Republic of the Philippines

PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Teacher Education

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

PATHFIT-3 DANCE AND SPORTS ALTERNATIVE LEARNING MATERIALS

Course Outcomes
1. Demonstrate content knowledge and understanding of dance and sports and its
application to sustained learners’ interest and experiences in worthwhile dance and
sports.
2. Demonstrate understanding of supportive learning environments that the learner
maintains an active lifestyle to participate in physical activities.
3. Demonstrate understanding of learning environments that promotes fairness, respect and
care to encourage learning in applying the sport skills accurately through dance.

UNIT 1
MODULE 1-

INTRODUCTION

Gabao assailed that the Universal

knowledge of Dance is a movement using the
body as the medium or instrument to express
its meaning or significance. To comprehend a
dance, one must gain backward and
understanding from simple to complex
movement interpreting how and why the use
of a body part and the whole body to a
particular order hence, Dance becomes a
physical activity executed in a musical pattern
and an accompaniment. The nature of the
human body calls for its natural impulse and
rhythm and therefore exhibits a natural
phenomenon on how it moves in space, ( an
area of performance) or the body space itself
or space that is referred to as the freedom of
movement without obstruction wherein the
body that expresses unique or properties and
qualities.

This module is designed to expose the

learners gradually to the wonderful world of
dance trough a rich variety of rhythmic
activities

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to do the following:
1. Recognize and appreciate the history and nature of dance.
 2. Identify the Phases of the Dance Program.
3. Develop deeper appreciation in the Phases of the Dance Program.
4. Analyze and Classify the Purposes of Dance.
5. Categorize the different type of dance in the Philippines.

LESSON 1:
 BRIEF HISTORY AND NATURE OF DANCE
 PHASES OF THE DANCE PROGRAM
 THREE PURPOSES OF DANCE

PRE- ASSESMENT

Instruction: Identify the concepts defined in each item. Choose the words inside the box
below and write your answer on the space provided before each number.

Creative Rhythms Folk/Ethnic Dance

Recreational Dance Dance
Social and Ballroom Dance Creative Dance
Dancing Rhythm
Rhythmic Activities Danson

__________1. Refers to movement set to music where there emerges organization,

structure and pattern.
__________2. An end product of exploration and improvisation of movements as the
children learn to move the parts of their body and to use them as
instrument of expression.
__________3. The regular recurrence of accented and unaccented beats.
__________4. A means of expressing one’s emotions through movement disciplined
by rhythm.
__________5. The physical manifestations of the mental and emotional response of
the individual to rhythm.
__________6. Which means to stretch and relaxing.
__________7. A cultural art form handed down from generation to generations. It
communicates the customs, belief, rituals, and occupations of the
people of a region or country.
__________8. Includes dance mixers, square dance round and couple dances. The
setting is usually informal gatherings and parties, reunion etc.
__________9. The end product of exploration and improvisation of movements as the
dancer or the choreographer expresses his feelings or emotions,
ideas, and interpretations. This is the highest form of dance with a
definite form beginning and ending.
_________10. This is a social gathering with more formal atmosphere than the simple
and informal parties. These are generally held in the evenings and the
participants are usually in formal attire.

BRIEF HISTORY AND NATURE OF DANCE

From the earliest moments of known human history, dance accompanied ancient rituals,
spiritual gatherings and social events. As a conduit of trance, spiritual force, pleasure,
expression, performance and interaction, dance became infused into our nature from the earliest
moments of our existence - from the moment when first African tribes covered themselves in
war-paint to the spreading of music and dance across all four corners of the world. Without a
doubt, dancing remains one of the most expressive forms of communications that we know.
Dance, the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space,
for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in
the movement itself.

According to American dancer, dance educator, author, and film and video producer
Barbara Mettler…Dance is an activity which can take many forms and fill many different needs.
It can be recreation, entertainment, education, therapy, and religion. In its purest and most basic
form, dance is an art, the art of body movement.”

Why is dance so important?

Dance teaches the importance of movement and fitness in a variety of ways through a
variety of disciplines. As well, dancers learn to coordinate muscles to move through proper
positions. Dancing is a great activity to pursue at almost any age provided you are in proper
health to handle the rigors of dancing for life.

