Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III - - Central Luzon
Schools Division OF CITY OF MEYCAUAYAN
MEYCAUAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Camalig, City of Meycauayan, Bulacan

GRADE 7-MODULE 1
COMPUTER SCIENCE
Quarter 1- Week 3-4
HARDWARE COMPONENTS OF A
COMPUTER

Prepared by:
PAOLO A. RIVERA
Teacher I
Introduction
For the facilitator:

This module is about Hardware components of a computer. Learner will have to

answer the pre-test, self- test and post-test on a separate sheet .
For the learner:
To learn most from this module, here are some tips that you have to remember.
1. Before proceeding to the lessons, don’t forget to take the pretest. Your score in the
test will give you an idea how much time you need to devote to each lesson.
2. Read the instructions and bear in mind precautionary measures.
3. Make sure that the needed materials are already prepared before doing any of the
activities.
4. Always answer the Self-Test and compare your answers to the key to correction.
5. For you to know how much you have learned from the module, answer the posttest!

Time to Explore

DURATION – Quarter I –WEEK 3 AND 4

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
to understand about the Hardware components of a computer . The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

OBJECTIVES

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. understand how computer works;

2. learn the uses of memory, processor, and storage;
3. identify the classification of computers; and
4. differentiate input, output, and storage device.
 What’s Up? (PRE-TEST)

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Write TRUE on the blank if the statement is correct. Otherwise, replace the underlined
word to make it correct.

___________1. Motherboard manages all other computer parts, monitors their

mutual communication, and performs arithmetical-logical operations.

___________2. Protocol describes a manner in which communication between

devices is defined.

___________3. Working on a computer without a monitor would be possible.

___________4. Working on a laptop without a mouse would be possible.

___________5. Integrated Circuit is a super -thin slice of semi-conducting

material packed with microscopic circuit elements.

___________6. Desktop computer is used by individuals who have the need to

travel with a computer.

___________7. Processor clock speed, amount of cache, and number of kernels

affect the performance of a computer.

___________8. The main function of a mouse is to transmits hand movements

and the screen display the cursor movements
___________9. Cache is a small capacity memory which allows quick access to
data.

___________10. Byte is the basic unit used to measure the amount of

information.
 Lesson
1 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations

and operations based on instructions provided by software or hardware
program. It can accept data, process it and then produce outputs.
Computer can serve many purposes, but in order to do this, it needs
various parts or components. This lesson will help you to understand and
introduce the major computer parts and how computer hardware works.
Digital electronics is the foundation of modern computers and digital
communications. Massively complex digital logic circuits with millions of gates
can now be built onto a single integrated circuit such as microprocessor and
these circuits can perform millions of operations per second.

1. Computer Chips
It is also known as microchip or chip, is a type of integrated
circuit. Computer chips have a phenomenal rate of performance over
time and were considered as a revolutionary device. Computer chips are
a necessary part of every computer.
Without computer chips, computers would
still be the size of a house or whole room.
The invention of a computer chip enabled
nearly everyone in the United States to own
a computer. Without a computer chips you
would not be reading this article today.
Chips fit together with the use of a
system board commonly called a
motherboard. A motherboard, the
computer`s main circuit board, houses all
essential chips and provides connecting
circuitry between them.
Source:
https://www.wisegeek.com/
what-is-a-computer-chip.htm

2. Microprocessor
A microprocessor is an Integrated
Circuit (IC) which incorporates core
functions of a computer`s central
processing unit (CPU). It is a
programmable multipurpose silicon chip,
clock, driven, registered based, accepts
binary data as input and provides output
after processing it as per instruction stored in the memory.

Source: http://www.cpu-world.com/
 CPUs/Core_2/index.html

A microprocessor is sometimes known as processor. It is the most

significant component of a computer and usually the most expensive
single component. It can also easily be identified because it is the largest
chip on the motherboard. Depending on the brand and model, a
microprocessor might be housed in SEC (Single Edge Contact Cartridge)
or in square PGA (Pin Grid Array).
3. Computer Memory

It is a generic term for all of the

different types of data storage technology
that a computer may use, including RAM,
ROM, and flash memory. Some types of
computer memory are designed to be very
fast, meaning that the central processing
unit (CPU) can access data stored there
very quickly. Other types are designed to
be very low cost, so that large amounts of
data can be stored there economically.

Source: https://computer.howstuffwors.
com/computer-memory.htm

BASIC TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES

1. CD (Compact Disk) – is an optical disc used for data storage. The

standard capacity of a CD is 700MB. CD-R is used for reading and
writing of data, while CD-RW is for reading and writing data multiple
times.
2. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) -  it is a type of optical media used for
storing digital data. It is the same size as a CD, but has a larger storage
capacity.
3. Blu-ray disc (BD) – it is an optical disc format such as CD and DVD. It
was developed for recording and playing back high-definition (HD) video
and for storing large amounts of data.
4. Memory Card – is a type of flash memory used to store data in digital cameras,
cell phones, MP3 players, etc.
5. USB (Universal Serial Bus) stick or Flash Drive – is a data storage device.
It is the most popular connection used to connect a computer to devices
such as digital cameras, printers, scanners, and external hard drives.
USB is a cross-platform technology that is supported by most of the
major operating systems.

