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HPLP310 – Biblio_35 Fissures radial intern in a thick

cylinder under pressure and thermal loading

Summary:

This test is resulting from the validation independent of version 3 in breaking process.

It is about a two-dimensional test in statics in which one models to it not linearity of contact due to refermeture
partial of the crack.

The behavior of the structure is thermoelastic linear isotropic.

The case test understands two modelings 2D plane for which one studies the influence of the mechanical
load factor  . In the first modeling a contact with a material infinimement rigid is used to represent
refermeture (symmetrical) crack while in the second a boundary condition of type unilateral connection is put in
work.

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1 Problem of reference
1.1 Geometry
y

r2

a
x
A B C D E
r1

Cross-section of a thick tube presenting one

internal radial crack

Report of the rays b=r 2 /r 1 =2 r 1=1 mm , r 2=2 mm

Depth of the crack a / r 2−r 1 =0,05

1.2 Properties of material

The material is thermoelastic linear isotropic standard.

Young modulus E=1000 MPa

Poisson's ratio  =0,3
Linear dilation coefficient T =1E-6
Yield stress  0 =1 MPa (being used to define the initial stress field created by
the process of autofrettage on the assumption of a former behavior
of elastoplastic type of Von Mises)

1.3 Boundary conditions and loadings

Boundary conditions (for a half-part in the area y≥0 )

Blocking UY =0 on the segment AB and on the ligament DE (symmetry).

Linear relation UX  AUX  E =0 (to block the horizontal adjustment)

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Loadings

Loading n° 1: radial traction  rr  r 2 = 0 on the external face; this mechanical loading
produces the same one K I that an internal pressure acting simultaneously on
the internal ray r 1 and on the lips of the crack, without taking into account of
nonthe linearity of contact.

Loading n° 2: thermal loading are equivalent to an autofrettage defined as follows:

4 0 21    
T1 T    ln  
3 E T  r1 
T 1  T  r
T T1   ln   r1 r  

ln    r1 
 r1 
T T  r r2

In these formulas,  indicate the maximum ray of the zone having undergone
autofrettage, T 1 the temperature with the ray r 1 and T  the temperature with
the ray r = in the thick tube not fissured. In the application concerned here,
one takes =r 2 , which corresponds to the autofrettage of the totality of the
section of the thick tube, and one does not take into account it not linearity of
contact. One is expected K negative for positive temperatures (put in
compression of the tube not fissured).

Loading n° 3: linear combination loading n° 2 +  * loading n° 1,  ( ≠T !) indicating the

mechanical load factor; one takes here into account it not linearity of contact,
which supposes an incremental application of the mechanical load.

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2 Reference solution
2.1 Method of calculating used for the reference solution
Calculation by finite elements with code ABAQUS. Nonthe linearity of contact is modelled using one-
way GAP elements. The factor of intensity of the constraints is calculated starting from the integral J .

2.2 Results of reference

Adimensional factor of intensity of the constraints according to the mechanical factor of loading,
in the case of loading n° 3

Notation: FL  K IL /  0 a linear factor of intensity adimensional (obtained by linear

combination of the effects of autofrettage and mechanical
loading, in stopped feature)

FN  K IN /  0 a nonlinear factor of intensity adimensional (obtained by taking

account of nonthe linearity of contact, in full feature).

EJ
K I2 
1   2 

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Empirical formula of the factor of intensity of the constraints under external radial tension

W r2  r1
C1 C2
0, 2 
 ln b ln b a
K I 0  P a  0,01   0,8 et 1,5 b 3,0
1 1 b W
0 ,5 2
 a  a
C1 2,397  2,705   0,884 
W W
0 ,5 2
 a  a
C2  0,244  1,447   0,809 
W W

Empirical formula of the factor of intensity of the constraints in autofrettage in full section

0, 75
C1  C2  ln b a
K Ia  0 a  2 0,01   0,8 et 1,5 b 3,0
 1 W
 1,8  4 
 b 
0 , 05 0 ,15 1,5
  a  a  a 
 30,221  57,714   29,954   2,444  
 W W W 
C1  0 , 25
 a
1  
W
0 , 05 0 ,15 1,5
  a  a  a 
  51,522  111,027   63,244   3,631  
 W W W 
C2  0 , 25
 a
1  
W

2.3 Bibliographical references

1) H.M. SHU, J. SMALL and G. BEZINE: Radial stress intensity factors for aces in thick walled
cylinders. I. Symmetrical aces II. Combination of autofrettage and internal presses.
Engng.Fract.Mechs., 49, n°4, 611-629, 1994.

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3 Modeling A
3.1 Characteristics of modeling
The model consists of quadrangles with 8 nodes and triangles with 6 nodes.
It comprises 4877 nodes and 1598 elements.

3.2 Characteristics of the grid

Use of the procedure FISS2D_V1.

