Module in General Mathematics

INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE

Welcome Dear Marians to School Year 2020-2021!

TO OUR BELOVED LEARNER: Adhering with the regulations of the ‘New

Normal’, St. Mary’s College of Tagum, Inc.
– Senior High School, has opted to
Praised be Jesus and Mary! choose distance learning with two
Now and Forever… resources: Online and Offline. This
module is your offline resource for this
We welcome you to your Learning Module school year.
1 for the first quarter of the academic year,
2020-2021. In light of the changes that we This module hopes to engage you in
have adopted due to these trying times, learning independently at your own pace
we are beyond grateful that you chose to and your own time. Furthermore, this also
stay here with us! aims to help you acquire the needed 21 st-
century skills while taking into
This module was written, designed, consideration your needs and
developed, and reviewed collaboratively circumstances – especially in this time of
by your senior high school teachers and the pandemic.
coordinators - of which the materials were
derived from both public and private We hope that you will be enabled to
educational institutions. This is to ensure process the contents of the learning
that the quality of the learning content is in resource while being an active learner. We
par with the competencies you need to pray that you will face adversities head-on
complete the subject. through the Transformative Ignacian-

1|Page
Module in General Mathematics

WHAT’S INSIDE?
This gives you an idea of the skills or competencies you
Learning Targets are expected to learn in the module.

This activity acts as a motivation for your incoming lesson

at hand. If you have garnered a favorable score (through
Initial Task the teacher’s evaluation), decide to skip this part of the
module.

This portion contains the key words of the lessons with the
Unlocking designated definitions in context of the subject matter.
Difficulties

This is an activity or a thought-provoking question to verify

Activating Prior your previous knowledge of the lesson.
Knowledge

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This

Lecturette aims to help you discover and understand new concepts
and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

Assessment solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.

This includes questions to be filled for you to process what

Lesson Reflection you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity which will help you

Final Task transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.

*Descriptions and Icons are derived from the Alternative Delivery Mode Material from the Department of Education

Your Gentle Reminders:

 Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises – however, this is optional.
 Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
 Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks.
 Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
Competency Represent real-life situations using functions,
 Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
including evaluation and operations on functions.

2|Page
Module in General Mathematics

1
In this module, we aim that you, in the long run and on your own will be able to present futuristic results
from current human activities to become socially aware as to maximize God given opportunities.

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

a. evaluate a function and derive the value of a given function f(x) by using some of the
permissible values of x to get the value of y; and
b. perform operations on functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
composition of functions.

Initial Task
Cut that Strip of Paper!

Materials:
 As many strips of papers of any length as you can have.
 Scissors
 Paper and pen

Follow the steps and fill out the table as you go along.
Step 1 Fold the strip in half.
Step 2 Cut the folded strip once.
Step 3 Count the number of pieces made then write this number on the appropriate column in the table.
Step 4 Repeat step 1, 2, 3 as many as you can.

Number of cuts 0 1 2 3 4 6
Number of pieces

Questions:
1. What pattern can you make out of the values in the table?
2. Without cutting the strip of paper, use the pattern you made to determine the number of pieces for 6 cuts,
7 cuts, and then 8 cuts. Describe how you got the number of pieces.
3. What if you had 21 pieces, how many cuts did you make? Describe how you solved this problem.

Unlocking of Difficulties
The following are the key words and challenging terms used in this module:

3|Page
Module in General Mathematics

 Function – given sets X and Y, a function is rule that assigns each element x in X to only one
element y in Y.
 Algebraic expression –A mathematical expression that consists of variables, numbers and
operations.
 Composition of functions –Another way of combining two functions.

Bible Verse

Genesis 22:17 - Indeed I will greatly bless you, and I will greatly multiply your seed
as the stars of the heavens and as the sand which is on the seashore; and your seed shall
possess the gate of their enemies.

Lecturette
Evaluation of a Function
Concept
 The previous activity teaches you how to evaluate a given function.

 Finding a value of a given algebraic expression is to substitute the value(s) of the variables(s)
given to the expression.
 To evaluate a given function f(x) is the same as finding the function value given the value of the
variable x by substituting this value for the function. These values of x must belong to the domain
of the function.

Steps in evaluating a function:

3xy – 2x + 5 when x = -1 and y = 2

Step 1: Substitute the given values in the expression.

Ex. 3(-1)(2) -2(-1) + 5 = ?
Step 2: Perform the indicated operations
Ex. -6 + 2+ 5 = 1
Note: You can use any calculator.
Example 1
Evaluate each expression given the value(s) of the variable(s).
1. 3xy – 2x + 5 when x = -1 and y = 2

4|Page
Module in General Mathematics

2. 2x2 – 3x + 4 when x = 2
3. X3 + 3x2 – 5x + 3 when x = ½
4. √ 16−x 2 when x = - 4
2 x +5
5. when x = 1
x +3

Solutions:
1. 3xy – 2x + 5 when x = -1 and y = 2 2. 2x2 – 3x + 4 when x = 2

Step 1 Step 1

3(-1)(2) -2(-1) + 5 = ? 2(2)2 – 3(2) + 4 =?