PHASES OF THE DANCE PROGRAM

CREATIVE RHYTHM FOLK / ETHNIC DANCE

SOCIAL/BALLROOM DANCE RECREATIONAL DANCE

CREATIVE DANCE

THREE PURPOSES OF DANCE

1. Ceremonial Dance- Celebrating life events, religious rituals and other occasions reflecting
cultures or traditions.
  Culture is defined as our way of life. The tradition and norms which is important in
every culture can be represent in a way of dancing and this is what we called cultural
dance.A graceful dance, colorful props and costumes, slow movements and fast that
catches the Attention of every people.
 Religious ritual- a ceremony or action performed in a customary way….As an adjective,
ritual means “conforming to religious rites,” which are the sacred customary ways of
celebrating a religion or culture.
2. Recreational Dance- Dances performed in a social setting like folk, social dancing and
aerobic dance
 Folk Dance- generally, a type of dance that is a vernacular, usually recreational,
expression of a historical or contemporary culture.
 Social Dance- recreational and usually performed with a partner and in groups or as a
community activity or fun and enjoyment.
 Aerobic dance- energetic physical exercises, often performed with a group of people to
music,that make the heart, lungs and muscles.

3. Artistic Dance- Performed on a stage for an audience like ballet, modern, narrative, tap,
lyrical.
 Ballet- classical dance form characterized by grace and precision of movement and by
elaborate formal gestures, steps, and poses.
 Modern dance- theatrical dance that began to develop in the United States and Europe
late in the 19th century.
 Narrative dance- a choreography structure that follows a specific story line and intends
to convey specific information through that story
 Tap dance- style of dance in which a dancer wearing shoes fitted with heel and toe taps
sounds out audible beats by rhythmically striking
 Lyrical dance- relatively recent form of dance coming from a fusion of jazz dance and
ballet.
Activity 1
Instruction: Analyze the pictures below and classify the purpose and type of dance.
PURPOSE OF DANCE
-Ceremonial Dance TYPE OF DANCE
 Culture
 Religious Ritual
-Recreational Dance
 Folk Dance
 Social Dance
 Aerobic Dance
-Artistic Dance
 Ballet
 Modern Dance
 Narrative Dance
 Tap Dance
 Lyrical Dance
 DANCE PICTURES/ IMAGES PURPOSE/FORM TYPE OF
OF DANCE DANCE

(Dugso-harvest time)
LESSON 2:

BASIC NATURAL MOVEMENT

INTRODUCTION

Our body is designed to move to any possible desired positions. Movement is the basic
reason to execute our daily activities or purpose. Loco-motor movements are the body that
move in any desired position while the non-loco-motor movements are those in which the
different parts of the body move in space with a fixed base, it may be standing, kneeling,
sitting or lying.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to do the following:

1. Recognize the difference between loco-motor and non-loco-motor movements.

2. Execute the loco-motor and non-loco-motor movements.
3. Create simple dance steps by combining the loco-motor and non-loco-motor
 movements.

PRE- ASSESSMENT

Instruction: The following words inside the box are loco-motor and non- loco-motor
movements. Transfer them to proper places below.

extension flexion galloping hopping jumping leaping

pendular percussive running skipping sliding suspended
sustained vibratory walking

LOCOMOTOR NON- LOCOMOTOR

MOVEMENTS

1. Walking- move at a regular pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never
having both feet off the ground at once.

2. Running- walking with longer strides and there is a push-off by the foot to suspend
the body momentarily in the air.

3. Jumping- Springing on one foot or both feet and landing on both feet in any direction.

4. Hopping- Springing on one foot and landing on the same foot.

5. Skipping- Same procedure as in hopping but bouncing lightly with alternate steps.

6. Leaping- Springing on one foot and landing on the other foot.

7. Galloping- Moving in continuous forward or sideward direction with one foot leading.

8. Sliding- Gliding the foot along the floor.

1. Flexion- bending or shortening of a body part occurring at a joint.

2. Extension- turning, twisting or circling.

3. Pendular- swinging or swaying of arms forward, backward or sideward.

4. Percussive- striking and hitting; pushing and pulling.

5. Vibratory- shaking and beating of the body.

6. Sustained- s slow, smooth flowing movement with a balance of movement throughout

the entire series.

7. Suspended- a sharp movement followed by a series of slow or prolonged movements

until a peak is reached.