COMMON COMPUTER DEVICE

INPUT DEVICES

1. Mouse – It transmits hand movements and the screen display the cursor
movements.
2. Trackball – It is not movable unlike the mouse . It is an input device used to
enter motion data into computers or other electronic devices. It serves
the same purpose as a mouse but is designed with a moveable ball on
the top, which can be rolled in any direction.
 3. Keyboard – It is basically a board of keys. Along with the mouse, the
keyboard is one of the primary input devices used with a computer. They
can also be wired or wireless.
4. Scanner - it is an input device that scans documents such as
photographs and pages of text. When a document is scanned, it is
converted into a digital format. This creates an electronic version of the
document that can be viewed and edited on a computer.
5. Joystick - an input device that control a character or machine in a
computer program, such as a plane in a flight simulator. They look like
the control device you would find on an arcade game, but nearly always
include extra buttons for additional functionality.
6. Microphone – is a device that converts sounds into an electrical signal
which can be stored in the computer.
7. Webcam - is a camera that connects to a computer. It captures either
still pictures or motion video, and with the aid of software, can transmit
its video on the Internet in real-time.
8. Digital Camera - is a hardware device that takes photographs and stores
the image as data on a memory card. 
9. Touchpad – it is used for transmission of hand movement, but unlike
working with a mouse, the user is the one who determines the position of
the cursor by touching the pad.
10.Light pen- it is light-sensitive pointing input device commonly used to
select or otherwise modify text or data on a screen. Used with
a CRT monitor, these devices were an early form of manipulating and
highlighting data on the screen. 

KEYBOARD

Source:https://www.amazon.com/
Thai-English-Wired-Computer-
Keyboard/dp/B0002JP072

MOUSE TRACKBALL

Source: https://tyshen.en.made-in- Source:https:www.officedepot.com

china.com/product/ySzxHIFVCmrb/ /a/products/989412/Logitech-
China-Computer-Mouse-of-2016- M570-Wireless-Trackball-Mouse-
New-Model.html Black/

TOUCHPAD LIGHT PEN

Source:https://uk.pcmag.com/comp Source:https://www.computerhop
uter-mice/5171/logitech-t650- e.com/jargon/l/lightpen.htm
wireless-rechargeable-touchpad

SCANNER

Source:https://www.computerhope.c
om/jargon/o/optiscan.htm
 JOYSTICK

Sourcehttps://www.computerhope.com/jargon/j/joyst MICROPHONE
ick.htm
Source:https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/
m/microphone.htm

WEBCAM DIGITAL CAMERA

Source:https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/w/we Source:https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d
bcam.htm /digicame.htm

OUTPUT DEVICES
1. Projector – it is used to project presentation or an image from other
devices such as DVD players and Blu-ray player onto a canvass or a
wall.
2. Monitor – it displays the image from the computer.
3. Speaker – it is an output device that connects to a computer or a laptop
to generate sound.
4. Printer – is one example of output device that takes the data stored on a
computer and generates a hard copy.
 PROJECTOR
PRINTER
Source; https://www.computerhope.com
Source: https://www.computerhope.com /jargon/p/projecto.htm
/jargon/p/printer.htm
 SPEAKER

Source: https://www.amazon.com/Speakers-
Channel-Computer-Desktop-
Blackmputer/dp/B077YF375X

MONITOR

Source: https://www.computerhope.com
/jargon/m/monitor.htm

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS
1. PERSONAL COMPUTER (PC) – It is intended for personal use. It is
larger in size, inconvenient to carry, and consumes more electricity but
has a cheaper price, better performance ration and easier to upgrade.
2. LAPTOP OR TABLET PC – it is portable and more efficient and nearly as
powerful as PC. It runs off AC power or batteries, such as NiMH, NiCad,
or Li-ion packs, for several hours.
PORTABLE DIGITAL DEVICES
1. Smartphone – a device that allows to do more aside from sending text
and making phone calls. It can browse the Internet and run software
programs like computer.
2. Personal Data Assistant (PDA) – it is a handheld computer. It can prove
good solution for less demanding users and mobile phones can easily
connect.
3. Mobile Phone – it is a portable device that is used for long distance
communication. It functions includes text messaging, Email, internet
access. Contact registration, clock, alarm, recording etc.,
COMPUTER SYSTEM UNIT
1. Motherboard – It is the basic circuit of a computer which all the
computer components are connected.
2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) – It is considered as the “Brain” of the
computer. It manages all the parts of the computer and it performs an
arithmetical-logical operation.
3. Cache - is a high-speed access area that's a reserved section of
main memory or an area on the storage device.
4. Connectors or Ports – It is the hole or connection that is found either in
front or back side of the computer.
5. Modem – a hardware device that connects the computer to a broadband
network. It connects computer to the Internet.
6. Graphics Card -  It is used to create a picture on a display. Image
quality depends on the strength of these components.
7. Soundcard -  is an expansion card or IC for producing sound on a
computer that can be heard through speakers or headphones.
8. Protocol – it is a standard used to define a method of exchanging data
over a computer network, such as local area network, Internet, Intranet,
etc. 
9. CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) – used for reading CD
media.
10.Floppy Disk – it has a capable of storing electronic data especially a
computer file.
11. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) – a place for permanent data storage. It does
not disappear even when the computer shuts down.
12. RAM (Random Access Memory) - is a hardware device that allows
information to be stored and retrieved on a computer.
13. ROM (Random Access Memory) – a type of permanent internal
memory that is used solely for reading.
14. DVD Drive- used for reading disk that has capacity ranges from
4.7GB up o 18GB.

