BAMBOO

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1 $3.00 US
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Presidentʼs Message
President's Message
by James Clever
Another year come and gone. Another ABS Conference only a memory. A new year of possibilities be-
fore us. And a new president elected by the ABS board of directors (BOD). I would like to introduce my-
self to our society. I am James Clever, from the Pacific Northwest Chapter residing in Seattle, Washington.
Last year Betty Shor, our co-editor of this magazine, asked me to write an article about myself centering
around my involvement with bamboo. I will have this article written and included in this issue to help go
into more detail about who I am. I know many members and many of you have spent time with me at the
various conferences since 1991. So a newcomer I am not. One thing that I will do is give you the straight
story. I have already in my own chapter this month spoken up and been stirring the pot. And when one gets
close to the stove you can get burned. I have been around long enough to see this happen in both our soci-
ety and at the chapter level. Learning and growing is
what it is all about. We all need to learn from the
bamboo. Stand up straight, bend with the wind and In This Issue
bounce back. President’s Message 1
Think of this next year to be a time of growth. Of About James Clever 2
improvement and inclusion. This all starts now. Your
Gregarious Flowering of Himalayacalamus fal-
representatives, the board of directors, are all on the
coneri (Munro) Keng f. in Sikkim, India 4
same page towards the goals set for 2011. The plan
for an updated ABS web site up and running in the Penjor: One Tool of Hindus Religious Ceremo-
early part of this year is our main focus. Bill King, nies at Galungan Feast in Bali 6
our past president, has stayed on to head a committee Bamboo Systematics: Yesterday, Today and
of bright young members that are on the cutting edge Tomorrow 8
of technology. Bill Hollenback and before him Barry 2010 BOTA Report 17
Abrahamsen have carried this on their shoulders. We Reports of Bamboo Flowering in 2009 19
see this new turn of the page in the ABS as a time to Holes in Bamboo? 20
go within our membership to get a boost of energy. Reaching Out: ABS on Facebook 20
Using the talent we have to grow. We have also dedi- Minutes of the ABS 21
cated funds to hire professional help in this matter of Events 27
the updated web site. In 2010 we tried using donated ABS Treasurer’s Report 28
help only and this only moved this project forward a BAMBOO Magazine Index 2010 29
small step. At the board meeting in Savannah we
Advertising Info 31
saw the need to now make large steps on to comple-
tion. Our group has slowly been shrinking while
technology has been growing. We are going to move forward and plan to use these new ideas to make
every effort to grow.
What I have asked of all the directors on the board is to go back to their chapters and ask for help. Help
in participation from the existing membership. Help in making an effort to get new members and to share
what they know and
On the Covers: spread the news BAMBOO Magazine of the American
Front: Fog condenses on Yushania about our society. All Bamboo Society
of you as members c. 2011 American Bamboo Society
maling foliage; winter, Sacramento ISSN 1554-8295
Valley, California. can help. If each one Published 6 times/year
Back: Bambusa ventricosa ‘Kimmei’ of us brought one Don Shor, editor
friend into our group Betty Shor, co-editor
as a new member, we email: [email protected]

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

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could double membership in one season. If each one of us talks about bamboo at the local nursery or gar-
den club and shares your knowledge, the word of bamboo would spread in so many positive ways. We all
know how bamboo gets a bad rap. When light is shown on this in a positive way with truth and correct in-
formation, myths evaporate. We all know that there are more members out there on the ABS Species
Source list then those that come to meetings. Imagine if, within my own PNW chapter, everyone who is on
this list (SSL) attended a chapter meeting and did a positive society-related donation of time, think of how
this group would improve. We all can see how things can get better. Now we all need to make this happen.
Be involved. Be active. Be positive.

About James Clever

by himself
My first memory of bamboo was in 1968. The house my
parents purchased and moved us to in Seattle, Washington
had a small hedge of Phyllostachys aurea. At the time I had
no idea what it was. I knew it was different from any other
plant I had seen before. But at 10 years old almost anything
is new to a kid. The shape of the stalks somehow intrigued
me. They were straight yet bumpy. I guess you could say I
was hooked right there.
When I purchased my first house in 1982, I quickly put the
lawn that covered 80% of the garden to rest. I replaced it
mainly with creating a Japanese "northwest Craftsman" type
of garden —with a huge vegetable garden in the sunniest
part. Then in 1985 the house next door to the west was sold
to a developer. The lot was bulldozed, which removed a very
large cherry tree, two apple trees and a hedge of lilacs. In this
lot two three-story houses with all their windows focused
onto my once-private back garden. To add insult to injury,
their height and width eliminated all my sunlight after 1 PM.
And the constant “Hello!” from the construction crew looking
down on me sent me off to look for a privacy screen. I looked into trees, seeing that with 10-plus years they
would fill the need. But their mature width and overpowering height — as well as the root system —would
do more harm then good. Then the idea of bamboo came into mind, remembering that long lost aurea. I
knew an old fellow that grew it about 5 miles away and set off to talk to him. His name was Chuck Pilling.
Some may remember him from our bamboo tour in Seattle back in 1991. He had a very large hedge of Phyl-
lostachys aureosulcata. This was to help shield his duck pond from wind. He said I was welcome to dig
whatever I wanted from the drainage ditch outside the fence line. Thinking that this was a good idea, but not
knowing any more, I said I would get back in touch. That next day my wife said she saw a notice in the paper
that the American Bamboo Society was having a meeting that Saturday at the University's horticultural cen-
ter. So off we went that Saturday morning. There we met a young man named Ned and a very young woman
named Daphne. Little did I know this was the beginning of a beautiful friendship that is still thriving today. I
joined that day, and bought my first bamboos at the little fund- raising auction held during the meeting.
And now I am here today, still intrigued by this wonderful plant. I did go back and dig bamboo from
Chuck's grove. I learned how to break a shovel or two. And tear a few back muscles too. This bamboo went
in the ground full size. And when the house went on the market, the new owners had a bamboo hedge all
along the property line. They bought the house partly because of the bamboo. And some few weeks after
moving the new owner asked to buy some bamboo from me. He wanted another screen along his alley.

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As the years went by I went to many a PNW chapter meeting and came home again and again with new
species of bamboo. By growing and planting and dividing all the while I ended up with a very large collec-
tion and knowledge of this plant. When visiting many a local nursery I found they knew almost nothing
about bamboo. The little they did know I saw ended up getting their clients in trouble. So this was when I
decided to get a business license, a nursery license, and eventually a contractor's license — this in 1989.
At the time I got involved with the society I was a journeyman jeweler — one that makes jewelry.
Where I worked we made 14K and 18K gold and platinum jewelry for high-end retail stores. At one PNW
meeting a fellow member asked if I could make them some bamboo earrings. I did and it kind of steamrolled
from there. I eventually did my own line of bamboo jewelry: earrings, rings and pendants.
I was elected president of the PNW chapter in 1990. Shortly after that Ned and a couple of other
members came back to our group and explained that we (PNW) were to host the next meeting of the ABS in
1991. Our group went on not only to host the first meeting of the ABS outside California but also to create
and put on the first American Bamboo Society Conference. This experience formed what would be a greater
portion of my bamboo life. At this conference I met Richard Haubrich. I still have that impression of what a
true leader he was to this young society. I hosted at my home Gerald Bol, then the current ABS president,
and Adam and Sue Turtle. Sharing time with these three was a treat. Each had a different aspect of the world
of bamboo that I was thrilled to be a student to. Also at this event I met a very enthusiastic and very young
Susanne Lucas. Little did I know how she would shine for our society in the years to come. The enthusiasm
of these people did more than spark my want to know more. These friendships are still growing today.
My son was born two years later and I put bamboo life on hold until the 1995 ABS conference in Sa-
vannah, Georgia. This was the first conference I attended after the Seattle 1991 event. I brought with me a
bag of jewelry — pieces I had been making with a bamboo theme, all in sterling silver. At the time this was
something not seen. Going to Georgia was a time of great discovery that set the stage for the years to come.
Seeing giant bamboo growing in places I had only read about before really motivated me. This was the first
time I climbed bamboo. As a young kid to the teenage years of my life climbing trees had been a passion.
Now there was a new turn on the vertical height challenge: doing so on a narrow 2-inch diameter bamboo
stem. Before the conference Adam Turtle chaired the first Professional Bamboo Growers meeting. While
sitting next to Gerald Bol at a break, I discussed my experiences with growing bamboo in urban settings. In
city bamboo growing has so many restrictions. Small settings, small footprint plantings with large buildings
and around utilities combine to create a large challenge. While out in the country where acres are the normal
planting bed, we in the city are restricted to a mere few feet. Barriers are the tool we have to make in an ef-
fort to contain. Ideas hatched here have grown to what I have been doing ever since. The improvement of the
barrier material and clamping methods combined with timely proper maintenance are the cornerstone of
what my professional business has grown to excel at. At this meeting it was the beginning of that other part
of my story. As the years went by my days as a jeweler diminished and as a landscaper grew. As a profes-
sional bamboo grower and landscaper my business grew to full time. I was using bamboo as a landscape
plant, as a privacy plant, feature plant or as a dry-cut cane element in the garden. Using bamboo as a dry ma-
terial, as a carpenter, only expanded the horizon of bamboo for me. This was the time in the late 1990’s fold-
ing into the 2000’s when bamboo exploded on the popular scene. Those around when Martha Stewart had
her show on bamboo well know the huge wave that swamped us. There were lots of folks excited about
bamboo with no knowledge of the plant. All this while the bamboo society tried to keep up.
I was elected as the PNW representative in 2002 on the ABS board and attended conferences in New Or-
leans, Miami, Pasadena and Hilo. I stayed as active as I could at the local level, all the while attending the
various conferences, jumping from coast to coast — learning and growing, making new friends, seeing
places that one could never imagine. I wrote and had many articles published in the PNW newsletter and
ABS magazine. Doing tag-team talks with my friend Ian Connor is always fun and entertaining. Both of us
have years of hands-on experience caring for bamboo, which gives us that “Know How” to educate and in-
form. My passion for photography played a big part in my contributions to the magazine too. Close ups of
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
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bamboo and people have been something I have tried to photograph whenever out in the bamboo. I can re-
member once when asked about my bamboo jewelry: Nancy Bess Moore asked how my work was going. I
said the jewelry was put on the back burner and most of my time now was creating gardens using bamboo
wherever I could in the project. And I was taking a lot of photos too. She said your gardens and pictures are
where you are funneling your creative abilities and that is your art.
 Bamboo is a part of my life and the people within this society are also.

Gregarious Flowering of Himalayacalamus falconeri (Munro) Keng

f. in Sikkim, India
By Punya P. Poudyal
and Tika P. Sharma, consultant on bamboo, Horticulture Department, Gangtok, Sikkim
Introduction
Himalayacalamus falconeri is found in Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal, at altitudes between 1900 and
2500 m. This species flowered gregariously all over Sikkim in
2009, and then the plants died. The plants bore a lot of seeds but
the seeds were not formed fully at the time of visit by the authors
to the Bulbulay Zoo in Gangtok, Sikkim, India on 1 April 2009.
Flowering Record
Himalayacalamus falconeri flowered gregariously in England,
U.K. in 1847, and in the Himalayan Kingdom of Sikkim (now a
state of India) in 1876. In England it flowered again in 1876. The
seeds planted in 1847 flowered simultaneously in the Royal Bo-
tanic Gardens, Kew and in Edgecumbe, England in 1907. This
species flowered in the same year in the wild in Sikkim too (Shor,
1997); in England during 1893-1906 (McClure, 1966); in Glasne-
vin, Dublin, Ireland during 1900-01 (McClure, 1966); in U.K.
during 1929-32 and during 1964-69; in Cornwall, England in
1991; in Everett, Washington, U.S.A. in November 1992; in Oak-
land, California in the summer of 1994; near Canterbury, New
Zealand in 1994; in Carwinion and Wadebridge, Cornwall, in
Platt, Kent, in Leigh, Surrey, England in 1995; in Berkeley, Cali-
fornia during 1995-96; in Menlo Park, California in 1996; in Quail
Gardens,
Encinitas and Del Mar, California in 1996; in Car-
winion, Cornwall, England in 1996 (Shor, 1997).
Himalayacalamus falconeri had flowered sporadi-
cally in the Bulbulay Zoo area in 1998.
Gathering the Seeds
All clumps die after gregarious flowering. Hence,
it is necessary to harvest the flowering clumps as
early as possible. Delay of harvesting may cause loss
due to rotting and/or fire, and it will affect natural
regeneration.
When the sign of flowering appears, then at least
60-70% of the culms should be harvested and the
balance of 30-40% culms should be retained for pro-
duction of seeds and to provide light-shade for suc-
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
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cessful natural regeneration after the seeds fall on the ground. The flowering area should be protected from
grazing by the animals and from forest fire.
The seeds should be stored by appropriate storage methods to retain their viability as well as their moisture
content, or they should be sown immediately in a nursery even when there is no immediate requirement for
the seedlings. For future use, these seedlings can be multiplied and maintained in small size by the process of
macro-proliferation.
Impact After Flowering
In Sikkim, after the death of the bamboo plants, the whole area became open for competition by various
plant species. As a result, not only usual plant species have started to grow but also several invasive
species—high-altitude ferns and other bushes — have grown in the area. The rotted chaff of the seeds made
the soil very fertile, which assisted the wild plant species to compete successfully for a place in that area.
The thin splints of this bamboo species are widely used in weaving mats by the people living in the high
altitudes. After the flowering they could not find Singanay (H. falconeri) in the wild. So they were forced to
look for other species to meet their demand. Fortunately there was Himalayacalamus hookerianus (Munro)
Stapleton in the jungle. So the people have depended on this species since the death of H. falconeri.
Effect on Local Animals
Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)
The Red Panda is found in Nepal, Bhutan, China, and India. In India it is found in Sikkim, Arunachal
Pradesh, and West Bengal states. According to the video “Return of the Fire Cat” there are only 2,500 red
pandas in the world, including the ones in the zoos world over.
The red pandas of Langtang wildlife sanctuary, Nepal eat Titay Nigalo (Drepanostachyum intermedium)
(Yonzon, 1992, Pers. comm.), the red pandas of the Darjeeling Zoo in West Bengal, India eat Malingo (Yu-
shania maling) (Pradhan, 2008, Pers. comm.), and the red pandas of the Bulbulay Zoo in Gangtok, Sikkim,
India eat the leaves of Singanay (H. falconeri).
According to Mr. Sonam Bhutia, one of the caretakers of the Bulbulay Zoo in Gangtok, there were eight
red pandas: two adult males, two adult females, three female cubs and one male cub. Mr. Bhutia said that the
leaves of H. falconeri were not available because of the gregarious flowering. Hence, the zoo-keepers offered
the leaves of Drepanostachyum intermedium to the red pandas, but the animals went on a hunger strike for
three days. Only on the fourth day did they grudgingly eat the leaves of a different species.