Step 2 Step 2

-6 + 2+ 5 = 1 2(4) – 3(2) + 4 = 6

3. X3 + 3x2 – 5x + 3 when x = ½ 4. √ 16−x 2 when x = - 4

Step 1 Step 1

1 1 1
( 2 )3+ 3( 2 )2 - 5( 2 ) + 3 = ? √ 16−(−4)2= ?
Step 2 Step 2

1 3 5 11
( 8 ) + ( 4 )- ( 2 ) + 3 = ( 8 ) √ 16−16 = 0

2 x+ 5
5. when x = 1
x +3
Step 1
2 ( 1 ) +5
(1 ) +3
= ?

Step 2

3+5 7
1+ 3
= 4
Example 2

5|Page
Module in General Mathematics

Evaluate the following functions according to the given conditions.

1. f(x) = x2 + 2x – 1 where the values given are assumed to be from the domain of the function.

a. x=2 b. x = a c. x = -a d. x = a + h

2. f(x) = 2x4 + x3 – 2x2 + 5x - 7 where the values given are assumed to be from the domain of the
function.

b. x = -1 b. x = 0 c. x = 2 d. x = -2

Solutions:

1. a. f(2) = 22 + 2(2) – 1 = 7

b. f(a) = a2 + 2(a) – 1 = a2 + 2a -1

c. f(-a) = (-a)2 + 2(-a) – 1 = a2 – 2a – 1

d. f(a + h) = (a + h)2 + 2(a + h) - 1

= a2 + 2ah + h2 + 2a + 2h – 1

= a2 + h2 + 2ah + 2a + 2h -1

2. a. f(-1) = 2(-1)4 + (-1)3 – 2(-1)2 + 5(-1) – 7 = -13

b. f(0) = 2(0)4 + (0)3 – 2(0)2 + 5(0) – 7 = -7

c. f(2) = 2(2)4 + (2)3 – 2(2)2 + 5(2) – 7 = 35

d. f(-2) = 2(-2)4 + (-2)3 – 2(-2)2 + 5(-2) – 7 = -1

6|Page
Module in General Mathematics

ASSESSMENT:

Name: _______________________________________________________ Score: __________

Section: _____________________________________________________ Date: ___________
Evaluate the following expressions and functions according to the given conditions:
Write your answers on the provided box.
1
1. 3x – 5 a. when x = b. when x = 2
3
Solutions:

2. x(x + 1)(x – 3)(x – 5) a. when x = 2 b. when x = -1

Solutions:

1
3. x3 – 2x2 + 6x – 8 a. when x = -1 b. when x =
4
Solutions:

4. 2x4 + x3 – x2 – 1 a. when x = 0 b. when x = -2

Solutions:

5. (x + 2)3(x – 3) + 6 a. when x = -3 b. when x = 2

Solutions:

7|Page
Module in General Mathematics

6. f(x) = x2 + 2x
1
a. f(-2) b. f( ) c. f( √ 2 )
2

Solutions:

1
7. g(x) = x +
x
1
a. g(5) b. g(√ 3 ) c. g( )
3

Solutions:

8. f(x) =3x2 + 2x + 1
a. f(0) b. f(2) c. f(-1)

Solutions:

9. f(x) = 4x + 5
a. f(1) b. f(2) c. f(3)

Solutions:

2 x 2−1
10. h(x) =
x+ 3
a. h(0) b. h(2) c. h(-1)

Solutions:

8|Page
Module in General Mathematics

Lecturette

Operations on Functions
Concept
 The operations on functions use the properties of the operations on algebraic expressions. It
applies the rules on combining similar terms and simplifying the results. Each of the operation
produces a new function.

Let f(x) and g(x) be two functions defined in their respective domains. These functions can be combined to
form a new function h(x) defined as follows:

Sum: h(x) = f(x) + g(x)

Difference: h(x) = f(x) – g(x)
Product: h(x) = f(x)g(x)
f (x )
Quotient: h(x) =
g ( x)

Example 1
Given the functions f(x) = 2x – 3 and g(x) = x 2 – x, find:
1. ( f + g )(x)

Solution:
1. ( f + g )(x) = f(x) + g(x)
= (2x – 3) + (x2 – x) Substitute
= 2x – 3 + x2 - x Distributive Property
= x2 + 2x – x – 3 Combine like terms
= x2 + x – 3

9|Page
Module in General Mathematics

Example 2
Given the functions f(x) = 2x – 3 and g(x) = x 2 – x, find:
2. ( g - f )(x)

