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Energy Crisis in Pak

Pakistan is facing an energy crisis due to rising demand and insufficient domestic production. The country has an estimated power generation capacity of 23,412 MW but current demand is around 19,000 MW, with projected demand reaching 62,590 MW by 2030. This deficit is exacerbated by inefficiencies in government-owned utilities and widespread electricity theft. The energy crisis has had severe social and economic impacts. To resolve this, Pakistan must boost renewable energy sources like hydropower, solar and wind, where it has considerable untapped potential. However, developing renewables faces challenges including poor infrastructure, lack of policies and financing.

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103 views36 pages

Energy Crisis in Pak

Pakistan is facing an energy crisis due to rising demand and insufficient domestic production. The country has an estimated power generation capacity of 23,412 MW but current demand is around 19,000 MW, with projected demand reaching 62,590 MW by 2030. This deficit is exacerbated by inefficiencies in government-owned utilities and widespread electricity theft. The energy crisis has had severe social and economic impacts. To resolve this, Pakistan must boost renewable energy sources like hydropower, solar and wind, where it has considerable untapped potential. However, developing renewables faces challenges including poor infrastructure, lack of policies and financing.

Uploaded by

usama gujjar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Energy

Crisis
By Faiza A

1
Definition

Any great bottleneck (or price rise) in


the supply of energy resources to an
economy

2
Energy Consumption in Pakistan

3
Supply and Demand

The total power production capacity


in country is around 19,500 MW
Country is falling short of about
4500-7500 MW

4
5
Historical Evolution of Energy Crisis in
Pakistan

60s
80s
90s
2000s

6
Components of Power Sector

i.The Generation
ii.The Transmission
iii.The Distribution

Inherent losses in the system

7
8
Circular
Debt
9
A vicious cycle of unpaid bills
Circular debt arises when one
party not having adequate
cash flows to discharge its
obligations to its suppliers
withholds payments 10
Causes of CD
1.inefficiencies of government-owned
generation and distribution
companies
2.electricity theft
3.Poor collection of electricity bills.

11
Effects of CD

i.Inflation
ii.Load-shedding
iii.Economic backwardness
iv.Corruption
12
Root Causes of Current
Energy Crisis
i.Over-Consumption
ii.Bottleneck at oil refineries and port facilities
iii.Pipeline failure
iv.Infrastructure damage
v.Age old Infrastructure and Line Losses
vi.Geopolitical factors
vii.Theft of electricity
viii.Lack of planning and proper utilization of natural
resources 13
Dreadful Social &
Economic Impacts
i.Socio-Economic decline
ii.Unemployment and street crimes
iii.Psychological complexes
iv.Decrease in manufacturing
v.Deterioration of normal life & business
vi.Increase in transport costs
14
How can energy
crisis be mitigated?

15
The case of Coal

 Coalis one of the cheapest ways to produce


electricity;

 Pakistan could generate 20,000 MW from coal


alone

16
Renewable
Energy –
Need of the
hour 17
Renewable resources that are technologically
viable and have prospects to be exploited
commercially in Pakistan include the following
types of energies:
i. Hydel
ii. Solar
iii. Wind
iv. Tidal

18
INSTALLED ENERGY GENERATION CAPACITY

 Wapda Thermal…………6706 MW
 Hydel……………………..…6555 MW
 Nuclear…………….……….787 MW
 IPPs (Thermal)………….8911 MW
 Rental (Thermal)…….453 MW
 Total………………………..23412 MW
19
CURRENT DEMAND AND SUPPLY
Total Capacity….. 23412 MW
Total Generation….13000 MW

i.Current demand…. 19000 MW


ii.Projected demand by 2030: 62,590 MW
iii.Share of renewable by 2030: 9700 MW (5%
share)

20
WHY RENEWABLE
ENERGY?

Price
Expertise
21
Comparison

Thermal Power Project


i.Low initial cost for installation
ii.Politically advantageous
iii.Less time for installation i.e. from 2-4 years
iv.High cost of maintenance
v.More chances of commissions and kickbacks
vi.Short-term approach
vii.Unfriendly to environment
22
Comparison
Hydel Power Project

i.High initial cost for installation


ii.Politically disadvantageous
iii.More time for installation i.e. from 8-10 years
iv.Low cost of maintenance
v.Less chances of commissions and kickbacks
vi.Long-term approach
vii.Environmental friendly 23
RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL IN
PAKISTAN

24
HYDRO POWER ENERGY

1. Pakistan has a potential of 59,000 MW of


Hydro Power Energy.
2. Tarbela Power Plant is the biggest plant
with total capacity of 3478 MW.
3. construction work on 4500 MW Bhasha
Hydro Power Plant will start next year
4. 4320 MW Dasu Hydro Power Plant 25
SHARE OF HYDROPOWER IN PAKISTAN

Source: Prof. Shakir, Sattar,


UE Lahore, www.scribd.com

26
READY FOR CONSTRUCTION HYDRO
POWER PROJECTS

Source: Prof. Shakir, Sattar,


UE Lahore, www.scribd.com

27
UNDER STUDIES HYDROPOWER PROJECTS

Source: Prof. Shakir, Sattar,


UE Lahore, www.scribd.com 28
UNDER STUDIES HYDROPOWER PROJECTS

Source: Prof. Shakir, Sattar,


UE Lahore, www.scribd.com 29
WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL

1.350,000 MW
2.1,046 Km coastline
3.coastal belt of Pakistan is blessed
with a wind corridor that is 60 km
wide (Gharo , Kati Bandar) and 180
km long (up to Hyderabad)
30
SOLAR ENERGY
1. Pakistanis located in the “Sun Belt” and
offers ideal solar energy options
2. Quaid-e-Azamsolar Park in Cholistan, Punjab
with 50 MW power generation
3. Solar energy potential…. 6,00,000 MW

31
32
TIDAL ENERGY

 potential has not been estimated

 Tidal energy is very expensive in terms of generation


and distribution

33
CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS

1. Policy Challenges
2. Poor Infrastructure
3. Institutional Barriers
4. Technical capacity and information base
5. Financial Barriers
6. Social awareness
34
Conclusion and
Recommendations

35
36

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