Himalayan Black Bear (Selenarctors thiebatanus):

In Nepali language Singaan means mucus that comes out of the nose. Hence, this species got that as its
Nepali name. That mucus-like sap excreted by the young bamboo shoots tastes sweet. The Himalayan Black
Bear likes to eat any bamboo shoot during the shooting season. The sweet taste of this species is a special
attraction to the bear. But there were no new shoots growing during the last rainy season of 2009 because of
the death of the bamboo plants, and bears were visibly not happy about it. So they visited nearby Gangtok,
the state capital, as well as many villages all over Sikkim, attacked and injured many people (according to
the media), and created great havoc.
References
McClure, Dr. Floyd Alonzo. 1966. The Bamboos: A Fresh Perspective. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
U.S.A. 347 pp.
Poudyal, Punya P. 2006. Bamboos of Sikkim (India), Bhutan and Nepal. New Hira Books enterprises, G.P.O. Box 2680, Kath-
mandu, Nepal. 277 pp.
Pradhan, Dr. Sunita. 2008. Personal communication. [Dr. Pradhan is a renowned world authority on the red panda ecology.
Shor, Betty N. 1997. Bamboo Flowering Records. Unpublished Report. 32 pp. Personal Communication.
Yonzon, Dr. Prahlad B. 1992. Personal communication. [Dr. Yonzon is the red panda authority of Nepal].

Note: All photos by Dr. Tika P. Sharma.

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Penjor: One Tool of Hindus Religious Ceremonies at Galun-

gan Feast in Bali
By Wawan Sujarwo and I Nyoman Peneng
Bali Botanic Garden, Indonesia
Galungan is one of the biggest feasts for Hindus in Bali, as are the Nyepi and Kuningan days. Bali's Hin-
dus celebrate Galungan twice a year, as well as Kuningan
but Nyepi once a year. A day before the day of Galungan,
Balinese Hindus in celebration set Penjor in front of their
own houses.
Penjor is made from entire bamboo culms and the curved
ends are garnished with an assortment of ornaments. Penjor
is one of the most important tools in the Galungan’s cere-
mony. This has resulted in increased demand for bamboo in
Bali, which affects the selling price in the market.
The main raw material of Penjor is the entire bamboo
culm, with the average length of 10 meters. Bamboo is deco-
rated with Janur (young coconut leaves), then filled with a
variety of crops such as tubers (pala bungkah), mainly sweet
potato and cassava; fruits (pala gantung), mainly coconut
and banana; seeds (pala wija), mainly rice, corn and snack,
as well as a piece of thin cloth that is white or yellow. Then
at the end of Penjor is installed sampian which consists of
betel nut, lime, areca nuts and flowers.
The meaning of Penjor is as thanks for blessings that have
been given and also an offering to God that is symbolized in
all the crops used in it. Penjor is installed always the day be-
fore Galungan and is attached in front of the entrance to the
house with its end facing the street. It is removed a month after the day of Galungan.
The types of bamboo that are often
used to make Penjor are "Bali
Bamboo" (Gigantochloa baliana),
"Tali Bamboo" (Gigantochloa
apus), "Tabah Bamboo" (Gigan-
tochloa nigrociliata), and "Tam-
blang Gading Bamboo" (Schi-
zostachyum brachycladum). "Bali
Bamboo" is a Bali endemic species
which has been developed in many
local communities in Bali and has
been conserved in the Bali Botanic
Garden.

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Picture 1. The Raw

Material of Penjor (Bali Bamboo)
Picture 2. Making Penjor in The Temple
Picture 3. The End of Penjor
Picture 4. A Penjor is Basically a long Tapered Bamboo
Picture 5. Fully Penjor
Picture 6. Penjor alongside a Road

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

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Bamboo Systematics: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

by Thomas R. Soderstrom
The following article was first published in the Journal of the American Bamboo Society, 1985, Vol. 6, No. 1-4, pp. 4-
16, as one of the papers presented at the First International Bamboo Conference, June 28-30, 1985 at Mayagüez,
Puerto Rico. Soderstrom was then curator in the Department of Botany at Smithsonian Institution.
The use of bamboo in Asia certainly must date back to man's earliest times, for wherever man has come
into contact with this plant, he has found a use for it. According to Marden (1980), an ancient dictionary of
the Chinese called the Erh Ya mentions bamboo by the name of "ts'ao," and doubtless many references to tree
grasses under other names are to be found in other early accounts. But while the earliest bamboo technology
and artistry belong to the Chinese, who have always lived among it, an understanding of bamboo systematics
and the earliest scientific classifications belong to the Europeans. According to Ruprecht (1839), the first
mention of bamboo in Western literature was made in a letter from Alexander the Great to Aristotle and re-
ferred to by Pliny (23-79 A.D.) in his encyclopedic Natural History of 37 books.
I have attempted to search out the earliest references to bamboo that played a role in the ultimate estab-
lishment of the name in scientific literature. We are first drawn to a learned man known in later times as the
"Prince of Physicians," Ibn Sina, or Avicenna, who was born in Bokhara, Persia (now Iran) in 980 A.D. and
who became educated in all branches of science known at the time. This was during the flowering of the in-
tellectual Arabic world. Avicenna travelled from court to court in Central Asia looking for a place for his tal-
ents and eventually settled down as physician to one of the rulers. His Canon of medicine was a "codifica-
tion" of the whole of ancient and Muslim knowledge and is considered to be one of the highest achievements
in Arabic culture. It became the textbook of medicinal study in European universities and as recently as 1650
was stilll used at Montpellier. In this book, Avicenna refers to a medication known as "Tabaxir," which in
Arabic means milk or juice or a liquid which is condensed. In the same book, Avicenna also referred
to"Mambu," which later authors took to be a reference to bamboo.
During the sixteenth century, the southwestern flank of India, known as the Malabar coast, was conquered
by the Portuguese, who established their colony of Goa. Here lived its most famous early citizen, Garcia de
Orta, a physician who tended a garden of native plants, learned everything there was to know about their
uses and wrote an important treatise called the Coloquios dos Simples e Drogas da India. This book, which
appeared in 1563, was the first to be publishesd on Indian plants. In it, Garcia da Orta talks of "tabaxir" and
refers to the earlier reference by Avicenna. Garcia da Orta states that the indigenous peoples (of Goa) called
this "Saccar Mambu," derived from the words "açucar de mambu," which in turn came from the Portuguese
word "açucar" for sugar and "mambu," a local Indian word for cane or the branch of a tree. Da Orta stated
that the merchants called this "tabaxir mambu" and that it was exported as a medication from India by the
Arabs, Persians and Turks. The illustration he gave of the plant from which this tabaxir was derived and the
accompanying description must certainly have been some plant other than a bamboo, perhaps sugarcane.
Thus while later authors referred to Avicenna's plant as bamboo, I believe this was in error.
We shall leave Avicenna of eleventh-century Persia and Garcia da Orta of sixteenth-century India and
travel to the city of Basel, Switzerland, where we find Caspar Bauhin (1560-1624), a physician and botanist
at the University of Basel. Bauhin studied at Basel, Padua, Bologne, Montpellier, Tübigen and Paris, taking
his doctorate at Basel where he became professor of botany and anatomy. During his extensive travels, he
had made botanical collections and formed acquaintances throughout Europe, building up an herbarium of
several thousand plants, not only from Europe but from far-away countries as well.
Bauhin spent some 40 years in assembling data on all plants known at the time and listing all references
under each name. His book, commonly known as the Pinax, appeared in 1623. He used the name "Arundo"
for reed grasses and devoted several pages to plants in this category. Under the different kinds of "Arundo"
from India, his first is "Arundo arbor," i.e., a woody or treelike reed. He stated that the substance derived
from this plant was called Tabaxir by Avicenna and the Arabs and that the plant was known as "Mambu" by

