BASIC PRINCIPLES

The basic principles of the 1999 National Plumbing Code of the Philippines is an update of the
tenets established in the “Plumbing Law of the Philippines” approved on 18 June 1955 as amended on
28 November 1959.

The basic goal of the 1999 National Plumbing Code of the Philippines is to ensure the
unqualified observance of the latest provisions of the plumbing and environmental laws.

Principle No. 1 – All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy or use shall be provided with a
supply of pure and wholesome water, neither connected with unsafe water supplies nor subject to
hazards of backflow or back-siphonage.

Principle No. 2 – Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water in sufficient
volume and at pressure adequate to enable them to function satisfactorily and without undue noise
under all normal conditions of use.

Principle No. 3 – Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water
consistent with proper performance and cleaning.

Principle No. 4 – Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed as to prevent
dangers from explosion through overheating.

Principle No. 5 – Every building having plumbing fixtures installed and intended for human habitation,
occupancy or use on premises abutting on a street, valley, or easement where there is a public sewer,
shall be connected to the sewer system.

Principle No. 6 – Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a sewer or with a private sewage-
disposal system shall have at least one water closet and one kitchen-type sink. Further, a lavatory and
bathtub or shower shall be installed to meet the basic requirement of sanitation and personal hygiene.

Principle No. 7 – Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non-absorbent material, free from
concealed fouling surfaces and shall be located in ventilated enclosures.

Principle No. 8 – The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to safeguard
against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may
be readily cleaned.

Principle No. 9 – All pipings of plumbing systems shall be of durable NAMPAP-APPROVED materials, free
form defective workmanship, designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers to ensure
satisfactory service.

Principle No. 10 – Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a
water-sealed trap.

Principle No. 11 –The drainage piping system shall be designed to provide adequate circulation of air
free from siphonage, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary use.
Principle No. 12 – Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to preempt clogging and the
return of foul air to the building.

Principle No. 13 – Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such test to effectively disclose all leaks and
defects in the workmanship.

Principle No. 14 –No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy the pipes
or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage-disposal process shall be allowed to enter the
building drainage system.

Principle No. 15 – Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water, sterile
goods, and similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the fixture, device, or appliance
shall be connected indirectly with the building drainage system.

Principle No. 16 – No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment which is not properly
lighted and ventilated.

Principle No. 17 – If water closets or other plumbing fixtures are installed in buildings where there is no
sewer within a reasonable distance, suitable provision shall be made for disposing of the building
sewage by some accepted method of sewage treatment and disposal, such as a septic tank

Principle No. 18 – Where a plumbing drainage system may be subject to backflow of sewage, suitable
provision shall be made to prevent its overflow in the building.

Principle No. 19 – Plumbing system shall be maintained in serviceable condition by Registered Master
Plumbers.

Principle No. 20 – All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced, to be accessible for their
intended use.

Principle No. 21 – Plumbing shall be installed by Registered Master Plumbers with due regard to the
preservation of the strength of structural members and the preventions of damage to walls and other
surfaces through fixture usage.

Principle No. 22 – Sewage or other waster from a plumbing system which may be deleterious to surface
or sub-surface waters shall not be discharged into the ground or into any waterway, unless first
rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable form of treatment.

SANITARY PLUMBING SYSTEM

SANITARY FITTINGS
Plumbing is the practice,materials and fixtures used in the installation or maintenance of all pipes
in connection with both water supply and sanitary systems within or adjacent to any building.The
entire system of piping,fittings and the appurtenances are known as plumbing system.Sanitary
plumbing systems includes the pipes,fittings are the appliances used in a house plumbing
system,to receive the human excreta and sullage wastes of the house.Sanitary fittings are:

 Water closets(WC)
 Urinals
  Flushing cistern for water closets
 Bath tubs
 Washing basins
 Kitchen sinks

The water waste is generated through the sanitary fittings.The provision of an efficient sanitary
plumbing system for collection and movement of the waste water to the nearest municipal sewer
is an important aspect of the building construction.

PRINCIPLES OF SANITARY PLUMBING SYSTEMS

1. For better maintenance of Waste Water treatment system,the sanitary pipes should be
preferably laid into the ground by the side of the building rather than in walls or
underground.
2. Vertical pipes in buildings should be kept outside and accommodated in shafts,to avoid
their bad appearance.
3. Horizontal pipes should be laid straight and at grade between inspection chambers.
4. All sharp bends and junctions should be avoided and made through inspection chambers.
5. The entire plumbing system should be ventilated
6. The house sewer should be connected to the street sewerkeeping the outfall level of the
house sewer sufficiently higher than the water level of the public sewer to avoid
backflow.
7. The plumbing system should contain enough number of traps,to avoid evolution of foul
smells and the efficient function.
8. Laterals should be laid at sufficient slope as so to develop self-cleansing velocities.
9. The joints of the pipes should be made watertight.
10. The layout of the system should be such as to permit easy cleaning in case of blockage.
11. High quality sewer pipe should be used in the system.
12. Possibilities of formation of air locks,siphon age,deposits,etc,.should be properly studied
and remedies should be accommodated in the design to avoid them.
13. Rainwater

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
LAOANG CAMPUS
Written
Report
(Utilities II)

Submitted by:
Edbert Tulipas
Rodman Francisco
Noime Burja
~Student~