Fibre Optic

Sensing Group
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CAPABILITY
STATEMENT
www.hawkmeasure.com
Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

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What We Do

Hawk Measurements Systems (HAWK) Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS) Group’s primary business role is the development, manufacturing,
marketing, commissioning and implementation of the Praetorian Fibre Optic Sensing System. We allow our customers to achieve
measurement outcomes that are unpractical, uneconomical or otherwise impossible.

The HAWK FOS Group provide solutions for large scale asset monitoring including condition monitoring, sensitive/vulnerable asset
protection, surveillance and fault detection on a wide range of applications across the gamut of industry.

With the size and scope of the assets monitored the HAWK FOS Group are project and implementation specialists.

Company Overview

Operating as part of the Hawk Measurement Systems family the FOS Group has a wide range of speciality resources and skills
specifically attuned to allow the group to quickly observe, understand, assess, design and implement large scale monitoring projects
for our customers.

Due to the wide range of possible applications and industries that the Praetorian System is capable of being utilised in our
group covers a wide range of expertise and professional backgrounds committed specifically to the development, improvement,
implementation and promotion of the Praetorian Fibre Optic Sensing System.

HAWK’s FOS Group is also able to leverage the long standing worldwide distributor network in order to implement and support its
activities globally.

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Traditional Business Sectors

HAWK’s core group is recognized globally as level measurement specialists and supplies a comprehensive range of the latest
technologies to detect and continuously measure the level of solids, slurries and liquids. All HAWK products are built to withstand any
hostile environment of the mining industry and are well recognized for their robust designs and reliability. They are well adopted across
all process industries, including Water, Bulk Handling, Chemical, Food, Beverages, Power, Cement, Pulp and Paper, and Oil & Gas.

Technologies for continuous level measurement Technologies for point level detection
Guided wave Radar - single and dual probe Microwave
Radar Level Acoustic Wave
Acoustic Wave Level Admittance
Ultrasonic Level Conductivity
Sonar Level Vibration
Magnetic Level Gauge Rotation

A Future in Fibre >

As part of HAWK’s overall commitment to the pursuit of the development of new technology the Praetorian FOS System represents a
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step forward in instrumentation sensing capability. It is this drive for new technology that leads to the development of the Praetorian
Fibre Optic Sensing System.

When comparing fibre optic sensors to traditional instruments the main notable difference is that where a traditional instrument will
monitor a single status at one location (e.g. the level in a water tank) the FOS system is fully distributed along the length of the cable
and measures at thousands of places along the cable at the same time.

The Praetorian System monitors great lengths of fibre for Vibration, Temperature and Strain along the full length of the fibre giving
the equivalent of over 1.6 million individual measurements in real time. The ability to not only make these measurements but to also
record, process and analyse them in real time makes Praetorian one of the most powerful pieces of industrial instrumentation on the
planet.

Praetorian; Unrivalled in Capability

Fibre Optic Sensing is a relatively new facet of industrial instrumentation but there does exist a number of manufacturers in the
market place. However, when one is looking for the superior choice in aspects of capability Praetorian stands alone.

HAWK’s Praetorian is the only system that offers a single interrogator that measures Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), Distributed
Temperature Sensing (DTS) and Distributed Strain Sensing (DSS) all in a single enclosure. The advantage of making these
measurements in a single system means that parallel measurements of strain, temperature and acoustics may be made in their most
basic form by a single processor in real time allowing for better pattern recognition resulting in faster acquisition and confirmation of
events.

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Praetorian; At a Glance

Physical Principle (Brief)

Praetorian’s physical appearance is that of a rack mounted computer and mounts into existing standard width servers. Fibre optic cables
are then patched into the rear of the unit which also contains a redundant ready power supply and communications. The system requires
no other hardware to operate but is often installed with a screen, keyboard and mouse.

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Outputs
Praetorian reports alarms along the fibre providing position, intensity and other diagnostic information to operators and end users.
As a standard, Praetorian reports these alarms using SCADA ready TCP/IP Modbus over Ethernet and dry contact relays. However,
customised outputs are not uncommon practice and Praetorian is equipped with a built in Graphical User Interface (GUI) for direct
control.

Requirements
Praetorian fundamentally has the same requirements as any computer. It requires power, ventilation, a weatherproof environment and in
hot environments may require refrigeration (air conditioning).

Infield the fibre optic cable itself requires no additional infrastructure. Once installed the cable is effectively maintenance free.

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Applications in Fibre

Due to the huge amount of individual measurements that fibre optic sensors are able to achieve the number of possible applications are
almost endless. Based on market and enquiry experience, however, there are a number of categories that fibre optic sensors fill:

Perimeter Intrusion Detection Systems (PIDS)

Perimeter Intrusion Detection Systems fundamentally use two sensing elements as part of the design. The first being a perimeter barrier
mounted fibre (Masonry Wall, Chain Link Fence, Sterile Zone) which detects deliberate attempts to penetrate the perimeter. Secondly,
the use of buried and “covert” fibre which is installed either just inside or just outside of a perimeter is used to detect movement, both
vehicular and pedestrian.