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the Indians. He also listed Garcia da Orta's reference to the following (in translation): "Cana Tabaxir and
Arundo, which the Indians call Bambus." For the source of information on "Bambus" he cites a reference to
part 4 of "India Orient, (Indiae Orientalis), cap. 3," a compilation of natural history articles edited by Johann
DeBry. In his description of the plants, Bauhin states that they are reeds of very pleasing aspect, are very tall,
black, round, thick, and grow spontaneously all over the Malabar coast and especially near Coromandel (the
eastern coast of India). He goes on to mention their presence in Pegu (Burma) and in Bantam (Java), and
talks of their use in India for making houses and their use by barbarians in Brazil to produce arrows. While
Bauhin certainly referred at least in part to bamboo under his "Arundo arbor," he included other elements
such as "Tabaxir." 'While Bauhin had several elements in his "Arundo arbor," it is his use of the word "Bam-
bus" that is important, for it was utilized by Linnaeus in 1753 as the basis of his "Arundo bambos," from
which the genus name Bambusa was later adapted.
We must remember that up until the time of Bauhin, only four thousand or so plants were known, but many
names were used for these. Bauhin brought great order out of chaos and gave us our first nomenclatural tag,
albeit inexact, for bamboos—"Arundo arbor."
The famous Malabar coast, where Garcia da Orta lived in the 1500's, came under Dutch rule in the follow-
ing century, and from 1669-1677 the Dutch Commander of Malabar was Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede tot
Draakestein. Rheede was born in Amsterdam in 1636 of a distinguished family but was orphaned at four and
went abroad at the early age of 14. He entered the service of the Dutch East India company as a soldier and
rose to the rank of lieutenant and fought to wrest control of the Malabar coast from the Portuguese, subse-
quently developing good relations with the King of Cochin. At the time, medicines had to be transported
from Holland to the colonies, a costly trip that took many months. Rheede was aware of the great medicinal
use made by the natives of the plants of the richly vegetated Malabar Coast and sought to bring knowledge of
these plants together in an organized fashion. He employed several Brahmins who knew the plants well to
gather information for his Hortus Malabaricus, a work that eventually consisted of 12 volumes, the first of
which appeared in Amsterdam in 1678. While no specimens were made of the plants illustrated in this book,
the plate (number 16) of bamboo, known in the local language of Malayalam as "Illy," is possibly the first
published illustration of a bamboo of scientific value. He worked with several scientific collaborators in pro-
ducing his Hortus Malabaricus, among them Jan Commelin, who wrote the remarks on "Illy." Commelin
(1626-1692), who was a druggist and a member of the town council of Amsterdam, studied botany in his
spare time and helped Rheede on the second and later volumes. He also founded the Amsterdam Botanic
Garden and mentioned many of the plants cultivated in that garden.
Even though the illustration in Hortus Malabaricus is poor, the name "Illy," which identifies the plant, is
used to this day for the common thorny bamboo of southern India. Commelin commented at length upon the
bamboo and called it "Arundo arbor," citing Avicenna and Bauhin's Pinax. Thus, while various names were
again employed, Hortus Malabaricus was the first to provide an illustration of the plant in addition to a local
name.
At the time that Commelin was preparing the comments on the bamboo for the text, he had the drawing of
the bamboo from the Malabar coast, which included flowering branches. He also received some specimens
that had recently been collected in Ceylon by Paul Hermann, a Dutch botanist who had been to that island
between 1670 and 1677. If plants of the Malabar Coast and Ceylon flowered at the same time, Hermann and
Rheede must have seen them between 1674 and April of 1675. At the top of page 25 in Hortus Malabaricus,
Commelin comments that this plant flowers every 60 years and dies, the first reference to my knowledge of a
flowering cycle in bamboos.
Hermann's return to Holland came just before the birth in 1681 of George Clifford, who became a wealthy
banker and proprietor of a large estate in central Holland called "de Hartecamp." The young Swedish physi-
cian and botanist, Carolus Linnaeus, went to Holland in 1735, where he spent the next few years. Part of this
time was at de Hartecamp, where he was hired as Clifford's personal physician with duties to catalog the
plants on the estate, acquire new ones and publish manuscripts on these. In 1737 appeared the results of Lin-
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naeus' efforts in the form of the now-famous book, Hortus Cliffortianus. Linnaeus listed here an "Arundo
arbor," so we know at least that Clifford had a bamboo in cultivation at his estate at the time.
While Linnaeus was working for Clifford, the Dutch botanist, Adriaan van Royen, prepared an account of
the plants cultivated in the botanic garden at Leiden, the Flora Leydensis Prodromus of 1740. In this listing,
van Royen also included an "Arundo arbor." It is interesting to note that Bauhin in his Pinax of 1623 had
cited a fragment of a plant from this botanic garden under his "Arundo arbor," so whatever the bamboo in
cultivation in Holland in 1740, it had probably been there at least since the first part of the seventeenth cen-
tury.
These earlier publications of Linnaeus were leading up to the work for which he is most known, the Spe-
cies Plantarum of 1753, on page 81 of which he used the binomial, Arundo bambos. Linnaeus did not give a
description but cited previous works and authorities whose concepts were unclear: Caspar Bauhin's Pinax
(page 18), his own Hortus Cliffortianus (page 25) and Flora Zeylanica (page 47), and the Flora Leydensis
Prodromus of Royen (cited as "Roy. lugdb.," page 67). "Tabaxir & Mombu [sic] Arbor" of the Historia Plan-
tarum Universalis by Jean Bauhin and Johann Heinrich Cherler, volume 1, page 222, were also listed. Lin-
naeus also cited "Ily" [sic] from Rheede's Hortus Malabaricus, volume 1, page 25, table 16. Certainly the
"species" of Linnaeus included all bamboos up to his time and while the circumscription was confusing it is
important to note that all formal botanical nomenclature commences with this publication of 1753. In other
words, Arundo bambos of Linnaeus, 1753, is the first validly published name of a bamboo in scientific litera-
ture.
The next bamboo to be described is Arundo gigantea, the "large cane" of southern United States, which
appeared in Walter's Flora Caroliniana of 1788. By this time, the binomial system of nomenclaure of Lin-
naeus was becoming widely adopted, and as more and more plants were described, it became apparent that
many species represented distinct genera. And so it became clear that the myriad species included under
Arundo represented in fact a number of distinct genera. In 1789, two botanists, Retzius and Schreber, decided
that what had been called Arundo bambos represented a distinct genus from Arundo. Retzius called it Bam-
bos, employing the specific name as the new genus name as was the custom, while Schreber did the same
thing but used the Latin form, Bambusa. This latter name has since been the accepted form. The herbarium
sheet from which Retzius, a professor at the Swedish University in Lund, made his description consisted of
two elements, a thorny bamboo and a non-thorny one. He had received earlier imperfect specimens from
travelers and supplemented this material with good flowering material sent by Koenig. In making Arundo
bambos a genus, Retzius chose "arundinacea" as the specific name and described the species on the basis of
the two different bamboos which he had mounted on one sheet. The sheet with these two elements is to this
day in the Lund Herbarium. Although we cannot be sure from the Lund sheet which material came from
Koenig, we may conjecture that it is the non-thorny one. A specimen of Koenig's bamboo, probably a dupli-
cate of the Lund material, is at the British Museum and is a non-thorny bamboo, which we now know as
Bambusa vulgaris.
Johan Gerhard Koenig (1728-1789) was a missionary-surgeon, born in the Duchy of Courland (between
Poland and Russia), who went to Uppsala to learn medicine. When he was middle-aged, he joined the Tran-
quebar Mission as a surgeon and naturalist and studied the flora of the Madras Coast. He sent specimens to
Retzius between 1768 and 1778 before leaving for Siam and the Malay Peninsula.
In 1790, another well-known bamboo was described, this one by João de Loureiro (1717-1791), a Portu-
guese missionary and naturalist who worked in Moçambique, Goa and Cochinchina (now South Vietnam).
The bamboo was called Arundo multiplex (later recognized as a species of Bambusa), a common hedge bam-
boo of the region. Many botanists have felt that the short description given by Loureiro was insufficient to
know which species the author had in mind, especially since the author made no herbarium specimen for fu-
ture reference. Most botanists and horticulturists have therefore taken up a later name, Bambusa glaucescens.
In my opinion, however, there is enough information in the original description to leave no doubt as to the
bamboo Loureiro was describing. For one, he gave the common name as "Cay hóp," and there are only three
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bamboos from the region with "hóp" in the name: Loureiro's bamboo and two named later by Munro as
Bambusa tuldoides and Bambusa flexuosa. The latter is thorny and not used in hedges so can be ruled out,
and the former has culms larger than one inch in diameter as described by Loureiro for his species. This
leaves only the one hedge bamboo. A further point, overlooked by other authorities as far as I know, is that
Loureiro describes the flower as having three stigmas that are sessile on the ovary. This is indeed true of
"multiplex" but not of B. tuldoides in which there is a style that precedes the three stigmas. It is clear that
Loureiro was describing the common hedge bamboo known since as Bambusa multiplex or B. glaucescens.
Since B. multiplex is the earlier name, and the identification is not in doubt, it must be used.
While we cannot review the description of each new species, it is interesting to see what these early entities
were. In 1791 Nastus borbonicus was described by Gmelin from the island of Réunion, and in 1803 Michaux
elevated Arundo gigantea to the genus Arundinaria. So at this time, we have the three earliest described gen-
era of bamboos: Bambusa, Arundinaria and Nastus.
Our most common bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris, was cultivated in Europe by the early 1800's, and how long
before that I do not know. J.C. Wendland, a horticulturist at Hannover, Germany, was working on a book,
Sertum Hannoveranum, with his colleague, Professor Heinrich Adolph Schrader of Göttingen. When Wend-
land's bamboo came into flower in Hannover he sent a specimen to Schrader. Schrader suggested "vulgaris"
as a good name for this species new to science, which in fact Wendland used when he described it. That the
name was suggested by Schrader and the actual description written by Wendland is reflected in the formal
taxonomic name of this most common bamboo: Bambusa vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland.
In the early 1800's, the East India Company was flourishing, and headquarters of the enterprise had been
established at Calcutta. Across the Hoogly river was the Company's Garden, of which Dr. William Roxburgh
was the director. In 1814 appeared his listing of the plants in cultivation at the Garden under the title of Hor-
tus Bengalensis. In the list were seven bamboos, all of which are to this day important cultivated bamboos. I
have added the current names in brackets: Bambusa arundinacea [bambos], B. tulda, B. balcooa, B. [Den-
drocalamus] stricta, B. nana [actually multiplex of a different species?], B. spinosa [bambos] and B. [Melo-
canna] baccifera.
By now the number of genera and species of bamboos was increasing at a rapid pace, and in the first really
good natural system of classification of grasses, Kunth recognized bamboos as one of his ten natural groups
of genera. In his paper, publishesd when the young German of twenty-seven was working in Paris, Kunth
referred to the group as "Gramina Bambusacea." This excellent botanist was followed by another of equal
stature, the great Nees von Esenbeck (1776-1858), who was a naturalist, physician and professor of botany at
universities in Erlangen, Bonn and Breslau. In 1835, he published a book on the bamboos of Brazil (Bam-
buseae Brasilienses), in which he included Streptochaeta as one of the bamboo groups and was thus the first
to recognize a relationship between woody and herbaceous species. Nees divided the bamboos into three
groups: a, Bambuseae (with Bambusa); b, Arundinariae (with Arundinaria); and c, Streptochaeta (by itself
and not in a tribe). In his treatment of Bambuseae, he recognized 2 subgenera, Bambusa and Guadua.
By 1839, Ruprecht, working in St. Petersburg (now Leningrad), published his Bambuseas Monographic
and included 67 taxa, representing the first worldwide treatment of bamboos. Franz Joseph Ruprecht (1814-
1870), who had been born in Freiburg, Germany, spent 31 years in St. Petersburg and for part of the time was
director of the Botanical Museum there. He had studied under the great agrostologist, Trinius, and completed
his bamboo monograph when he was only twenty-five!
The next monograph of bamboos to appear was that of Colonel William Munro. Since this world mono-
graph of 1868, there has been none other, and it remains a classic, to this day one of the most useful original
references on bamboos. Munro was born in 1818, and at the age of 16 joined the English army, eventually
rising to the rank of general in the 39th Regiment. He saw much active service in India and was severely
wounded in the Battle of Maharajpore. In the various places where he was stationed, among them India,
Canada and the West Indies he established gardens for the recreation and comfort of his soldiers. His beauti-
fully written introduction is a must for all to read. In it he speaks of Ruprecht who had described nine genera
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and 67 species, of which he had seen 55 in flower. Munro states that he has reduced the number of species to
50 and has in his monograph described upwards of 170 species in 20 genera, "showing how largely our
knowledge of this family has increased in the last twenty-five years." Munro's system was based on the
foundation that Nees had laid down earlier but expanded to include many new taxa. All of the groups and
subgroups that Munro recognized have remained in systems to this day, even though we may use other
names or place them at other ranks. Munro, like Nees before him, had a keen perception of natural relation-
ships, and the two must be counted among the best in bamboo systematics.
At about the time Munro was preparing his monograph, a young German, Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz, born in
1833 in Munich and a pupil of the famous Martius, was curator of the herbarium in Calcutta but left for In-
donesia where he learned all he could of bamboos. His long paper on "Bamboo and its Use," which appeared
in 1876, is full of original information. He was the first to make observations on the special nature of the pro-
liferating bamboo spikelet, the type later to be studied in more detail by McClure (1934), who called it
"pseudospikelet." Kurz's plan to write an account of the bamboos of India ended with his premature death at
Penang (Malaysia) in December of 1877. His notes and specimens, however, were later used by Gamble in
his treatment.
I think it is interesting here to note that in 1887 Adrien Franchet, a botanist at the Muséum National d'His-
toire Naturelle in Paris, wrote a small paper in which he described new genera of bamboos from French
Congo: Atractocarpa, Guaduella, Microcalamus and Puelia. He referred to these as miniature bamboos and
is, to my knowledge, the first botanist to recognize herbaceous bamboos since Nees, who had included the
American genus, Streptochaeta. Franchet, it may be recalled, described some interesting woody bamboos as
well—the curious Glaziophyton from Brazil, which he named in honor of the French landscaper and botanist
in Rio de Janeiro, M. Glaziou (1889), and Fargesia, which he named for the French missionary in Sichuan
province of China, Abbé Farges (1893). (We now know that Microcalamus is not a bamboo and that Atracto-
carpa is congeneric with Puelia, but apart from that, all of his other genera are recognized to this day.)
Little research has been done on the bamboos of Africa since the time of Franchet, but the same cannot be
said of India and Burma, and here the town of Dehra Dun in northern India plays a big role. Sir Dietrich
Brandis, who like Beethoven before him, was born in Bonn, was called upon by the British to help them in
matters of forestry, in which the Germans had much more experience. Brandis was in Burma between 1856
and 1862 where he was the superintendent of Forests in Pegu, which is the large area of forest in the southern
part of that country. In 1878, he founded the forestry school at Dehra Dun, which to this day remains a strong
force in forestry in Asia. While Brandis did not work principally on bamboos, he published a remarkable pa-
per in 1907 on the structure of bamboo leaves and noted the great similarity in features of the leaf anatomy
and epidermis of different bamboos. Interestingly, he also looked at leaves of Olyra, Diandrolyra, Leptaspis
and Pharus and remarked on the similarity of these leaves to those of the bamboos. The anatomical figures
that accompany this paper are superior.
James Sykes Gamble, who had been born in London in 1847, had his practical training at the Ecole Na-
tional des Eaux et Forêts at Nancy, France, and then went to India in 1871, where he spent many years in the
Indian Forest Service. In 1890, he was appointed Director of the Imperial Forest School at Dehra Dun where
he remained until 1899. He wrote several important works on the forests of India and Burma, among them a
monograph on the bamboos of British India, which appeared in 1896 in the Annals of the Royal Botanic
Garden, Calcutta. Gamble's first-hand knowledge of bamboos can be felt throughout his excellent work, ac-
companied by illustrations made in India from fresh material. This treatise covers 15 genera and 115 species
and contains 119 plates, certainly the most exhaustive work to its time. The publication was prepared at the
herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, which had earlier been consulted by Munro and contained at
the time the best bamboo herbarium in the world.
By the beginning of this century, the study of bamboos had progressesd rapidly with major emphasis on
those of India. No further world monographs of bamboos have appeared in this century except for that of
E.-G. Camus of the same museum where Franchet had worked. His book, Les Bambusées —Monographie,
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Biologie, Culture, Principaux Usages, appears to be most useful since it is a compilation of all previous
works, but it was pooorly done and cannot be relied upon.
During the early years in this century, a young American from Ohio, Floyd Alonzo McClure, went to Ling-
nan University in Canton, China to teach biology. There he became interested in economic plants, particu-
larly bamboos, which he saw all about him. So intrigued by these plants was he that he worked on the mor-
phology of the spikelet and published a paper on the pseudospikelet as found in Schizostachyum (1934). In
later years he returned to the United States and worked at the Smithsonian Institution where his plans were to
revise all of the bamboo genera for Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. By the time of his death in 1971, he
had mostly completed the manuscript for just the New World bamboos.
I must introduce McClure in this discussion for two facts: one, in 1946, he chose the 1678 illustration of
Rheede as the type species of the genus Bambusa. The correct name for this bamboo is thus Bambusa bam-
bos, which combination had first been made by Voss in 1896. This name takes precedence over Bambusa
arundinacea, which has most generally been used for the thorny bamboo of India. Two, in 1961 McClure
published a description of the subfamily Bambusoideae, which was thorough and detailed but included only
the woody members.
In this same year, 1961, Professor Lorenzo R. Parodi, an eminent agrostologist from Argentina, defined the
subfamily Bambusoideae as it applied to representatives from his country. In the subfamily he included all of
the woody bamboos under the tribe Bambuseae, but placed the herbaceous members in three tribes—
Olyreae, Phareae and Streptochaeteae.
During my discussions with McClure toward the end of the 1960's and just before his death in 1971, we
talked of the herbaceous grasses that so resemble the woody bamboos, and he agreed that all should be
treated in the same subfamily. McClure (in McClure and Smith, 1967:3) mentioned how Parodi had brought
into sharper focus the "long-recognized bambusoid affinities of certain other gramineous genera toward the
bamboos."
In summary, we find that the principal steps in the history of bamboo classification are the following:
1623. Caspar Bauhin in his Pinax lists bamboos under "Arundo arbor."
1753. Linnaeus, in Species Plantarum, gives bamboos their first formal name in botanical nomenclature,
Arundo bambos, a name that embraced more than one taxon.
1789. Retzius in Sweden and Schreber in Germany recognize bamboo as a distinct genus, the former calling
it Bambos and the latter Bambusa.
1815. Kunth recognized bamboos as one of his ten natural groups of grasses and thus conceptualized what
we know today as the subfamily Bambusoideae.
1835. Nees von Esenbeck establishes the first system of classification for bamboos in his treatment of Brazil -
ian bamboos, recognizing three groups—two of which were woody, Bambuseae (with Bambusa), and
Arundinariae (with Arundinaria)—and one of which was herbaceous, Streptochaeteae (with Strepto-
chaeta).
1961. Parodi formalizes the subfamily Bambusoideae in establishing a system of classification for the grasses
of Argentina. In this system he included all of the woody bamboos in a single tribe, Bambuseae, and
allocated the herbaceous members to three tribes—Olyreae, Phareae and Streptochaeteae.
Since Parodi's publication there have been numerous papers on all subjects of bamboos and this is not the
place to comment upon them. While many new genera and species have been described and further work on
morphology and anatomy confirms the validity of the system developd up to the time of Parodi, no basic new
concepts in the classification of bamboos have really been introduced.
Presently there is a great deal of interest in bamboo systematics, and many new taxa are being described,
especially from tropical America and the People's Republic of China. Research is also being made in silvicu-
lure and utilization, particularly in the People's Republic of China. A good idea of bamboo activities in Asia
may be found in Lessard and Chouinard (1980) Bamboo Research in Asia (the proceedings of a workshop
held in Singapore May 28-30, 1980). I commend the horticultural efforts of the American Bamboo Society,
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which is introducing new taxa for cultivation as ornamentals. There are so many beautiful species worthy of
cultivation in this country, especially temperate genera like Drepanostachyum of the Himalayas and
Chusquea of the Andes and tropical genera like Schizostachyum and Thyrsostachys. Because of the economic
value of bamboo, most research will continue to focus upon practical problems, but I would like to point out
the kinds of scientific studies that I feel should be pursued as well.
1. Fieldwork
Highest on my agenda would be extensive fieldwork and field observations. While new laboratory tech-
niques and methods of analysis are useful in studying species we already know, there is nothing to compare
with completely new material. Each collecting trip that we have made to eastern Brazil, for example, has
yielded new taxa, the study of which helps us to understand other genera to which they are related. One ex-
ample is a new genus from Bahia, which is related to Guadua. A study of it has helped us define the genus
Guadua itself and recognize its distinctiveness from Bambusa, with which genus McClure (1973) and others
had merged it. New genera are not always in out-of-the-way places. Olmeca, a genus that I recently de-
scribed (1981), grows abundantly on both sides of a road in Veracruz that leads to the Biological Station of
the University of Mexico. For years students and professors of botany have driven by this bamboo, little real-
izing that it was a genus unknown to science.
The area of most interest for collecting is the Malagasy Republic where almost all of the bamboos are en-
demic and of which we have little well-collected material. There are more different kinds of bamboo on the
island of Madagascar than there are on the whole coastal forests of Brazil and other regions of lowland tropi-
cal America, particularly the Guianas and low hill regions between the Amazon basin and the Andes. The
mountains should continue to yield novelties to science. The forests of tropical West Africa must also be ex-
plored and I hope they will provide us with further species of herbaceous bamboos.
2. Morphological and anatomical studies
Characters from leaf anatomy are useful in classifying grasses in general, and the similarity in basic struc-
ture among woody and herbaceous bamboos has been a strong factor in maintaining the groups within the
same subfamily. A survey of leaf anatomy of bamboos, which I have made with Dr. Roger Ellis of Pretoria,
has allowed us to discern the major lines of evolution in the subfamily.
Once we have studied the anatomy, the next most important organ to survey is the flower, particularly the
gynecium and resulting fruit, including the embryo and seedling. Holttum, in his important paper of 1956 on
bamboo classification, stressed the importance of the ovary. Few studies have been made to date on the gy-
necium but we are presently sectioning ovaries of all bamboos for which we have material. Careful analyses
should also be made of rhizomes for only the general nature of the sympodial, amphipodial and monopodial
systems is known.
3. Biological studies
This is the area in which we have the least amount of information. Perhaps because scientists have found
bamboos difficult to collect and name, they have left them alone. The unusual cyclic flowering behavior of
bamboos is well known, and while anecdotal information is plentiful, few scientific studies of an experimen-
tal nature have ever been made on the subject. We are trying to rectify this situation in a bamboo flowering
research program at the Tropical Agriculture Research Station at Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. While one objec-
tive of this program is to induce flowering outside of the normal cycle, we are interested in a number of re-
lated problems. For example, are bamboos self-crossing, outcrossing or both? We need more information on
seed-set and data on seed germination. Chromosome counts, although known for some bamboo taxa, are few,
mostly because flowers are seldom available. For this reason efforts should be directed toward processing of
root tips for chromosome counts.
Fruit dispersal in the Bambusoideae is also a subject worthy of further investigation. In many taxa the fruits
fall to the ground and grow near the parent plant, the situation we find in most bamboos. Herbaceous bam-
boos, however, have evolved various adaptations to enhance their dispersal. The infructescence of Pharus

