DATA AQUISITION
Dr. JOVITHA JEROME
Professor and Head
Dept of Instrumentation and Control Systems Engg.
PSG College of Technology
Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
Data Acquisition (DAQ)
DAQ system
Transducer
Signals & Signal Conditioning
DAQ Hardware
DAQ Software
Research Projects
Conclusion
DATA ACQUISITION(DAQ)
Fundamental task of a Data Acquisition or
DAQ system is to measure or generate
real-world physical signals.
Data acquisition typically involves
acquisition of signals, waveforms and
processing the signals to obtain desired
information
Data acquisition is the sampling of the real
world signals to generate data that can be
manipulated by a computer.
Acquired data are displayed, analyzed, and
stored on a computer.
DATA ACQUISITION(DAQ)
LabVIEW offers a graphical programming
environment optimized for data acquisition
Data acquisition begins with the physical
phenomenon or physical property of an object
which includes,
- the temperature or temperature change of a
room
- the intensity or intensity change of a light
source
- the pressure inside a chamber
- the force applied to an object
DAQ system
DAQ system consists of:
Transducers
Signal Conditioning
Plug-in DAQ device
Driver
Software
DAQ system
DAQ System Overview
Transducer
Signal
Signal
Conditioning
DAQ
Hardware
DAQ
Software
Transducer
A transducer converts a physical
phenomena into a corresponding
measurable electrical signal, such as
voltage, current, change in resistance or
capacitor values .
Specific transducers are used for
different applications, such as
measuring temperature, pressure, fluid
flow.
Signal Classification
Signals may be digital or analog depending on
the transducer used.
Digital Signals
-Two levels – High/On, Low/Off
-Two types of information - State, Rate
Analog Signals
-Continuous signal
-Three types of information – Level,
Shape and Frequency
Signal Conditioning
Signal Conditioning takes a signal that is
difficult for your DAQ device to measure and
makes it easier to measure.
Signal Conditioning is not always required.
Signals of interest include - sound, images,
biological signals such as ECG, radar signals.
Signal processing is the analysis, interpretation,
and manipulation of signals.
Signal Processing
Processing of such signals includes –
Amplification
Linearization
Isolation
Filtering
Storage and Reconstruction
Separation of information from noise (aircraft
identification by radar)
Compression (image compression), and
Feature extraction (speech-to-text conversion)
Signal Processing
Analog signal processing - for signals that have not been
digitized
Digital signal processing - for signals that have been
digitized
Statistical signal processing - analyzing and extracting
information from signals based on their statistical
properties
Audio signal processing - for electrical signals
representing sound, such as speech or music
Speech signal processing - for processing and
interpreting spoken words
Image processing - in digital cameras, computers, and
various imaging systems
Video processing - for interpreting moving pictures
Array processing - for processing signals from arrays of
sensors
DAQ Hardware
DAQ hardware turns your PC into a
measurement and automation system.
DAQ hardware is what usually interfaces
between the signal and a PC.
DAQ can be connected to the
computer's ports (parallel, serial, USB,
etc...) or cards connected to slots (PCI,
ISA) in the mother board
DAQ Hardware Overview
Sensors
Your Signal
DAQ Device
Computer
Cable
Terminal Block
DAQ Signal Accessory
3 Connectors
Quadrature Encoder
Relay
Digital Trigger
4 LEDs (reverse logic)
Counter I/O
Function Generator
Function Generator
Frequency Control
Temperature Sensor
Temperature Sensor
Noise Control
Analog Input
Analog Output
Components of a DAQ Device
MUX ADC
RTSI
DAC
Digital
Counter
Computer I/O
Driver Software
Driver software that usually comes
with the DAQ hardware, allows the
operating system to recognize the
DAQ hardware and programs to
access the signals being read by
the DAQ hardware.
DAQ Software
MAX stands for Measurement & Automation
Explorer
MAX provides access to all your National
Instruments DAQ, GPIB, IMAQ, IVI, Motion,
VISA, and VXI devices
Used for configuring and testing devices
Functionality broken into:
– Data Neighborhood
– Devices and Interfaces
– Scales
– Software
– Remote Systems
NI-DAQmx Express
Most applications can use the DAQ
Assistant Express VI
Data Logging
A data acquisition system is a
device designed to measure and
log some parameters. The
purpose of the data acquisition
system is generally the analysis of
the logged data and the
improvement of the object of
measurements.
Measurement Software
Framework
Telemedicine Model
D
ECG COMPUTER- Remote
Internet
A Virtual Doctor
Patient Instrument
Q
Biomedical Virtual Networking
Instrumentation Instrumentation
Biomedical Instrumentation + VI + Networking = Telemedicine
Structural noise reduction in
NDT
Real Time Power Factor Correction and
Harmonic Analysis in Three Phase Power
System Using DAQmx
Acquire the three phase load voltage through DAQmx.
LabVIEW computes current, the power factor, active
power, reactive power, real power and energy.
Determine the harmonic frequency and harmonic
distortion factor of voltages and currents.
To send all the parameters from the consumers premises
over the Internet to the Electricity Board.
To calculate the electricity bill in the Electricity Board
premises and send to the consumer over Internet
Schematic Diagram
REAL TIME POWER MONITORING AND
MEASUREMENT
ANALYSIS OF ULTRASONIC SIGNALS FOR
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION USING
LabVIEW
Summary
MAX has virtual channels, test panels,
custom scales, and software updates to help
configure and test your system
The LabVIEW DAQ palettes contains all the
functions necessary for your data
acquisition program
Most DAQ devices have four standard
elements: analog input, analog output,
digital I/O, and counters.
Thus Data Acquisition measures or
generates real-world physical signals