COMMON INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS

1. Universal Serial Bus (USB) - it is used to connect different

devices like USB memory, Keyboard, mouse, speaker etc.,
2. Firewire – a connecting equipment for computers and audio devices
like digital cameras.
3. Serial Port - used to connect a serial device to the computer and
capable of transmitting one bit at a time. 
4. Network Port – it used to connect computers to a network.
5. Parallel Port - The parallel port is found on the back of the computer
and is part of the motherboard.

ACTIVITY 1

Direction: Answer the following question. Write your answer on a

separate sheet of paper

1. Explain why a storage device and a touchscreen can be classified as

both input and output device.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. What are the advantages of using Laptop or Tablet PC over a Personal

Computer?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What do you think will be the effect if we open more applications and
running them simultaneously?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 2
Direction: Identify the computer concepts represented by the following
acronyms. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper
1. IC - _______________________________________________________________

2. CD -_______________________________________________________________

3. HDD -______________________________________________________________

4. RAM - _____________________________________________________________

5. DVD -______________________________________________________________

6. SECC -_____________________________________________________________

7. USB -______________________________________________________________

8. ROM -______________________________________________________________

9. PC -________________________________________________________________

10.PDA -_________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 3
Direction: Classify the following words below if it is Input, Output
or Storage device and write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Input/Output/Storage Sorting Activity

Memory Card Mouse Projector DVD

USB Touchpad Printer Scanner
Blu-ray disk Joystick Monitor Compact Disk
Microphone Speaker

INPUT OUTPUT STORAGE

B. Using the following words above, answer the following question and write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
___________1. it is used to project presentation or an image from other devices
such as DVD players and Blu-ray player onto a canvass or a wall.
___________2. It is a hardware device that takes photographs and stores the
image as data on a memory card. 
___________3. It is an input device designed to manipulate objects on the
computer screen by clicking, double clicking, dragging and pointing on it.
___________4. It is a piece of computer hardware used to input text, characters
and other commands into a computer.
___________5. It is a piece of computer hardware that displays the video and
graphic information generated by the computer.

What’s Up?

Write TRUE on the blank if the statement is correct. Otherwise, replace the underlined
word to make it correct
___________1. Desktop computer is used by individuals who have the need to
travel with a computer.

___________2. Processor clock speed, amount of cache, and number of kernels

affect the performance of a computer.

___________3. The main function of a mouse is to transmits hand movements

and the screen display the cursor movements

___________4. Cache is a small capacity memory which allows quick access to

data.

___________5. Byte is the basic unit used to measure the amount of

information.

___________6. Motherboard manages all other computer parts, monitors their

mutual communication, and performs arithmetical-logical operations.

___________7. Protocol describes a way communication between devices is

defined.

___________8. Working on a computer without a monitor would be possible.

___________9. Working on a laptop without a mouse would be possible.

___________10. Integrated Circuit is a super -thin slice of semi-conducting

material packed with microscopic circuit element

References

BOOK
Claour, Julius P.,'Tech Book Series: Mastering Information and Multimedia
Technology Computer Concepts with office productivity tools Grade 7 2017’, pg 18-30.

Website

https://techterms.com/definition/keyboard

https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/l/lightpen.htm
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/w/webcam.htm

COMPUTER KEY ANSWER G7 : MODULE 1 WEEK 3 and

PRETEST POST TEST

1. CPU 1. LAPTOP
2. TRUE 2. TRUE
3. Impossible 3. TRUE
4. TRUE 4. TRUE
5. TRUE 5. TRUE
6. LAPTOP 6. CPU
7. TRUE 7. TRUE
8. TRUE 8. Impossible
9. TRUE 9. TRUE
10. TRUE
10.TRUE

ACTIVITY 1
** Answer may vary
ACTIVITY 2
1. Integrated Circuit
2. Compact Disk
3. Hard Disk Drive
4. Random Access Memory
5. Digital Versatile Disk
6. Single Edge Contact Cartridge
7. Universal Serial Bus
8. Read Only Memory
9. Personal Computer
10. Personal Digital Assistance

ACTIVITY 3

INPUT OUTPUT STORAGE

Mouse Printer Memory Card

Touchpad Monitor Blu-ray disk

Joystick Projector DVD

Scanner Speaker Compact Disk

Microphone USB

1. PROJECTOR
2. DIGITAL CAMERA
3. MOUSE
4. KEYBOARD
5. MONITOR