The outputs from a PIDS can be tied in with existing security infrastructure such as cameras or guards so they are pointed to where
intrusions are happening along the perimeter as it happens.

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Perimeter Intrusion
Detection System

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Leak Detection System (LDS) or Pipeline Intrusion Detection system (PLIDS)

Pipeline leakage, especially in the oil and gas sector is constantly a hot-button issue and the economical and ecological fallout of major
leaks cannot be dismissed. Early detection is key to containment and damage reduction whereas location is crucial to initialising repair
and bringing assets online faster, Praetorian achieves both.

Using a combination of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and Distributed Strain Sensing
(DSS) Praetorian is able to detect and locate a number of physical events associated with material leaking out of a pipeline including
the noise of turbulent and cavitation of the fluid leaving the orifice as well as the localised cooling around the leak caused by the loss
of pressure in the fluid.

Even better than detection and location, is prevention. Pipelines may be subject to accidental or nefarious third party damage. Activities
required to uncover the pipeline such as excavation prior to potential damage create vibrations that move through the ground to the fibre.
Praetorian is able to detect, track and classify these incidents thereby giving operators a chance to intercept these activities prior to
damage occurring.

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Above Ground Pipeline

Leakage Detection System
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Tailings Pipeline Leak
Detection Systems

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Conveyer Health Monitoring System

Fundamental to the mining industry is the movement of large volumes of material. In the event these materials will be moved from one
point to another for significant amounts of time conveyers are often used. Conveyers can be as short as a few meters or can stretch for
tens of kilometres but their spans are all supported through the use of unpowered rollers or “idlers”.

Failure of these idlers occurs as a normal part of day to day operations and large numbers of resources are dedicated to the detection,
identification and replacement of these rollers which often proves difficult due to the long distance, high number of rollers and
infrequency of inspection.

Left undetected these idlers have the potential to tear or even ignite the belt. In coal mines this threat is even greater due to the
flammable nature of the product. Praetorian is capable of circumventing this due to the ability to monitor the vibration signature of each
roller and report when bearings move out of a “normal” condition.

In addition, predictive analysis has the capacity to alert when a roller will, in the near future, become problematic so it may be designated
for replacement during a scheduled shutdown rather than causing a costly unplanned shutdown.

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Conveyer
Monitoring
System

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Ground Condition Monitoring System

Landside, strata and dam collapse are capable of causing large amounts of damage and are often life threatening events. Prediction of
these events is difficult due to the fact that the causes of these events are below ground level.

By installing fibre optic cable down boreholes at strategic locations it is possible to monitor in ground strain profiles using
Distributed Strain Sensing (DSS) to determine if ground strain levels are escalating out of safe conditions.

Rail Health and Rolling Stock Monitoring

The current technology used for monitoring the presence of a rolling stock is a rudimentary electrical device called a track circuit that
only has the capability to report the presence or absence of a train within its zone. Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) it is
possible to monitor the acoustic vibration from rolling stock and determine position, speed direction and even track and rolling stock
health such as wheel flat spot detection and broken rail events. The HAWK FOS Group is heavily involved with research into system
capability within this application type.

Rail Monitoring System

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Capability Statement
Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS)

Underground Cable Monitoring

Arc flash, partial discharge, third party intrusion, overheating and conductor break are all potential problems that face the ever increasing
number of underground power transmission cables. In most new transmission cables fibre optic cables are installed along side so that
assets can be laid together in the same trench.

Praetorian is able to use a combination of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) in order
to detect events that are either a threat to the transmission line (such as a third party intrusion or illegal connection) or evidence of
degradation of the transmission line (such as partial discharge, insulator breakdown, arc flash or overheating).

Interestingly, using temperature sensors it is possible to determine the amount of current moving through a conductor and to determine
the condition of a conductor during an overload condition prior the an emergency condition being reached.

This process is called Real Time Thermal Rating (RTTR) and utilises fibre optics sensors as the front end instrumentation.

Cable Monitoring Systems >

Under Installation <

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 Real Time Thermal Rating
(RTTR)

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Third Party Pipeline

Intrusion Prevention
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Hawk Measurement Systems

15-17 Maurice Court, Nunawading, VIC 3131, Australia
PO Box 3230, Nunawading, VIC 3131, Australia
Tel: +61 (0)3 9873 4750 I Fax: + 61 (0)3 9873 4538
Capability Statement-FOS v5 0818

Email: [email protected] I Support: [email protected]

www.hawk.com.au

Hawk Measurement
90 Glenn Street, Suite 100B, Lawrence, MA 01843, USA
Ph: +1 978 304 3000 / +1 888 429 5538 I Fax: +1 978 304 1462
Email: [email protected]
www.hawkmeasure.com