8 Bit Password security system

OBJECTIVES:
 Using XOR gates as bit comparators.
 To Build password security system using XOR, NOR with diodes, switches and
resistors.
 Using NOR gates as controlled inverters.

Introduction to 8-bit password security system using Xor and

Nor:
The idea is of this system is that the 8 switches “Key Code Switches” acts as holding the correct
password for unlocking the lock. On the other hand, the other 8 switches “Data Entry
Switches”acts as data entry points where the code is to be entered to open the lock. The “Key
Code Switches” have static value and is hidden from the person who is trying to open the lock.
If the person who is trying to open the lock enters the code at “Data Entry Switches” which is
similar to the code kept static at the “Key Code Switches” then the green LED will light up and
the lock will open while, if he enters the wrong code then the red LED will lit up which is an
alarming situation that some wrong person is unlocking the lock.

EQUIPMENTS
 4001 IC (NOR gate)
 Two 4070 ICs ( XOR gate)
 Two, Eight-position DIP switches
 Two light-emitting diodes.
 Four 1N914 “switching” diodes
 Eighteen 10kΩ resistors
 Two 470 Ω resistors
 Pushbutton switch, normally open
 One 9 volt battery
 VaroBoard
 Soldering iron, wire and paste

1
XOR GATE:
An Exclusive OR or xor gate is a digital logic gate with two or more inputs and one output that
implements XOR logic.if both of an xor gate inputs are high or if both of it's inputs are low,then
the output is low.if one input is high and the other is low, then the output is high.

( Pin configuration of IC 4070)

NOR GATE:
Nor gate is a digital logic gate with two or more inputs and one output that implements NOR
logic. HIGH output results if both the inputs to the gate are LOW; if one or both input is HIGH, a
LOW output results. NOR is the result of the negation of the OR operator.

( Pin configuration of IC 4001)

2
1N914 Switching diode :
The 1N914 is a small signal diode which can handle low voltage and low current. The diode can
switch at high speed and hence normal used in switching applications and not in rectifier
applications. In forward biased case, it behaves as closed switch and In reverse biased case, it
behaves as open switch.

Dip switch:
A DIP switch is a set of small switches in a DIP (dual in-line package) that is used to change the
operating mode of a device.

Resistor:
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance
as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow.

3
Push button:
A push-button or simply button is a simple switch mechanism to control some aspect of a
machine or a process.

Soldering:
Soldering is a process in which two or more items are joined together by melting and putting a
filler metal into the joint, the filler metal having a lower melting point than the adjoining metal.
Unlike welding, soldering does not involve melting the work pieces.

4
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

470Ω

V1
470Ω
9V

R12
10kΩ

S9
Key = Space
V2
9V

10kΩ 10kΩ

Circuit construction and operation:

Each xor gate gets one input from the data entry switches and other input from the key code
switches. The Xor gate gives low output when both inputs are high or low and gives high output
when one input is high and the other is low. This property of XOR makes it bit comparator and it
will compare the entered code with secret code.if both are same, output will be low and it will
results high output when both codes are different. resistors connected to switches are used to
reduce the current flow. The diodes whose anodes are connected to the outputs of the xor
gates and cathodes are common with negative terminal of the battery through resistor behave
as OR gates. Hence at common cathodes terminal, signal would be high if output of any xor
gate is high. The one inputs of the Nor gates are connected to the end of push-button to which
positive terminal of the battery is connected through resistor. The other input of one Nor gate
is directly connected to the common cathode terminal and other input of other Nor gate is
connected to the common Cathode terminal through inverter. The outputs of these Nor gates
are connected to the green and red leds though resistors. These Nor gates behave as controlled
gates which allow to glow one led at a time according to the code.When the entered password
is correct, green led glows and when the entered password is incorrect,red led glows. When the

5
push button is open,no led glows and when the push button is closed, one led glows.so the
push-button controls the led to glow.

Applications:
The project can be used for locking or unlocking a door or any security
system. An alert would be produced if there is any wrong attempt and a
door open if the attempt is right. The project can be used for
security purposes in home, offices, organizations etc. This proposed
system provides a user friendly security system for organizations and
homes. This system is password based and allows only authorized person
to access it with a password. It also has the provision of changing
the password.

Procedure:
 Connect the ICs ,Resistors, diodes and switches on the varoboard by soldering
according to the the circuit diagram.
 Wire the pins 7 & 14 of Three IC’s to Vcc& GND respectively.
 Wire one end of the switches with Vcc.
 Wire one end of resistors to GND.
 Now connect the other end of the switches to the resistors and wire it to the gates
of XOR IC.
 Now the outputs of the XOR gates are sent as inputs through diodes in NOR IC and is
grounded with help of resistor simultaneously.
 Connect the led lights (green & red) and ground them with help of resistors.

Conclusion
The password security system is useful in the places where security is needed.The system
doesn't allow unauthorized person to access to connected device.The circuit uses the bit
comparator function of xor gate.if somebody enters the password , the system will compare the
password with secret password and if both are same,then system will access to connected
device and green LED will glow indicating entered password is correct.In case of incorrect
password, system will not access to connected device and Red LED will glow indicating entered
password is wrong.

6
Major Challenges faced
During completing project we faced some problems such as:

When we implemented the circuit on veroboard,some wires had connected

each other and during soldering some points became common .Two 1N4148
diodes were out of order which showed no proper result.

Final Results
When entered password matches with saved password, yellow LED glows and when entered
password not match with saved password,then red LED glows for indication.

References
 LAB manual of digital logic design
 ALL ABOUT CIRCUIT website
 Digital Integrated Circuit chap#07 from book

7
Implemention on Multisim:
When the entered password is correct, Green Led glows.

470Ω

V1
470Ω
9 V

R12
10kΩ

S9
Key = Space
V2
9 V

10kΩ 10kΩ

When the entered password is incorrect, Red Led glows.

470Ω

V1
470Ω
9 V

R12
10kΩ

S9
Key = Space
V2
9 V

10kΩ 10kΩ

8
When the entered password is correct, Green Led glows.

wrong password is entered, Red Led glows.

for any information about that project

contact here +923157576213
M.Azeem