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clings to the fur of passing animals, a phenomenon known as epizoochory. A specialized movement of the
glumes of Raddia at spikelet maturity causes the fruits to be ejected, a phenomenon known as ballistochory.
4. Physiological and biochemical studies
The study of enzyme systems in plants has received much attention in recent years and may prove useful in
bamboos, although few papers on the subject, such as that of Chou et al. (1984), have yet been published. In
many plant groups, differences in isozymes have been used to distinguish clones, and we are hopeful that this
technique may work to distinguish bamboo clones as well. New techniques, such as DNA hybridization, will
doubtless prove to be an important means of measuring relationships between taxa of the Bambusoideae.
Many of the bambusoid grasses exhibit leaf movements at night. While Brongniart (1860) commented on
sleep movements in Raddia (as Strephium) guianensis, the general extent of this phenomenon in herbaceous
bambusoid grasses was not reported in the literature until recently (Soderstrom, 1980). In all of the taxa that
we have observed, the leaves fold upward at night, but in Lithachne they fold downward. Here is a phe-
nomenon we have observed only because we have cultivated these bambusoid grasses and been able to ob-
serve them at night.
Studies presently being undertaken by Dr. Gerald Deitzer of the Smithsonian's Environmental Research
Center in Rockville, Maryland, and by David Edelman in Puerto Rico show that the seeds of Lithachne do
not germinate immediately but do so only after several months. There are few published studies on seed
germination in bamboos and none to my knowledge in the herbaceous species.
The successful tissue-culturing of bamboo would be most desirable, not only to produce material for ex-
perimental purposes but to provide new plants for cultivation. I do not know of any case in which mature
plants have yet been produced by this method. Some success has been made at the early stages of growth in a
few bamboos by Huang and Murashige (1983).
5. Taxonomy
Revisions must be made of all genera, with keys to the species and descriptions of them, and should in-
clude all studies on the plants that are practicable, from anatomical and morphological to biological and
chemical. The data can now be analyzed in new ways and with the aid of computer programs.
Primitive and advanced (derived) characters in the species can be compared in a relatively new method
called "cladistics" (see Humphries and Funk, 1984). In collaboration with Dr. H.S. Blommestein of the Neth-
erlands I have completed a cladistic analysis of the genus Olyra and the tribe Olyreae and anticipate making
similar analyses of the remaining tribes of the Bambusoideae.
The ultimate aim in the systematics of the Bambusoideae is to have an understanding of all bambusoid taxa
that occur on the surface of the earth and to know their distribution, how to recognize them, how they are
related to one another and how they got to where they are. Each new study helps to confirm or disprove what
we have previously believed.
Of all the grasses the Bambusoideae are still the most poorly known. Apart from their beauty and utility,
bamboos offer unlimited opportunities for scientific investigation.

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Chou, C-H., C-M. Yang, and S-S. Sheen, 1984. A biochemical aspect of phylogenetic study of Bambusaceae in Taiwan, 1. The
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12 figures, Itajaí, Brazil: Tipografia Blumenauense S.A.
Marden, L., 1980. Bamboo: the giant grass, National Geographic 158(4): 502-528.
Michaux, A., 1803. Flora boreali-americana… Paris, Strasbourg, 2 volumes.
Munro, W., 1868. A monograph of the Bambusaceae, including descriptions of all the species, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 26: 1-157,
6 plates.
Nees von Esenbeck, C.G.D., 1835. Bambuseae brasilienses: recensuit et alias in India Orientalis provenientes adjecit, Linnaea, 9:
461-494.
Parodi, L.R., 1961. La taxonomía de las Gramineae Argentinas a la luz de las investigaciones más recientes, in Recent Advances in
Botany (from lectures and symposia presented to the IX International Botanical Congress, Montreal, 1959), 1: 125-130, To-
ronto: University of Toronto Press.
Retzius, A.J., 1789. Observationes botanicae… vol. 5, Leipzig.
Rheede tot Draakestein, H.A. van., 1678-1703. Hortus indicus malabaricus… Amsterdam.
Roxburgh, W., 1814. Hortus bengalensis, or a catalogue of the plants growing in the honorable East India Company's botanic gar-
den at Calcutta, Serampore.
Royen, A. van., 1740. Florae leydensis prodromus… Lugdium Batavorum.
Ruprecht, F.J., 1839. Bambuseas monographice exponit, Pages 1-75, 18 plates, St. Petersburg: Typis Caesareae Scientiarum. (This
appeared as a preprint of the following: 1840, "Bambuseas monographice exponit" in Mémoires de l'Academie Imperiale des
Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, sixième série (Sciences Naturelles), 3: 91-165, plates 1-18).
Schrader, H.A. and J.C. Wendland., 1795-1798. Sertum hannoveranum… Göttingen and Hannover.
Schreber, J.C.D. von., 1789-1791. Caroli a Linne… Genera plantarum… editio octava… Frankfurt.
Soderstrom, T.R., 1980. A new spescies of Lithachne (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and remarks on its sleep movements, Brittonia
32(4): 495-501.
——, 1981. Olmeca, a new genus of bamboos with fleshy fruits, Amer. J. Bot. 68: 1361-1374.