The topological parameters concerning refinement around the bottom of crack are:

• nc=4 (many crowns)

• ns=8 (many sectors)
• nbcour =1 (many crowns of déraffinement)

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Zoom of the fissured zone

Zoom of the zone fissured with “block of contact”

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3.3 Sizes tested and results

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°1, crown 0, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
K I , loading n°1, crown 1, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
K I , loading n°1, crown 2, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
K I , loading n°1, crown 3, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°2, crown 0, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%
K I , loading n°2, crown 1, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%
K I , loading n°2, crown 2, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%
K I , loading n°2, crown 3, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Toleranc

e
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,33 , crown 0 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 6.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,335 , crown 0 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.5%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,34 , crown 0 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,345 , crown 0 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,35 , crown 0 1,2075E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,36 , crown 0 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
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K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,40 , crown 0 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.33, crown 1 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.335, crown 1 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.34, crown 1 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.345, crown 1 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.35, crown 1 1,2075E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.36, crown 1 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.40, crown 1 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.33, crown 2 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 4.5%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.335, crown 2 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.34, crown 2 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.345, crown 2 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.35, crown 2 1,2075E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.36, crown 2 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.40, crown 2 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,335 , crown 3 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 3.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,34 , crown 3 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,345 , crown 3 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,35 , crown 3 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,36 , crown 3 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,40 , crown 3 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

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3.4 Remarks
The tables below give the rate of refund of energy G for two values of the coefficient  who
correspond to nonthe separation of the lip of the crack. (There is separation of the lip for > 0,32 ).

Identification Reference G ASTER

G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 0 0  8.7941 10 16
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 1 0 4.4308 10 15
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 2 0 3.3312 10 15
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 3 0 4.4794 10 13

Identification Reference G ASTER

G, loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 0 0  1,17E-14
G, loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 1 0  3,26E-16
G, loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 2 0  1,02E-15
G, loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 3 0 4,23E-13

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4 Modeling B
4.1 Characteristics of modeling
The model consists of quadrangles with 8 nodes and triangles with 6 nodes.
It comprises 4877 nodes and 1598 elements.

4.2 Characteristics of the grid

Use of the procedure FISS2D_V1.

The topological parameters concerning refinement around the bottom of crack are:

• nc=4 (many crowns)

• ns=8 (many sectors)
• nbcour =1 (many crowns of déraffinement)

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Zoom of the fissured zone

4.3 Sizes tested and results

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°1, crown 0, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
K I , loading n°1, crown 1, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
K I , loading n°1, crown 2, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%
K I , loading n°1, crown 3, neglected contact 1.1482 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 2.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°2, crown 0, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%
K I , loading n°2, crown 1, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%
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K I , loading n°2, crown 2, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%

K I , loading n°2, crown 3, neglected contact  0.41237 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 7.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Toleranc

e
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,33 , crown 0 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 4.5%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,335 , crown 0 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 3.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,34 , crown 0 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,345 , crown 0 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,35 , crown 0 1,2075E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,36 , crown 0 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,40 , crown 0 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.33, crown 1 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 4.5%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.335, crown 1 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 3.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.34, crown 1 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.345, crown 1 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.35, crown 1 1,2075E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.36, crown 1 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.40, crown 1 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.33, crown 2 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 4.5%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.335, crown 2 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 3.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.34, crown 2 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.345, crown 2 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.35, crown 2 1,2075E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.36, crown 2 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
KI , loading n°3, contact,  = 0.40, crown 2 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

Identification Reference Type of reference Tolerance

K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,335 , crown 3 3,0187E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 3.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,34 , crown 3 5,4336E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,345 , crown 3 8,5865E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,35 , crown 3 1,2075E-3 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’  4.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,36 , crown 3 2,1757E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%
K I , loading n°3, contact, =0,40 , crown 3 6,6478E-2 ‘SOURCE_EXTERNE’ 1.0%

4.4 Remarks
The tables below give the rate of refund of energy G for two values of the coefficient  who
correspond to nonthe separation of the lip of the crack. (There is separation of the lip for 0,32 ).
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Identification Reference G ASTER

G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 0 0  8.7941 10 16
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 1 0 4.4308 10 15
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 2 0 3.3312 10 15
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,30 , crown 3 0 4.4794 10 13

Identification Reference G ASTER

G , loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 0 0  1,17E-14
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 1 0  3,26E-16
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 2 0  1,02E-15
G , loading n°3, contact, =0,32 , crown 3 0 4,23E-13

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Copyright 2020 EDF R&D - Licensed under the terms of the GNU FDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)
 Version
Code_Aster default
Titre : HPLP310 - Biblio_35 Fissure radiale interne dans u[...] Date : 02/09/2011 Page : 15/15
Responsable : TRAN Van Xuan Clé : V7.02.310 Révision :
b8836537f6b7

5 Summary of the results

The calculation of G is correct in all the cases, including for a completely closed crack. Modelings
with block of contact and unilateral connection give similar results.

Warning : The translation process used on this website is a "Machine Translation". It may be imprecise and inaccurate in whole or in part and is
provided as a convenience.
Copyright 2020 EDF R&D - Licensed under the terms of the GNU FDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)