ACTIVITY 1

Instruction: Identify and name the following loco-motor and non-loco-motor movements below
and encircle the correct movement under the pictures.( 30 points)

Loco-
motor
non-
loco-
motor
loco-
motor
non-loco-motor

loco-motor non-loco-motor loco-motor non-loco-motor

 loco-motor non-loco-motor loco-motor non-loco-motor

loco-motor non-loco-motor loco-motor non-loco-motor

loco-motor non-loco-motor loco-motor Non-loco-motor

.
loco-motor non-loco-motor loco-motor non-loco-motor

Loco-motor
loco-motor non-loco-motor non-locomotor

LESSON 3

 ELEMENTS OF MOVEMENT SPACE

 ELEMENTS OF RHYTHM

INTRODUCTION

Dance consists of four elements of movement space, namely direction, level, range
and floor pattern. In making dance steps or figures we need to employ the above elements, as
well as elements of rhythm to make it more efficient and effective in conveying its significant
meanings.

Rhythm is natural to every individual and the main instrument in dancing is our
human body, we react to the beat of music every time we hear of any kind.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to do the following:
 1. Analyze the elements of movement space and elements of rhythm.
2. Classify the movement qualities.
3. Create simple dance steps and apply the element of movement space.
4. Appreciate and love dance to perform it better.

ELEMENTS OF MOVEMENT SPACE:

1. Direction- the line of movement taken which maybe forward, backward, sideward, diagonal,
upward, or a combination of these.

2. Level- movement through space that maybe done at a high, low, or medium level.

3. Range- refers to the area covered as the body moves.

4. Floor Pattern- the path or design that is made while moving in space. It may take a form of
circle, square, straight line or zigzag.

MOVEMENT QUALITIES:

Movement expression is attained through the elements of time, force and space.

Time Qualities:

1. Movement which is fast

Example: Jet plane

2. Movement which is slow

Example: Flower growing

Force Qualities:

1. Soft light movement

Example: Fairies

2. Strong, heavy movement

Example: Elephant

3. Strong, jerky movement

Example: Frog

4. Smooth, sustained movement

Example: Fish swimming

Space Qualities:

1. Movement up and down

Example: Bouncing ball

2. Movement across, back and forth or around

Example: Rowing boat

 3. Movement which is slow

Example: Turtles

4. Movement which is high

Example: Clouds

ACTIVITY 1

Instruction: Read the questions below and write your answers on the space provided below
(horizontal and vertical).
1 2 3 4 5 6

2 7

3 8 4

5 6

7
 8

9 10

10

CROSS
1. Compose of two numbers, the number above denotes the number of beat in a measure and the
number below, denotes the kind of note that receives one beat.
2. Movement through space.
3. The regular recurrence of beats which divides a musical design into measure.
4. A pulse beat at time limit.
5. The highness or lowness of a tone
6. A vertical line across a staff dividing it into equal measure of time.
7. Refers to the movement or movements done for each of the dance steps.
8. It maybe small as when the movement is done in one’s place or large when movement covers
a wide area as when getting away from one’s place.
9. Emphasis on a certain beats.
10. Change of position or location.
DOWN
1. Rate of speed of a movement
2. A group of pulse beats.
3. Variation of stress of movement.
4. Refers to a note or set of notes with or without rest used for a certain dance step.
5. The underlying pulse of a rhythm.
6. The path or design that is made while moving in space.
7. Printed symbol of a musical tone.
8. Measures grouped together.
9. Movement taken forward, backward, sideward, diagonal and upward.
10. Very important to everyone.

ACTIVITY 2

Instruction: Choose your answers inside the box and transfer them to the spaces provided
below according to their movement qualities. 2 points each

Galloping horse Turtle Birds and butterflies Bulldozer Jumping Jack

Fish swimming kites Bouncing ball Ants Merry-go-round

MOVEMENT QUALITIES Time Qualities Force Qualities Space Qualities

Movement which is fast

Movement which is slow

Soft light movement

Strong, heavy movement

Strong, jerky movement

Smooth,sustained movement

Movement up and down

Movement across, back and

forth or around

Movement which is low

Movement which is high

EVALUATION:
Instruction: Combine the loco-motor and non-loco-motor movement and create simple
dance steps applying the four (4) element of movement space. 4 points
Example:
1. Starting with the right ( R ) foot take four (4) small steps forward
while clapping your hands over your head for every count and close your left foot to
your right foot for the last count……………………………………………………1Measure
Elements of movement applied
Direction- forward
Level-high