Drug Name Drug Class Mechanism of Action Indications Contraindications Side Effects/ Adverse Effects Nursing Consideration
Acetaminophen is a central analgesic and antipyretic used to treat common cold, flu, and other viral and bacterial infections with pain and fever. It appears to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS and peripherally blocks pain impulses. Side effects include potential CNS effects like headache, and GI effects like nausea. It should be used with caution in patients with alcoholic liver disease or impaired hepatic function. Nursing considerations before administration include assessing for allergies or liver dysfunction, and educating patients about proper use and signs of overdose.
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Drug Name Drug Class Mechanism of Action Indications Contraindications Side Effects/ Adverse Effects Nursing Consideration
Acetaminophen is a central analgesic and antipyretic used to treat common cold, flu, and other viral and bacterial infections with pain and fever. It appears to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS and peripherally blocks pain impulses. Side effects include potential CNS effects like headache, and GI effects like nausea. It should be used with caution in patients with alcoholic liver disease or impaired hepatic function. Nursing considerations before administration include assessing for allergies or liver dysfunction, and educating patients about proper use and signs of overdose.
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MECHANISM SIDE EFFECTS/ NURSING
DRUG NAME DRUG CLASS INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
OF ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS CONSIDERATION Generic: Therapeutic: Appears to Patient’s Side Effects: Before: Acetaminophen Central Analgesic inhibit Indications: Sensitivity to acetaminophen; CNS: >Assess patient for allergy prostaglandin Treat Common headache to acetaminophen, Pregnancy Category: synthesis cold, flu, other GI: Nausea, Vomiting impaired hepatic function, B in the CNS and, viral and Diarrhea, Stomach pain chronic alcoholism, Brand: to a lesser bacterial pregnancy, lactation Precautions: Tylenol extent, infections with Adverse Reactions: >Assess patient’s Skin Patient with alcoholic hepatic block pain pain and fever CV: color, lesions; disease, hepatic impairment, impulses chest pain, dyspnea, temperature; liver or active hepatic disease; Complete Pharmacologic: through General: myocardial damage evaluation; CBC, LFTs, chronic malnutrition and Prescription: Non-narcotic peripheral >Analgesic- when doses of 5–8 renal function tests hypovolemia (Ofirmev); G6PD 1 g 3–4 analgesic, action. Acts antipyretic in g/day are ingested daily deficiency. Limit dose to less times a day antipyretic. centrally on patients with for several weeks or During: than 4 g/day. hypothalamic aspirin allergy, when doses of 4 g/day >Instruct patient to take heat- regulating hemostatic are ingested for 1 yr the medicine with full center, disturbances, GI: Hepatic toxicity and glass of water. producing bleeding failure, jaundice >Administer drug to the peripheral diatheses, upper GU: Acute kidney right patient with the right vasodilation GI disease, failure, renal tubular dose and route (heat loss, skin gouty arthritis necrosis >Give drug with food if GI erythema, Hematologic: upset occurs. diaphoresis). >Arthritis and Methemoglobinemia— rheumatic cyanosis; hemolytic After: Therapeutic disorders anemia—hematuria, > Instruct patient to Effect: involving anuria; neutropenia, immediately report to Results in musculoskeletal leukopenia, Health Care Professionals antipyresis. pain (but lacks pancytopenia, if rash, unusual bleeding Produces clinically thrombocytopenia, or bruising, yellowing of analgesic effect. significant hypoglycemia skin or eyes, changes in antirheumatic Hypersensitivity: voiding patterns occurs and anti- Rash, fever inflammatory > Educate patient to avoid effects) the use of other over-the- counter preparations. >Unlabeled use: They may contain Prophylactic for acetaminophen, and children serious overdosage can receiving DPT occur. If you need an vaccination to over-the-counter reduce incidence preparation, consult your of fever and pain health care provider. >Document and record accordingly