Solution:
2. ( g - f )(x) = g(x) - f(x)
= (x2 – x) - (2x – 3) Substitute
= x2 – x - 2x + 3 Distributive Property
= x2 – 2x – x + 3 Combine like terms
= x2 – 3x + 3

Example 3
Given the functions f(x) = 2x – 3 and g(x) = x 2 – x, find:
3. ( fg )(x)

Solution:
3. ( fg )(x) = f(x)g(x)
= (2x – 3) (x2 – x) Substitute
= 2x3 – 3x2 – 2x2 + 3x F. O. I. L. Method & Combine like terms
= 2x3 – 5x2 + 3x

Example 4
Given the functions f(x) = 2x – 3 and g(x) = x 2 – x, find:
g
4. ( )(x)
f

Solution:
g g ( x)
4. ( )(x) =
f f (x )
x2 – x
= Substitute
2x – 3
Note: Always simplify to its lowest term.

10 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

ASSESSMENT:

Name: _______________________________________________________ Score: __________

Section: _____________________________________________________ Date: ___________

Perform the indicated operations on the functions given below. Evaluate the results
according to the given condition. Write your answers on the provided box.

Let f(x) = 5x + 1, g(x) = x + 1, and h(x) = x2 – x.

1. f(x) + g(x)
Solution:

When x = 1

2. h(x) – g(x)
Solution:

When x = 2

11 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

3. f(x)g(x)
Solution:

When x = -1

h(x )
4. Solution:
g ( x)

When x = -2

g ( x)
5. Solution:
h(x )

When x = 0

12 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

Lecturette

Composition of Function
Another way of combining two functions is the so-called composition of functions. In this form, one
of the functions must be in the domain of the other function. The composition of functions is defined as:
Given two functions f(x) and g(x), the composite function of f(x) and g(x) is defined and denoted by:

(f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x))
(g ∘ f)(x) = g(f(x))

The composition of functions is illustrated by the diagram below.

Domain of f(x)

domain of g(x) Values of g(x) Values of f(x)

a g(a) f(g(a))

f g

f∘g

13 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

Example 1
Composition of Functions
Let f(x) = 2x2 and g(x) = x + 4
1. Find a. (f ∘ g)(x) b. (g ∘ f)(x)

Solutions:

1. a. (f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x))
= f(x + 4) Substitute the value of g(x)
= 2(x + 4)2 Substitute the value of f(x)
= 2(x2 + 8x + 16) F. O. I. L. Method
= 2x2 + 16x + 32 Distributive Property

Note: Apply the PEMDAS RULE

2. b. (g ∘ f)(x) = g(f(x))
= g(2x2) Substitute the value of g(x)
= 2x2 + 4 Substitute the value of f(x)

Evaluation of Composite Functions

a. (f ∘ g)(x) = 2x2 + 16x + 3, when x = 3

Solution:

(f ∘ g)(3) = 2(3)2 + 16(3) + 3

= 2(9) + 16(3) + 3 PEMDAS RULE
= 18 + 48 + 3
= 98

b. (g ∘ f)(x) = 2x2 + 4, when x = 3

Solution:

(g ∘ f)(3) = 2(3)2 + 4

= 2(9) + 4 PEMDAS RULE

= 18 + 4
= 22

14 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

ASSESSMENT:

Name: _______________________________________________________ Score: __________

Section: _____________________________________________________ Date: ___________
Perform the indicated operations on the functions given below. Evaluate the results
according to the given condition. Write your answers on the provided box.

Let f(x) = 2x; g(x) = x + 3; h(x) = 4x2 – 3

1. (f ∘ g)(x) Solution:

When x = 1

2. (g ∘ f)(x)

Solution:

When x = 1

Solution:

3. (f ∘ h)(x) When x = 1

15 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

4. (h ∘ g)(x)
Solution:

When x = 1

5. (h ∘ f)(x)
Solution:

When x = 1

Lesson Reflection:
My journey through this lesson enabled me to learn

16 | P a g e
Module in General Mathematics

It made me realize that

I, therefore, commit to

References:

Aoanan, G.O., et al. (2016). General Mathematics for Senior High School. Published in 2016
by C & E Publishing, Inc.

Regacho, C.F., et al. (2017). Senior High School: Mathematics Skills for Life. Published since
1936 by ABIVA Publishing House, Inc.

Prepared by:

CHRISTOFER EDWARD A. LERIO, LPT.

Subject Teacher

Checked by:

RAYMOND W. DELA CUESTA, LPT, M.A.Ed.

Senior High School Academic Coordinator

Noted by:

ELEANOR C. AGUILLON, LPT, M.A.Ed.

Senior High School Focal Person

Approved by:

S. MA. FRANCISA M. MAÑIBO, RVM

School Principal

17 | P a g e