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 17

Voss, A., ed., (1894-) 1896. Vilmorin's Blumengärtnerei: Beschreibung, Kultur und Verwendung des gesamten Pflanzenmaterials
für deutsche Gärten, 2 volumes, Berlin: Paul Parey.
Walter, T., 1788. Flora caroliniana… 263 pages, London: J. Fraser.
Wendland, J.C., 1810. Collectio plantarum… 2: 26-30, pl. 47.

2010 BOTA Report

1. BOTA Student Assistance Program
Lynn Clark, the BOTA-SAP Review Committee Chair, received several pre-proposals during the year.
However, at the time of this report no proposals have been funded in 2010.
2. Andean bamboo collection in two Quito (Ecuador) urban parks
At the end of 2007 we funded a project titled, “Andean Bamboo Collection in Quito (Ecuador) City Parks,”
to establish living collections of native Andean bamboos in highly-visited Quito urban parks during 2008-09,
in cooperation with a city park administration. The project is very close to completion.
3. Dr. Peggy Stern Travels to China as BOTA South American Director
Peggy Stern, South American Regional Director of BOTA, participated in the World Expo Shanghai as a
speaker at the 2010 International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR) Congress on May 20-22. She
gave presentations on experiences with Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification of bamboo forests
and plantations in Latin American and the role of bamboo forests to mitigate climate change through the en-
vironmental services they provide, such as watershed protection, slope stabilization and accumulation of for-
est carbon.
4. Association of Zoological Horticulture (AZH) and BOTA Receive Second Conservation Grant in
2010 to Continue Developing the Bamboo Collections and Activities at Panama’s Summit Park and
Zoo
The 2008 AZH Conservation Grant allowed Mike Bostwick, Curator of Horticulture at the San Diego Zoo,
and BOTA Director Gib Cooper to travel to Panama and begin work in renovating Summit botanical gar-
den’s bamboo collection. In 1923 the 135-acre Summit Municipal Park was created as an experimental tropi-
cal garden administered by the Panama Canal Company. Tropical species were brought in from all over the
world in order to discover what benefits they could bring to mankind. The Missouri Botanical Gardens had a
station here for almost 30 years, and David Fairchild, who would later go on to create Fairchild Tropical Bo-
tanical Gardens, is one of Summit’s creators. In 1943-1946 Dr. F. A. McClure was involved in the bamboo
garden design and the Bamboo Walk plantings that for the most part exist today. However, there is a great
deal of renovation needed to bring Summit’s botanical collection into the desired state relevant for educa-
tional and conservation programs.
The 2010 grant was awarded with the following objectives:
• Improve the existing Bamboo Walk area with its beautiful collection of exotic Asian species and the un-
developed exotic bamboo area with a landscape plan connecting the far ends of the walk at the tapir display
with a new native herbaceous and woody bamboo garden.
• Produce architectural plans for the park’s main entrance using Guadua bamboo. The plan set includes
a roofed gateway, a nursery entrance for retail sales and other bamboo structures within the park as desig-
nated.
• Expand propagation of bamboos in nursery for retail sales and reforestation projects.
• Develop signage, educational programs and research activities around a bamboo theme, “The plant
of 1000 uses” that would exemplify housing, furniture, food, textiles, erosion control, conservation, animal
habitat and landscape uses.
5. Report from Jorge Lezcano, recipient of a jointly funded grant in 2009 from AZH and BOTA.
Jorge Lezcano received an award for the field-collecting of Panamanian native bamboo to be the founda-
tion of the new research and the native bamboo collection. The collaborative project includes partial support
from BOTA and AZH with advisory help from Drs. Lynn Clark and Mireya Correa.
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 18

6. Other news
BOTA’s Executive Director Gib Cooper participated in the 2010 AZH annual meeting in San Diego. Mike
Bostwick and Gib Cooper jointly presented the results of the 2008 AZH Conservation Grant with a power-
point presentation titled, “Summit Park: Panama Bamboo Education, Restoration and Conservation.”
BOTA Director for Europe, Luc Boerauve, made a presentation to the European Bamboo Society’s 2010
annual meeting. He reviewed the BOTA mission and programs but gave special attention to the 2008 BOTA
eco-tour to Ecuador led by Dr. Peggy Stern.
BOTA’s Regional Director for Central/North America, Gilberto Cortés, has some interesting ideas for us to
develop. He writes:
1) Catalog of Common Names of Native America Bamboos. The objective is to know the words used to
designate the native bamboos in America. Includes knowing more about the origin of the name, the group of
people who use it, the word’s meaning, including phonetic pronunciation and photographs.
2) The Use of Bamboo Basketry in Americas. A catalog of which native species are used by people in the
Americas to produce baskets, etc, woven products similar to those made with Tzanica in Mexico. The project
focus is Ethno-botany. He recommends coordination with the Latin American Botanical Society.
The Generation of Bar Codes for Mexican Bamboo Species
Dr. Teresa Mejia from the Ecological Institute of Xalapa in Veracruz, Mexico is ready to analyze samples
of Mexican bamboo species to assign each species a bar code. Some of these species are difficult to collect in
the wild and are not in the native bamboo collection at Clavijero Botanical Garden. To help with the study,
specimens are to be collected from known collections in the USA and sent to Dr. Mejia’s lab. BOTA will
help by supplying materials and postage to pack and send the samples properly.
7. Financial Report Bambúes de las Américas
January 1, 2010 – September 30, 2010 Bamboo of the Americas (BOTA)
Acct. # 79 40955 – First Farmer's and Merchants 28446 Hunter Creek Loop
National Bank Gold Beach, OR 97444
Mt. Pleasant, TN 38474 Tel. & FAX: 541-247-0835
Balance 10/01/10 (includes $5,000 in CD) $ BAMBOO CONSERVATION ACTION FOR THE
7,761.26 NEW WORLD
Donations: OBA members 1,421.52 http://www.bamboooftheamericas.org/
Interest on Account & 6-mth CD through 09/30/10 Alt. email: [email protected]
52.23 Skype me: BAMBUGIB
Total in: $1,473.56 BOTA is administered by The American Bamboo
Expenses: Society (ABS), a California non-profit
Membership renewal – AZH 150.00 scientific and literary charitable corporation, tax-
Total out: $150 .00 exempt under section 501(C)-3. Contributions to
Total in Account & CD as of 09/30/10 $9,084.82 this project are tax-deductible under federal and
Respectfully submitted, California laws. For more information about ABS
Susanne Turtle visit: http://www.americanbamboo.org/
ABS & BOTA Treasurer
30 Myers Road
Summertown, TN 38483-7323
Phone: 1-931-964-4151
Fax: 1-931-964-4228
e-mail: [email protected],
[email protected]
The 2010 BOTA Report is respectfully submitted
by Gib Cooper, BOTA Executive Director:

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 19

Reports of Bamboo Flowering in 2009

by Betty Shor
Arundinaria gigantea tecta: 2010, May: northwest Georgia, Alabama, U.S.A. (e-mail from AH 10 May
2010): small patch has flowered and has seed heads.
Bambusa textilis 'Mutabilis': 2010, Sept.: Sebastopol, California, U.S.A. (e-mail from Gerhard of No. Cal.
Chapter of ABS, 11 Sept. 2010): plant in 15-gallon pot has two flowers (bought at Bamboo Sourcery).
Chimonocalamus pallens:
2010, May: Benicia, California, U.S.A. (e-mail from David King): an auction plant from Northern Califor -
nia chapter, just put into ground, now has "profuse flowering."
2010, August: Palo Alto, California, U.S.A. (e-mail from Susan Haviland 14 Aug. 2010): several clumps
flowering; some began in spring and others later. She is collecting ripened seeds.
2010, Jan.: Sebastopol, California, U.S.A. (e-mail from Bamboo Sourcery 5 Sept. 2010): started flowering
in January.
Dendrocalamus brandisii: 2010, May: India, Karnataka and Kerala states in south of India (info forwarded
by Kinder Chambers 13 May 2010): gregarious; introduced there in early part of "last century"; probably
the first time the species has flowered in the region.
Fargesia nitida: 2010, March: San Jose, California, U.S.A. (e-mail from Lisa 27 Mar. 2010): plant installed
about a year ago; she sent pictures of flowering.
Gigantochloa levis: 2010, Aug.: Vista, California, U.S.A. (e-mail from Ralph Evans 25 Aug. 2010): began
flowering in March, appears to have viable seeds.
Phyllostachys aureosulcata spectabilis: 2010, May: Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. (e-mail from Kimberly
Swanson): one plant in a 35-gal. pot is flowering.
Pleioblastus shibuyanus 'Tsuboi': 2010, May: Gold Beach, Oregon, U.S.A. (e-mail from Gib Cooper 3 May
2010): in flower.
2010, June: near Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. (e-mail from Brian Rous 29 June 2010): one plant, purchased
from Bamboo Garden in Oregon previous early summer.
Sasa senensis: 2009-10: Nashville, Indiana, U.S.A. (e-mail from Brad Salmon, 12 Feb. 2010): began flower-
ing in fall 2009; entire patch plus some divisions are all flowering.
2010, March: Westchester County, New York, U.S.A. (e-mail from Pam & Doug Love 29 March 2010):
flowering in profusion; plants planted 16 years ago.
2010, May: Westford, Massachusetts, U.S.A. (e-mail from Al Adelman 28 May 2010): his plant now flow-
ering.
2010, August: New York City, New York, U.S.A. (e-mail from Sabine 9 August 2010): whole bunch flow-
ering; Susanne Lucas then reported that it is flowering in many places.
Sinobambusa intermedia: 2010, May: Springfield, Oregon, U.S.A. (e-mail from John Theus 12 June 2010):
"All but 2 culms out of about 50 are in flower."

What or Who is the Culprit?

A woman in Los Angeles sent photos of her oddly damaged bamboo. She wants to know what pest is after
her plants and commented:
"Here are a few “hints”…I’ve had these in my garden for 3 years and they were thriving. I have 3 plants.
Of them, one is under severe attack, another one has a few hits. I think worst damaged might be called Mul-
tiplex Silverstripe [identified by Ralph Evans as Bambusa dolichomerithalla 'Silverstripe'; he sold it to her].
They were purchased from a specialty bamboo nursery north of San Diego … and were in excellent health
until very recently.
"I have noticed wasp like insects the past few days. I have taken photos of them as well. The only other
recent change that might be related is a few months ago I laid down a thick layer (3”) of Earthgro bagged
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 20

cedar mulch. I scraped away most of it because we had a period of rain; it was harboring slugs that were eat-
ing the newest shoots, and it seemed too wet in the area overall. Another detail is that we do have ants
throughout the yard and after these get eaten into, I think the
ants perhaps continue the damage, not sure."
Ralph Evans thought it might be "partial abortion," before
the culm had fully grown, perhaps from early bird-beak
damage." He commented that it is "most often seen on Old-
hamii and tuldoides and other larger-culmed clumpers."
Don Shor suspects "young men with machetes … whack-
ing a culm with whatever they are holding in their hands."
Any other ideas?

Reaching Out
by Susanne Lucas
With such a title, these paragraphs could be about the
spreading rhizomes of Phyllostachys, but actually, I'm refer-
ring to the new outreach by ABS to link its members and at-
tract new ones. At the Annual Meeting in Savannah, it was
discussed, and within 48 hours, new member Ariel Dubov of
New York had set up a Facebook page for ABS!  Over 100
people are already signed on, and pictures and comments
abound.
"Social Media" is the catch-phrase encompassing these
sorts of cyberspace connections, and love it or hate it, these
things are very popular among many people and a great way
to link members over different time zones and geographic regions. While we are communicating in new
ways, our ABS website is getting overhauled with a face-lift and new content. Additionally, a new URL has
been obtained, and although <http://www.americanbamboo.org>www.americanbamboo.org will be linked,
the new site will be <http://www.bamboo.org>www.bamboo.org . Stay tuned to the launching of the revital-
ized site!
So, those of you who spend time on the web and enjoy chatting or uploading pictures to share, sign on to
the American Bamboo Society Facebook page(http://www.facebook.com) as well as another service called
LinkedIn.(http://www.linkedin.com)  Anyone who has access to a computer can join - it is FREE!
Of course, membership in ABS could never be substituted in cyberspace, so don't forget to renew your
membership, and consider giving membership as a GIFT to someone you know who loves bamboo!  Paid
membership will insure you don't miss any issues of BAMBOO magazine, the Bamboo Science and Culture
journal, the Species Source List, and membership in your local Chapter.
To renew on line, go to http://www.americanbamboo.org/GeneralInfoPages/ABSOnlineMembership.php

