.
 1.5 Overview of Construction Project Phases
(Cont’d…)
E. Project Closeout and Termination Phase
✓ Approvals and certifications that allow the
contractor to receive final payment, a set of as-
built drawings that include all changes made to the
original design, operating manuals, warranties and a
final report.
✓ Transferring and archiving project records and
conducting some sort of project critique and
evaluation.
✓ Operator training may also be part of the
contractor’s contractual responsibilities if needed.
THANK YOU!!
36

 Find at least 3 construction projects that are currently

undergoing or closed and
 Point out the objective of the project
 Mention the owner , consultant and contractor