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Engineering Analysis Homework 6

The document discusses solving an inhomogeneous second order differential equation using the Greens function method. It first develops the Greens function G(t,t0) for the given differential equation. It then uses this Greens function to solve the inhomogeneous initial value problem, obtaining the particular solution yp(t) = -t2 + t2logt in 3 sentences or less.

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Amrita
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views

Engineering Analysis Homework 6

The document discusses solving an inhomogeneous second order differential equation using the Greens function method. It first develops the Greens function G(t,t0) for the given differential equation. It then uses this Greens function to solve the inhomogeneous initial value problem, obtaining the particular solution yp(t) = -t2 + t2logt in 3 sentences or less.

Uploaded by

Amrita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A homework on Engineering Analysis 7

By AMRIT ARYAL
Oct,2020

Problem 1: Runge Kutta Methods


Given, two equation are,

d2 y 2 dy 2
− + 2 y = h(t) (1)
dt2 t dt t
for t > 1, t0 > 1
with initial conditions y(t=1)=0 and y’(t=1)=0.

1a: Develop a Greens function for this problem.


d2 G
dt2 − 2 dG
t dt + 2
t2 G = δ(t − t0 )

for t > 1, t0 > 1

with initial conditions G(1, t0 ) = 0 and dG 0


dt (1, t ) = 0.

We know from our discussions that at t = t’.

0
lim G|t=t +ε
t=t0 −ε
ε→0

dG t=t0 +ε
lim | 0
ε→0 dt t=t −ε

Homogeneous solution for

y 00 − 2t y 0 + 2
t2 y =0

since tp(t) and t2 q(t) are analytic @x =0.

x =0 is a regular singular point, Solution can be get through the Frobenius

1
series.

∞
X
α
y(t) = t an tn
n=0

∞
X
y 0 (t) = (n + α) an tn+α−1
n=0

∞
X
y 00 (t) = (n + α)(n + α − 1) an tn+α−2
n=0

Substitute value of y” ,y’ and y in (1).

∞ ∞ ∞
2 2 X X X
y 00 − y 0 + 2 y = (n+α)(n+α−1) an tn+α−2 −2(n+α) an tn+α−2 +2 an tn+α−2
t t n=0 n=0 n=0

for n=0;

= (α)(α − 1)a0 tα−2 − 2(α)a0 tα−2 + 2a0 tα−2

or,[α(α − 1) − 2α + 2]a0 tα−2 = 0

∵ a0 6= 0 ∴ α(α − 1) − 2α + 2 = 0

or,α2 − 3α + 2 = 0

or,(α − 1)(α − 2) = 0

α1 = 1 and α2 = 2
General solution of the associated homogeneous equation is

y p = c1 t + c2 t 2

Derivative of yp is

2
yp0 = c1 + 2c2 t

Applying initial conditions y(t=1)=0 and y’(t=1)=0;


yp = 0 = c1 + c2
yp0 = 0 = c1 + 2c2
Applying y(l) = 0 to this solution implies c1 + c2 = 0 or c1 = −c2 . By choosing
c2 = −1 we get c1 = 1 and y1 = t − t2 .0n the other hand,y 0 (1) = O applied to
the general solution shows c1 + 2c2 = 0 or c1 = −2c2 .The choice c2 = −l now
gives c1 = 2 and so y2 (t) = 2t − t2 .

Now we have

G = u1 (t0 )y1 + u2 (t0 )y2

G = u1 (t0 )(t − t2 ) + u2 (t0 )(2t − t2 )


which satisfy the conditions at t=t’.

u1 (t0 )(t − t2 ) + u2 (t0 )(2t − t2 ) = 0

u1 (t0 )(1 − 2t) + u2 (t0 )(2 − 2t) = 1


0 0
we know; u1 (t0 ) = − W (yy12,y(t )
0
1 )(t )
and u2 (t0 ) = W (yy11,y
(t )
0
1 )(t )
 0
(t − t02 ) (2t0 − t02 )

W (y1 , y1 )(t0 ) = = (t0 − t02 )(2 − 2t0 ) − (2t0 − t02 )(1 − 2t0 )
(1 − 2t0 ) (2 − 2t0 )
= 2t0 − 2t02 − 2t02 + 2t03 − (2t0 − 4t02 − t02 + 2t03 )
= 2t0 − 4t02 + 2t03 − 2t0 + 5t02 − 2t03 = t02
0 02
∴ ; u1 (t0 ) = − 2t t−t
02 =1− 2
t0

t0 −t02
u2 (t0 ) = t02 = 1
t0 −1

The Greens function can now be expressed as


0,t<t0
0
G(t, t ) =
(1− t20 )(t−t2 )+( t10 −1)(2t−t2 ),t>t0

Finally, the particular solution yp is then

Z t
y(t) = G(t, t0 )h(t0 )dt0
0

3
1b: Use the Greens function to solve the inhomogeneous
initial value problem
d2 y 2 dy 2
2
− + 2y = 1 (2)
dt t dt t

the particular solution yp is

Z t
y(t) = G(t, t0 )h(t0 )dt0
0

Z t
y(t) = G(t, t0 )dt0
0

Z t
2 1
y(t) = [(1 − )(t − t2 ) + ( 0 − 1)(2t − t2 )]dt0
0 t0 t

Z t
2 2 1 1
y(t) = [t − t2 − 0
t + 0 t2 + 0 2t − t2 0 − 2t + t2 ]dt0
0 t t t t

Z t
1 2 0
y(t) = [−t + t ]dt
0 t0

y(t) = −t|t0 |t0 + t2 | log t0 |t0


y(t) = −t2 + t2 log t is the required solution.

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