In Memoriam: Loek Janssen-Dros

The editors express our sorrow to Jules Janssen on the death of his wife Loek. He recently told us about her par-
ticipation in his interest in bamboo: "Loek Janssen-Dros, Jules Janssen’s wife, completely unexpectedly passed away
on November 10, 2010. She had much interest in Jules’ work on bamboo, and she accompanied him several times.
Many people on Hawaii will remember her from the bamboo lectures in July 1997, organized by the Hawaii chapter.
In a similar way she visited the National Bamboo Project in Costa Rica in 1994, the International Bamboo Workshop
in Bali in 1995, the IUFRO congress in Kuala Lumpur in 2000, and some more. She supported him also by proof-
reading his draft texts and suggesting improvements. Many people all over the world will remember her as enthusias-
tic, warm, and very social. May she live in our memory."
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 21

Minutes of the American Bamboo Society

Board of Directors Meeting Northwest; its funds were divided among the
3 November – 6 November 2010 PNWC, the ABS, and Bamboo of the Americas
Directors, Proxies and Officers Present: Steve (BOTA).
Stamper FCC; Jim Bonner LGCC; Daniel Fox NEW BUSINESS —
MSC and Proxy for Brad Salmon, At-Large Direc- Annual Review of Electoral Number (D. King):
tor; David King NCC and Secretary, and Proxy for The number of ABS members which a chapter must
Lynn Clark, At-Large Director; Bill Hollenback have to be represented by an ABS Director is cur-
PNWC; Cliff Sussman SCC; C. William King SEC; rently 40. Only 10 ABS members are needed to ap-
Artie Turner PROXY for Steve Muzos, TBSC; ply to form a chapter. Chapters which are not large
James Clever At-Large Director; Durnford Dart enough to have their own Director are represented
International Director; Sue Turtle Treasurer, SEC by the three At-Large members. With the goal of
and Proxy for Len Lundstrom, HC. maintaining the Bylaws-mandated size of the ABS
Directors Absent, Proxy absent: Susanne Lucas, Board of Directors and maintaining Chapter repre-
Proxy for Michael Bartholomew, NEC. sentation on the Board, a motion (Stamper, second:
Treasurer’s Report: (Sue Turtle) Bonner) to reduce the electoral number to 35, car-
The income/expense report for 2010 to date was ried.
presented. The records of the ABS project Bamboo Rewording of stated objectives of the ABS: It
of the Americas were included but separately iden- was moved and carried (Sussman, second: Clever)
tified. Sue emphasized the need to maintain 75% of to add “Conservation” to the verbiage in Paragraph
ABS expenses as services to members rather than 1 of the Objectives and Purposes (see below). A
administrative expenses in accordance with IRS further motion (Dart, second: Sussman) to change
guidelines for nonprofits. It has been over 90% in “utilization” to “application” in Paragraph 1 car-
past years…. ried. Part of this motion was to reword Paragraph 2
Grants this year included (1) $1000 to the World on Utilization, but specific wording was not de-
Bamboo Organization for its work in post- cided upon.
earthquake Haiti, and (2) $2450 to WA State Uni- OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSES
versity for bamboo research grove support. Funding The objectives of this corporation are:
of the latter is pending signatures of ABS Officers 1. To provide a source of information on the identi-
on a memorandum of understanding. fication, propagation, application, conservation,
A report on a past grant to the Savannah Bamboo culture and appreciation of bamboos. To dissemi-
Farm and Coastal Gardens for signage is on file. nate and store this information, the corporation
The ABS funded $3000 of the total in 2007. maintains a library of references and publishes a
Journal and Newsletter.
OLD BUSINESS — 2. To promote the utilization of a group of desirable
Bylaws Revision: Increasing numbers of sugges- species by development of stocks of plants for dis-
tions for Bylaws changes and updates will be col- tribution to botanic gardens and introduction to the
lected and recommended by the Bylaws Commit- general public.
tee, led by D. King. Guidelines from a State of 3. To preserve and increase the number of bamboo
California website will be sought and followed. species in the United States.
Tom Harlow volunteered to join the committee, and 4. To plant and maintain bamboo gardens to display
one or two other members will be sought. the characteristic beauty of mature plants and to
The Oregon Bamboo Association Chapter ceased provide plant material for research in the taxonomy,
to exist at the end of last year; its members were propagation, and culture of as large a number of
folded into other chapters, primarily the Pacific species as possible.
5. To support bamboo research in the field and to
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 22

establish whatever facilities are deemed necessary Facebook group: Lucas volunteered to get this
to carry out the research projects approved by the going, approved by consensus.
directors. Sussman suggested complimentary/honorary/
Round-table Discussion on Increasing ABS In- lifetime members be asked to convert to digital
come memberships on a voluntary basis which will save
“Welcome” email after joining/renewing: there is ABS costs; consider making all new complimen-
a current automated system for this. tary memberships digital-only. No formal decision
Dan Fox (Membership Chair) reported that a pro- was made.
spective member asked if a senior discount is avail- Import and Quarantine of New Species
able. Sussman noted that APHIS has a new, centralized
Membership cards for discounts at gardens, nurs- method of testing imported bamboos at its facility
eries: Other nonprofit horticultural groups have in Beltsville, MD. Transportation, quarantine and
made such arrangements; Bonner suggested that testing are at taxpayer's expense. Sussman sug-
Bill Hollenback ask vendors on the Species Source gested that ABS arrange to serve as a consultant
List if ABS members could get a 10% discount on group to APHIS for bamboo importation. He will
purchases. continue to be an ABS liaison to APHIS and keep
Timely renewal reminders: The membership chair the Board informed of program details.
sends reminders to members in need of renewal; if Board Meeting Reconvened
no response, the Chapter is to be notified to pursue Election of Officers of the ABS
the renewal. This followthrough needs to be done if The following slate of officers was nominated and
it is not with the present system. Sussman recom- elected by the Board to serve until the conclusion
mended sending postcards to previous ABS mem- of the ABS Annual Meeting in 2011:
bers; Clever suggested waiting until the new web- President James Clever (PNWC)
site is up. Vice President Steve Stamper (FCC)
Advertising/Publicity: Dart suggested press re- Secretary David King (NCC)
leases and editorials, especially concerning the An- Treasurer Sue Turtle (SEC)
nual Meeting. Bill King commented that newspa- Assignments
pers are accepting far fewer releases and notices Advertising Chair: James Clever (PNWC) will con-
than they used to. tinue in this needed position.
There was some sentiment that bamboo meetings Membership Director: Daniel Fox (MSC) volun-
and sales/auctions should be open to the public. teered to continue as membership director.
Clever encouraged having a space at flower/garden Web & Species Source List: Bill Hollenback
shows both for publicity and for its informational (PNWC)
value to teach the public about bamboo. Bylaws Revision: David King (NCC) and commit-
ABS Brochure: Clever urged simplicity to keep tee
recipients' attention. It was agreed that a handout of Website Revision: Bill King (SEC) and committee
some kind is valuable at shows and other live Facebook presence: Susanne Lucas (NEC)
events. The web address should be printed promi- Magazine: Betty and Don Shor (SCC/NCC)
nently on any brochures and business cards used. Journal: Johan Gielis (International)
Turner has participated in the several bamboo fo- APHIS/USDA Liaison: Cliff Sussman (SCC)
rums and groups, and thought they should be con- Bamboo Information: Kinder Chambers (TBSC)
solidated somehow, incorporating advertising. Hol- [Treasurer's Report: Find on ABS website or re-
lenback opined that this might be difficult since quest a copy from Treasurer Sue Turtle]
each has its own character. President's Report of ABS
Sponsorship of non-ABS events: A small finan- The year began with Len Lundstrom preparing a
cial contribution or minor participation in other re- response to the USDA APHIS’s proposed new
lated events might gain exposure for the ABS name changes to the definition of a plant being imported
and attract new members (D. King). for planting. Len’s draft was reviewed by the board
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 23

members, comments (although minor) were incor- Early in the year a member offered a suggestion
porated and the statement was submitted by both that ABS sponsor an annual big-bamboo contest
email and USPS. We received a confirmation that much like the “Big Pumpkin” contest. Discussion
our statement was received, but have not heard seemed to indicate that the idea had some merit but
from APHIS since the submittal. A copy of the there were some inherent problems as, unlike
statement was published in Bamboo for the mem- pumpkins, bamboo is not an annual crop. If the idea
bership. is going to become reality, a champion is needed.
The island of Haiti was struck by an earthquake. Therefore, I contacted Frasier Bingham, the propo-
As Haiti is the poorest nation in the Western Hemi- nent, to take on the task and submit a more detailed
sphere, the event was devastating to the population proposal. After a couple of drafts the “Big Bamboo
and drew a large humanitarian response. We sup- Registry’ is proposed and I invited Frasier to join us
ported the World Bamboo Organizations efforts to to present his proposal. [printed below]
provide assistance to the people of Haiti with a con- One of my main goals for the year was to get our
tribution of $1000 and several of our Chapters also web page graphics revised to be more in line with
contributed. The monies were used to bring bam- current webpage practice. Earlier this year I
boo to Haiti to assist in reforestation of the denuded thought we were on track. Somewhere during the
island. summer the current poor economy took its toll on
Daphne Lewis on behalf of Washington State this project. I am working getting it back on track
University (WSU) submitted a request for funding and we will discuss this as another item on the
in order to conduct additional research using the agenda.
groves that were planted for the bamboo shoot pro- C William King
duction variety trial that they had been conducting Secretary's Report
at their research facility in Puyallup. These are the (a) Approved motions
same groves that we visited after the Annual Con- …(February 2010) – That ABS grant $1000 to the
ference last year. We agreed to the funding of their World Bamboo Organization in support of their
research in the amount of $2450. Accordingly a bamboo-related relief efforts in post-quake Haiti.
check was forwarded to WSU. Unknown to us, or I (June 2010) - That ABS grant $2450 in support of
guess to the researchers, WSU has a policy that the Washington State University bamboo research
they can only accept funding from organizations groves for 2010.
with whom they have a Memorandum of Under- Chapter Director selection:
standing (MOU) on file. Daphne forwarded a blank Florida Caribbean – Steve Stamper for 2010 - 2013
form of their standard MOU to us. The Board re- term
viewed the blank and found nothing unusual in it. Southeast – Tom Harlow for 2010 - 2013 term
After some prodding WSU finally sent a MOU with Southern CA – Cliff Sussman for 2010 - 2013 term
the blanks filled to Treasurer Sue Turtle. The prob- At-Large Director for 2010 - 2013 term: Daphne
lem being that it was between WSU and the “Na- Lewis
tional Bamboo Society”. Sue forwarded the file to Currently recognized Chapters:
me and we have changed the MOU so that it is be- Florida Caribbean Chapter
tween WSU and the “American Bamboo Society, a Hawaii Chapter
California Corporation.” We have now signed the Louisiana Gulf Coast Chapter
MOU and David King, Secretary of the Corpora- Mid-States Chapter
tion, will forward it back to WSU for execution. Northeast Chapter
I have received one additional request for funding Northern California Chapter
from Cambodia to supply bamboo to “poor peo- Pacific Northwest Chapter
ple.” As this request doesn’t seem to be well organ- Southeast Chapter
ized or specific as to how the funds will be used I Southern California Chapter
have not responded to date. The request is attached Texas Bamboo Society Chapter
for the Board’s review and comment. Tierra Seca Chapter (no Director)
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 24

