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Test 5.2019

This document is a test for a Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics course consisting of 4 questions with multiple parts each. Question 1 deals with a single stage compressor and asks for the power required and piston volume. Question 2 covers a two-stage compressor and asks for intercooler pressure, cylinder volumes, and power. Question 3 is about a steam nozzle and asks for discharge rate and suitable exit area. Question 4 presents a refrigeration cycle on a pressure-enthalpy diagram and asks for properties like dryness fraction and COP. The test covers topics like compressors, nozzles, refrigeration, and thermodynamics concepts.

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carleston thurgood
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48 views4 pages

Test 5.2019

This document is a test for a Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics course consisting of 4 questions with multiple parts each. Question 1 deals with a single stage compressor and asks for the power required and piston volume. Question 2 covers a two-stage compressor and asks for intercooler pressure, cylinder volumes, and power. Question 3 is about a steam nozzle and asks for discharge rate and suitable exit area. Question 4 presents a refrigeration cycle on a pressure-enthalpy diagram and asks for properties like dryness fraction and COP. The test covers topics like compressors, nozzles, refrigeration, and thermodynamics concepts.

Uploaded by

carleston thurgood
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND THE BUILT

ENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Assessment: Test 5

INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMME: Chemical Engineering

SUBJECT: Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

SUBJECT CODE: CTH260S

DATE: 14th October 2019

TIME: 8h30 to 10h30

MARKS: 63

NUMBER OF PAGES: 3 (including cover page)

EXAMINER: A. Marshall

INTERNAL MODERATOR: G. Hangone

EXTERNAL MODERATOR:

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

 No ELO’s are tested


 Answer ALL questions.

REQUIREMENTS
 Answer Books
 Calculators
Question 1 – Single stage Compressors
A single stage, single-acting compressor deals with 85m 3 of free air per hour at
101.325kPa and 160C. The pressure and temperature in the cylinder during the suction
stroke remains constant at 97kPa and 41 0C. The index of compression is 1.22 and the
delivery pressure is 550kPa. R for air is 0.287 kJ/kg.K. If the mechanical efficiency is 85%,
and neglecting clearance, determine:

1.1 The power required to drive the compressor 8

1.2 The volume swept by the piston if the speed of the compressor is 120rpm and the 4
volumetric efficiency is 78%.
[12]
Question 2 – Multi-stage compressors
A two-stage compressor is to deal with 10.2m 3 of free air per minute as measured at
101.3kPa and 15.50C. Conditions at the end of the suction stroke in the low-pressure
cylinder are 89.6kPa and 270C. Intercooling is perfect and the final discharge pressure is
1.24MPa. Assuming that compression follows the law pV 1.2 = constant in both cylinders,
and neglecting clearance volume, determine for a single-acting machine running at
200rpm:

2.1 The intercooler pressure for minimum total work 2

2.2 The swept volume of each cylinder 8

2.3 The power theoretically required to drive the compressor 4


[14]

Question 3 – Steam Nozzles


Steam is supplied to a convergent-divergent nozzle at a pressure of 623kPa and at a
temperature of 2600C. The final discharge pressure is 70kPa. If the throat is 1290mm2,
determine:

3.1 The steam discharge rate in kg/s 9

3.2 A suitable exit area if the nozzle efficiency is 89% 12


[21]

Question 4 - Refrigeration
In a vapour compression refrigerator using F-12, condensation takes place at 1100kPa,
and evaporation takes place at 200kPa. Before isentropic compression, the vapour is dry
saturated, and before throttling, the temperature of the liquid F-12 is 460C. using the table
below:
Sat. Temp Pressure Specific Enthalpy
0
C kPa hf hg
46 1100 82 210
-12.2 200 24 185

4.1 Represent the cycle on a pressure-enthalpy diagram 6

4.2 Determine the dryness fraction of the vapour after throttling 3

4.3 Determine the heat extracted per minute if the F-12 circulates at a rate of 4
3.5kg/min

4.4 Determine the COP if the compressor (indicated) power is 1.5kW. 3


[16]

n−1
P2
W poly =
n
n−1
p1 V 1
[( ) ]
P1
n
−1 W iso = p1 V 1 ln
P2
P1

Polytropic Work Indicated Power


ηmech= =
Work Input Shaft Power
Isothermal Work
Isothermal Efficiency=
Polytropic Work
Volume Of Free Air Delivered
Volumetric Efficiency=
Swept Volume

n−1 n−1
W n P
=n−1 p1 V 1 i
[( ) ( ) ]
P1
n
P
+ 2
Pi
n
−2
mv
A=
C
C2 =√ 2(h1 −h2 )
Ct =√ γ RT t
γ
2
Pc =P t∗ ( )
γ+1
γ−1

actual Δh
η NOZZLE=
isentropic Δh

w
η=
q
q
COP=
w
.
mw
Pmotor =
ηmech

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