ABS Membership Report cies list has shrunk to 58 species because a number
November 2010 have been moved to the ABS species list last year. I
CHAPTER Members Non-Primary Primary have not added all of the new species from this
MSC 23 1 22 year’s auction so these numbers will be increasing
SEC 99 7 92 before the conference.
FCC 70 6 64 The Forums have grown to 46,000 posts and 1125
HC 45 10 35 registered users. This is over 8000 posts since last
LGCC 60 15 45 year. I would like to thank Brad Salmon and David
NCC 61 9 52 Arnold for working as administrators of the forum
NEC 71 3 68 so I have time to work on the websites. This sum-
PNWC 101 7 94 mer we had two months with the number of visitors
SCC 61 8 53 averaging over 1000 per day and we are still in-
TBSC 70 5 65 creasing from last year.
TSC 7 2 5 The goals for 2011 year are:
USA Total of Primary Chapter Members: 595 · Add user comments for each species and add links
INTERNATIONAL: 42 (No Chapter membership) to other sites such as
TOTAL: 637 www.bamboo-identification.co.uk and the FOC.
2010 Advertising Report The changes to allow this were added to the
October 27, 2010 bamboo.org Species list this year, so now would be
…The income from the Magazine ads totaled the time to complete it on bambooweb.info.
$1,795.77 and the SSL totaled $2,150.22 for a total · Include better editing and upload options for the
income from ads of $3,945.99. photo database.
The goals for November 2010 & 2011 year are: · I have the user maps for each species so I will add
To directly contact every business or vendor access to those through the species list.
listed in the ABS SSL from 2010 and to publish an Bill Hollenback
article in the bamboo magazine to let all members 2010 ABS Website Report
know that it is important in our funding these pub- After 10+ years as our webmaster Barry Abra-
lications through your advertising and to you as a hamsen has decided to retire and let someone else
business to have the exposure to prospective sales take over the website. Earlier in the year John
clients in such a important publication directed at Tkach (www.secbamboo. org) had agreed to help
just the clients you are looking for. work on updating the design and I was working on
James Clever upgrading the SSL pages so we moved the registry
2010 ABS On-line Auction Report of the websites to hostmonster.com to make sharing
The donations are down for the Auction again this info between sites easier.
year. The online auction started slow but with late The cost of the new host is $214.20 for 3 years
donations we ended the online portion with 63 auc- plus $10 per year for the second Domain.
tions including 57 plants and 6 other items. At the Before the next time it needs to be renewed I
end of the on-line portion the bids total $705. hope to move the payment to the ABS Paypal ac-
I started most of the auctions with low minimum count so no one needs to send a bill to the treasurer
bids at approximately a third of retail but only 28 and we are assured that it will be paid.
auction items had bids on them, leaving 35 with no Progress has been slow because of our other work
bids. and having to maintain the existing website but we
Bill Hollenback have accomplished some items. John has come up
2010 Bambooweb.info Website Report with colors and layout of the new pages and I have
This year we saw the number of bamboo photos moved the SSL to
that we have grow to 5138, which consist of photos http://www.bamboo.org/BambooSourceList/ and
of 482 varieties, which is an addition of 419 photos made it interactive. The SSL pages are connected to
and 5 varieties since last year. The Extended spe- the database on bambooweb.info so when the spe-
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 25

cies or sources are updated on bambooweb it shows Board at the Savannah meeting
up automatically on bamboo.org. This has helped 2010 Digital Publications Report
when a couple of the sources have asked to make Since the start of the year we have grown to 169
changes in their listing. I have also added Digital members (40 more than last year).
bamboo.org email addresses for all of the When a new magazine comes out, Don Shor no-
americanbamboo.org addresses. tifies me and I download the files and create two
Hopefully after the conference we have time to files: one for slow connections and a high resolu-
finish the updates before April when the old ipower tion file for people with fast connections. I then
hosting is up. load the files onto the website at
In the future we hope that each chapter can pro- www.americanbamboo.org/publications and send
vide someone that can help with the site and we can an email to the membership so they know when to
divide up the work so we are not relying on one or download the files. I also send welcome emails to
two people to update information. Chapters can the new members in the odd months so they can
also take advantage of the hosting account and host download the publications.
their domain for only $10 per year including email. This year over half of the members with email
An advantage to that is all chapters can share the addresses have accessed the site but the number of
page templates, style sheets and ABS forms. We downloads of each issue is still less than the num-
just have to assure that whoever is working on the ber of digital members. I have automated the data-
chapter sites does not mess up any other site. base updating but it still has a long way to go to be
Bill Hollenback user friendly. Some new changes should be in place
2010 ABS Website Revision Committee Report in time for the December magazine, which should
As noted in the Website Report John Tkach, who be at www.bamboo.org/publications.
had revised the Southeast Chapter website and was Bill Hollenback
serving as webmaster for SEC, agreed to work with
Barry Abrahamsen, Bill Hollenback and the com- 2010 ABS Species Source List Report
mittee to revise the ABS website. Barry had done a The 2010 Source List is the 30th published by the
much needed service by maintaining the site for the American Bamboo Society. Greatly expanded since
past ten years but the site needs updating and im- its inception, the 2010 list includes 484 bamboos
provement in its graphics to make it more consis- and 126 sources, an increase of 17 bamboos from
tent with current website practice. After several ex- the previous year, but a decrease of 8 sources.
changes of ideas with Bill and Jim Clever, John The Source List signup website includes two
sent the committee with a draft of a new front page. bamboo lists: the ABS Species List and an ex-
The committee reviewed the draft and with only a tended list of bamboos that are included on
few very minor comments felt that the draft was a www.bambooweb.info but are not yet included on
quantum improvement in the site and is eagerly the ABS Species List, either because the bamboos
awaiting additional pages and the uploading of the do not yet have two vendors or because they have
new front page. not been vetted by Chris Stapleton for inclusion.
Unfortunately, due to the sagging economy and The addition of the extended list on
multiple deaths within his extended family, John’s www.bambooweb.info in conjunction with the sig-
life has at this point become too hectic to allow him nup form has proven to be an effective mechanism
to complete this work and has now asked us to seek for providing a consolidated public list of new
someone else to complete the work he has started. bamboo candidates for the ABS Species List, and a
John has a former business partner who may be in- mechanism for subsequent vetting and inclusion in
terested in completing the work for some minor the ABS Species List. When two or more sources
remuneration. Additionally, I have discussed the for a new bamboo are listed, the bamboo candidate
situation with the firm here in Florida who revised is forwarded to Chris Stapleton for vetting and in-
my website this summer and they are preparing a clusion in the ABS Species List. For the 2010 ABS
proposal that I should be able to deliver to the Species List, this process facilitated 24 new addi-
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 26

tions. Seven old-generation Fargesia nitida forms velopes were emailed out all at once. I updated the
that have flowered have been deleted from the list. form the jurors fill out when evaluating artists. This
Both online versions of the list have been con- lessened the amount of time all jurors emailed back
solidated into a single database. This enhancement and forth from one week to two days. It also less-
reduces the time required to update the two web- ened the amount of time I spent on consolidating all
sites and increases overall functionality. jurors’ information.
Both websites will be enhanced on an alternating Ads for the Awards Competition were posted in
basis over a several-year period. This year major Fiber Arts Magazine, Woodworkers magazine, a
design updates were made to national arts elisting, the PNW Source list, the ABS
www.bamboo.org/BambooSourceList. Next year website, the arts and crafts forum website, and
most of these updates will be applied to Bamboo magazine. I contacted American Craft for
www.bambooweb.info along with additional fea- a posting but don’t think we made it in there. I am
tures. The following year these additional features hoping to expand the amount of advertisements this
will be included in coming year. Ideas for this include contacting cul-
www.bamboo.org/BambooSourceList. tural councils to have our competition posted in
Bill Hollenback, their newsletters and sending postings to major art
Ted Jordan Meredith colleges.
Co-Editors – ABS Source List. Charissa Brock
Arts & Crafts Bambusa Key Project
[The 2010 Arts and Crafts Awards were de- During the 2009 ABS Annual Conference, the
scribed in the Dec. issue of BAMBOO] ABS Board of Directors voted to endorse (with no
Last years’ activities were: financial support) my project to write a practical
I gave Bill information for 2009 winners' web- reference and key to all of the currently accepted
page, answered emails, accepted and organized en- and described species, forms, varieties, cultivars,
tries, found excellent and committed jurors, pack- etc. of Bambusa in the world.
aged and shipped out entries to jurors, consolidated The key will be based on visible vegetative char-
jurors' notes and contacted winners and losers, did acteristics of mature plants, so that someone could
a little update of resource list, formatted photos, walk up to such a plant and identify it with a rea-
sent winner information and photos to Betty Shor, sonable level of certainty with no more equipment
then to Don Shor, along with proceedings. than a hand lens. My end product will be a valuable
I prepared posters for Conference, prepared pres- educational resource for academics, bamboo grow-
entation to boards for conference tables, prepared ers, nurserymen, landscapers, collectors, hobbyists,
PowerPoint presentation to members. and anyone who has an interest in clumping bam-
Other activities, which I think are improvements boos.
are: Work on this project began in the summer of
I asked all winners to submit an end-of-the- 2009, and I anticipate that it will be a three-year
award-cycle update, twice asking, “How did the effort before a workable end product will be avail-
award enhance their work?” A majority responded able. At this time I am focused on ~254 Bambusa
and updates will be in the update binder at the species, forms, varieties, cultivars, etc. which seem
conference table. to be accepted as of now. This number continues to
I asked 2010 artists to donate works for auction, fluctuate, which is to be expected, due to the cur-
though I think only one did. We went digital with rent state of bamboo taxonomy, and will be ac-
the entries! I had two people send in paper entries commodated in the end product.
which made me realize that this year when posting Data that I have compiled includes personal obser-
in the magazine for the award I need to mention vations and photos of live plants, published data,
that the application process has changed. This cut and examinations of online herbarium specimens.
down on the amount spent on shipping. Instead of In addition, I was able to spend time in the bamboo
sending one heavy package 4 times, three thin en- collections in the herbaria of the Missouri Botanical
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 27

Garden in St. Louis, MO, the Field Museum of so picturesque, I believe that the ABS could obtain
Natural History in Chicago, IL, and the U.S. Na- commercial sponsors such as the major plant and
tional Herbarium housed at the National Museum garden-supply retailers, major fertilizer manufac-
of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution in tures, major soil-amendments providers, and major
Washington, D.C. I took more than 1,800 photos of timed-watering system manufacturers.
preserved specimens, including several type speci- If this idea seems possibly feasible to the ABS
mens. I will continue to add to these data over the leadership, please let me know and I will be glad to
next many months. develop the whole or any part of the project. I am a
Thank you for your endorsement of this project. member of the ABS Southeast Chapter and will
Let me know if you have any questions or sugges- participate as you wish and on a volunteer basis.
tions. Yours truly,
Submitted by Steve Muzos Frasier Bingham, Ph.D. Director, Barn boo Re-
[email protected] search
Pinetum Farms, Inc. Events
11 1 McNealy Road 11-13 February 2011 – Grove grooming event,
Bainbridge, GA 39819 Avery Island, Louisiana, an annual event of the
Telephone: 850-567-1459 FAX 229-662-2926 Louisiana Chapter. For info see:
[email protected] <http://www.lgcc-abs.org>
23-27 February 2011 – Northwest Flower and Gar-
THE CONCEPT den Show, Educational booth at the Washington
In an effort to introduce more Americans to the State Convention Center, Seattle, WA, with par-
excitement and beauty of bamboo, the American ticipation by Pacific Northwest Chapter.
Bamboo Society (ABS) could hold a bamboo grow- 26-27 March 2011 – Zilker Garden Festival, Aus-
ing challenge in which anyone in the 48 contiguous tin, TX. Annual event by the Texas Chapter.
states could officially enter the challenge. They 11 June 2011 – 9:00-3:30. Seattle Bamboo Festival,
would cultivate a giant barn boo with the object at Bamboo Hardwoods, Inc., 4100 4th Ave. S.,
being to produce a bamboo culm of prodigious Seattle, WA; business meeting follows; Pacific
competitive dimension. Competition might be Northwest Chapter.
state-wide, region-wide, and finally nation-wide. 10 September 20111 – 11 a.m. Annual business
The ground for this action has already been bro- meeting of Pacific Northwest Chapter, at Out-
ken in the annual giant pumpkin and squash com- doors by Design, 221 SE SR-2, Shelton WA
petitions. Because the giant bamboos are so un- 98584.
usual in their mode of growth, and because they are

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 28

ABS 2010 Fiscal Year – as of December, 2010

Expenses: 2010 Actual 2010 Budget 2011 Proposed
Administrative Expenses $ 3,200.41 $ 3,000.00 $ 2,000.00
Advance to Host Chapter $ 487.24 (SEC to reimburse$ 1,000.00 $ -----
ABS)
Arts & Crafts Awards $ 1,500.00 $ 1,700.00 $ 1,700.00
Auction Expenses $ -0- $ -0- -0-
Computer Hardware $ -0- -0- -0-
Credit card/bank expenses $ 531.10 $ 300.00 $ 350.00
Grants $ 3,450.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 3,500.00
Grant funds reimbursed $ ------------------------- -------- -----------
INBAR Membership $ -0- $ 255.00 $ -0-
Insurance for the Board $ 1,700.00 $ 1,700.00 $ 1,800.00
Journal Expenses $ 5,291.04 $ 4,000.00 $ 4,000.00
Magazine $ 10,736.47 $ 16,000.00 $11,000.00
Membership Directory $ -0- $ 200.00 $ -0-
Member Brochure $ -0- -0- $ -0-
Member Renewal Card $ -0- $ -0- $ -0-
Misc. $ -0- -0- -0-

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 29

Source List $ 2,897.31 $ 3,000.00 $ 3,000.00

Taxes/fees $ 25.00 $25.00 $ 25.00
Travel expense reimbursement $ 2,000.00 $ 2,000.00 $ 2,000.00
Web site $ 924.20 $ 100.00 $ 2,510.00
Totals $32,742.60 $ 38,280.00 $31,685.00
Income: 2010 Actual 2010 Budget 2011 Proposed
Advertising – Magazine $ 1,995.77 $ 1,500.00 $ 1,500.00
Member Directory $ -0- $ -0- $ -0-
Source List $ 2,250.22 $ 3,000.00 $ 3,000.00
Auction income – Fall $ 4,259.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 4,000.00
Bank Interest $ 10.10 $ 12.00 $ 10.00
CD Interest $ 362.54 $ 600.00 $ 300.00
Memberships $20,301.48 $25,000.00 $22,000.00
Sales: Journal -0- -0- $ -0-
Book Sales $ 240.93 $ 260.00 $ 200.00
Magazine -0- -0- $ -0-
Source List $ 1,092.35 $ 1,000.00 $ 1,000.00
Miscellaneous income $ -0- -0- -0-
Totals $ 30,512.39 $36,372.00 $32,010.00

ABS Newsletter Index 2010

Issue No. 1, February 16. Cloud Forest Bamboos from Western Panama,
1. President's Message, by C. William King by Jorge Lezcano
1-3. Chinese expertise about bamboo and rattan, by 16-17. Three Acres of Bamboo — Want Some? by
Jules Janssen Richard Waters
4. Questions for Experts: Bamboo Bug — Mystery 17-25. Minutes of the American Bamboo Society
Strain or Bacteria? by Richard A. Waters 25-28. Auction Results
4-5. "to bamboo! …an homage…" is now avail- 28. Announcement of 2010 Annual ABS Meeting
able, by Beverly Ann Messenger 30. ABS Newsletter Index 2009
6-7. The 2009 Arts and Crafts Awards, by Charissa Issue No. 2, April
Brock 1. President's Message, by C. William King
8-10. Words from the Winners, by Terry Green, 2-5. Wind in the Bamboo, by Richard Waters
Donna Sakamoto Crispin, and Brian Erickson 5-10. Propagating Tropical Timber Bamboos, by
10-11. Reports of Bamboo Flowering in 2009, by Lennart Lundstrom
Betty Shor 10-12. Potential Use of Bamboo as Medicine in
11-13. The 2009 American Bamboo Society Con- Bali, Indonesia, by Wawan Sujarwo
ference in Tacoma, Washington, by Carole Meckes 12-15. A Brief Look at Fargesia, by Whitney Ad-
13-14. Visit to the Pacific Northwest Bamboo Con- ams
ference Oct. 2009, by Mike Bell 15-17. Haiti Bamboo Housing Project, by Jeffree
14-15. On-Line information available to ABS Trudeau
members, by Bill Hollenback 17-18. Annual Meeting of ABS [for 2010], by Sue
15-16. Bamboo in Nicaragua Turtle
18. Expo 2010 in China
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 30

18. INBAR at Expo 2010 and More 8-10. Modern Bamboo Structures, by Jules Janssen
18-19. Award for Simón Vélez 10-11. Moso Seedlings, by Keiji Oshima
19. 2010 American Bamboo Society Arts & Crafts 11. Removing Bamboo, by Betty Shor
Competition 12-14. ABS National Meeting November 4-7, 2010
19. European Bamboo Society Meeting Savannah, Georgia
19. Bamboo Sale by Northern California Chapter 14-15. The USDA Temperate Bamboo Germplasm
Issue No. 3, June Collection at Byron, GA, by Michael Hotchkiss
1-2. President's Message June 2010, by C. William 15-16. Biographies of Candidates for At-Large
King (Tracy Calla and Daphne Lewis)
2-10, Bamboo as Carbon-Sink – Fact or Fiction? by 16. 2011 Bamboo Species Source List, by Bill Hol-
Walter Liese lenback and Ted Jordan Meredith
10-14. Capturing Carbon with Bamboo, by Jules 17. Bamboo Farm and Nursery for Sale
Janssen 17. Gigantochloa flowering in Vista, California
14-15. Indigenous Knowledge on Gigantochloa 18. Bamboo Sourcery is "going into flower," by
hasskarliana (Kurz) Backer ex Heyne in Karan- Jennifer York
gasem District, Bali, Indonesia, by Wawan Su- Issue No. 6, December
jarwo, Ida Bagus Ketut Arinasa, and I Nyoman Pe- 1-2. President's Message, by C. William King
neng 2-9. Bamboo Charcoal: Properties and Utilization,
15-16. Dr. Johan Gielis — The Shape of Bamboo, by Walter Liese and Stephan Silbermann
by Susanne Lucas 10. Bamboo Housing in Nicaragua
17. Honors – Bamboo Sourcery 10-12. The 2010 Arts and Crafts Awards, by Cha-
18. Update: ABS Annual Meeting rissa Brock
Issue No. 4, August 12-13. Haiti Update of WBO, by Susanne Lucas
1. President's Message, by C. William King 13-16. Hybrid Methods for Bamboo Product Enter-
1-4. Transplanting Bamboo 101, by Michael Turner prises in Indonesia, by Dwinita Larasati
5-6. The Utilization of Bamboos as Charcoal, by 17-21. The Samoan Bamboo Project: Bamboo as an
Wawan Sujarwo and I Nyoman Peneng Agroforestry Timber Replacement Crop, by Durn-
6-8. Tabashir Herba-Shine—A Hans Erken Adven- ford Dart
ture, edited by Geoff Kyle 21. In Memoriam: Founder William Teague
8-9. Pressure-treating Bamboo: Boucherie System, 22. In Memoriam: Wirt Thompson
by Gib Cooper 22. World Bamboo Day [in Brazil], by Fernando
10-11. ABS Annual Meeting Savannah, Georgia — Tombolato
Nov. 3-7, 2010, by Sue Turtle
11-12. Call for Auction Items, by Tom Harlow
13. Bamboo Celebrated in Hungary, by Susanne
Lucas
13. Second Annual World Bamboo Day!
Issue No. 5, October
1. President's Message, by C. William King
1-3. The Value of Bamboos [for roofs], by Wawan
Sujarwo and Ida Bagus Ketut Arinasa
3-5. Profile of David King, ABS Secretary, by him-
self
5-6. Words, Words, Words — For the Beginner, by
Betty Shor
6-8. Bamboo Housing: on the Dream-World of
Bamboo and "Crusoism," by Xavier Dufrénot
8. Bamboo to Haiti
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 31

AMERICAN BAMBOO SOCIETY

ADVERTISING INVOICE
c/o 30 Myers Road
Summertown, TN 38483-7323 U.S.A.
Phone: 1-931-964-4151
e-mail: [email protected]

ABS magazine “BAMBOO” from April 2011 (Volume 31 – 5 issues) & Feb 2012 issue
Business-card sized ads only (3 1⁄2" wide x 2" tall or 2” wide x 3 1⁄2" tall )
______$200 / calendar year
______$50 per issue (if advertising for less than one year)
Deadline for each issue is the 5th of the month prior
Total -- ABS magazine BAMBOO: $ __________
Bamboo Species Source List (No. 32 Spring 2011):
____$ 100 -- business-card sized ad, (3 1⁄2" wide x 2" tall or 2” wide x 3 1⁄2" tall )
____$ 500 -- half page ad, (7 1⁄2" wide x 4 3⁄4" tall)
____$ 1,000 -- full page ad (7 1⁄2" wide x 10" tall)
Total -- Bamboo Species Source List: $__________
Discount: Take 10% off total if advertising in both publications (only full calendar-year ads eligible)

I wish to purchase _______ copies of the 2011 Source List @ 25 for $50, or 50 for $100 (25 minimum)
If purchasing less than 25 copies the cost is $5 per copy . Post-publication price is $5 per copy.
(all prices are pre-publication price and not included in discounted advertising costs)
Total -- Source List: $__________
Membership payment: Only ABS members may advertise in our publications.
If you are not an ABS member or you need to renew your membership, please include $40 (digital) or $50 (hardcopy).
Digital = computer read publication sent via e-mail notice. Hardcopy = US Post mailed paper copy.
To sign up for membership at: http://www.bamboo.org/forms/ABSOnlineMembership.php

Total Membership: $_____________

Total payment: $_____________

Name & Address of Advertiser: ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Please add up your advertising choices above, make your check payable to ABS, and
US Post Mail to: Sue Turtle, ABS Treasurer at the above address. OR
Electronic Invoice & Payment: Through Pay Pal at: www.bamboo.org/forms/ABSOnlineAd.php
And confirm with an e-mail message to: James Clever at [email protected]

Email of the ad copy is preferred – or the camera-ready art will need to be scanned.
Copy for all ads may be sent to the addresses below:

Magazine: Don Shor Source List: Bill Hollenback

Redwood Barn Nursery 5100 West Clearwater Ave #C204
1607 Fifth St. Kennewick, WA 99336
Davis, CA 95616 Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 32

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 33

American Bamboo Society e-mail - [email protected]

Officers and Directors Term 2013.
President: James Clever, Pacific Northwest Texas Chapter Representative
Chapter Steve Muzos
Vice President: Steve Stamper, Florida/ e-mail - [email protected]
Caribbean Chapter Term 2012.
Secretary: David King, Northern California At-Large Representatives
Chapter Daphne Lewis
Treasurer: Sue Turtle, Southeast Chapter e-mail - [email protected]
Board of Directors and Standing Positions Term 2013
Florida/Caribbean Chapter Representative James Clever
Steve Stamper e-mail - [email protected]
e-mail - [email protected] Term 2012.
Term 2013. Lynn G. Clark
Hawaii Chapter Representative email – [email protected]
Lennart Lundstrom Term 2011.
e-mail - [email protected] International Representative
Term 2011. Durnford Dart
Louisiana-Gulf Coast Chapter Representative email – [email protected]
Jim Bonner Term 2012
e-mail - [email protected] ABS Treasurer
Term 2012. Sue Turtle
Mid-States Chapter e-mail - [email protected].
Dan Fox ABS Web Site - www.bamboo.org
e-mail – [email protected] Web Site Editor ____________________
Term 2011 e-mail - [email protected]
Northeast Chapter Representative Editor of journal: Bamboo Science & Culture
Michael Bartholomew Johan Gielis
e-mail – [email protected] e-mail - [email protected]
Term 2011. Arts & Crafts Coordinator
Northern California Chapter Representative Charissa Brock
David King e-mail – [email protected]
e-mail - [email protected] BAMBOO Magazine
Term 2011. Don Shor, editor
Pacific Northwest Chapter Representative Betty Shor, co-editor
Bill Hollenback mailing address: 1607 Fifth St., Davis, CA 95616
e-mail – [email protected] e-mail - [email protected]
Term 2012. Conservation Bamboo Of The Americas (BOTA)
Southeast Chapter Representative Gib Cooper, Dir.
Tom Harlow email [email protected]
e-mail - [email protected] Sue Turtle, Treas.
Term 2013 email [email protected]
Southern California Chapter Representative web – www.bamboooftheamericas.org
Cliff Sussman
Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1
 34

American Bamboo Society

Membership & Directory Information Form

This Application is for a: Discover/Mastercard/Visa Authorization:

☐ New Membership
☐ Renewal Account # ______ ______ ______ ______
☐ Gift Membership (we will notify the recipient) Expiration Date ______________
☐ Check this box if you DO NOT want to be in- Signature_______________________________
cluded in the ABS Annual Membership
listing Send this form with completed credit card
☐ Digital (Conserve resources and download the authorization, or your check payable to:
publications from the internet)
American Bamboo Society
Date _________________________
315 South Coast Highway 101, Suite U
Name(s)________________________________
PMB 212
Company _______________________________
Encinitas, CA 92024-3555
Address 1 _______________________________
Address 2_______________________________
Each year’s membership includes:
City________________________ State _______
• A subscription to the newsletter of your primary
Zip _____________ Country _______________
chapter (and those of any additional chapters you
Home Tel _______________________________
join)
Work Tel _______________________________
• 6 issues of BAMBOO: The Magazine of the
Fax ____________________________________
American Bamboo Society
Other __________________________________
• An annual edition of the ABS Journal: Bamboo
E-mail __________________________________
Science and Culture
WWW __________________________________
• The ABS Species Source List
• The Annual ABS Membership Directory
Annual: $40 Digital, $50 Print - Includes a 1-year
Choose your Primary Chapter membership,
Primary Chapter membership
and any Additional Chapter memberships
3-year: $110 Digital, $140 Print - Includes 3-year
Primary Chapter for U.S. members; additional
P A
Chapters: $40 each for the 3-year period
☐ ☐ Florida Caribbean Chapter
Lifetime: $600 Digital, $800 Print - Includes ABS
membership only ☐ ☐ Hawaii Chapter
Supporting: $60 Digital, $70 Print - Includes a 1- ☐ ☐ Louisiana-Gulf Coast Chapter
year Primary Chapter membership ☐ ☐ Mid-States Chapter
Patron: $120 Digital, $130 Print (tax-deductible) - ☐ ☐ Northeast Chapter
Includes a 1-year Chapter membership ☐ ☐ Northern California Chapter
International $40 Digital, $55 Print (outside U.S.; ☐ ☐ Pacific Northwest Chapter
no Chapter included) ☐ ☐ Southeast Chapter
Additional Chapters: $15/year for each Chapter ☐ ☐ Southern California Chapter
(Please check Chapter listing at right) ☐ ☐ Texas Bamboo Society Chapter

TOTAL $____________________

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1

 35

American Bamboo Society Presort Standard

315 South Coast Highway 101, US Postage
Suite U PAID
PMB 212 Permit #370
Encinitas, CA 92024-3555 Albany, NY

Magazine of the American Bamboo Society February 2011 Vol. 32 Issue 1