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Philosophy Is A Way of Thinking About The World, The Universe, and Society

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156 views

Philosophy Is A Way of Thinking About The World, The Universe, and Society

Uploaded by

Zargham Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Philosophy

What is philosophy in simple words?


Philosophy is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society.
It works by asking very basic questions about the nature of human thought,
the nature of the universe, and the connections between them. The ideas
in philosophy are often general and abstract. Philosophy is the study of
general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality,
existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. ... The word
"philosophy" comes from the Ancient Greek (philosophia), which literally
means "love of wisdom".
What is philosophy used for?
It teaches critical thinking, close reading, clear writing, and logical analysis;
it uses these to understand the language we use to describe the world,
and our place within it. Different areas of philosophy are distinguished by
the questions they ask.
Why is philosophy so important?
This is both because philosophy touches so many subjects and,
especially, because many of its methods can be used in any field. The
study of philosophy helps us to enhance our ability to solve problems, our
communication skills, our persuasive powers, and our writing skills.
What is your philosophy in life?
1. My philosophy on life is that you should live while you are alive and you
should give others that same privilege. We shouldn't judge people for the
choices they make, because we all make bad decisions. You should do
what you want with your life, as long as it makes you happy and causes no
harm to others.
What are the benefits of studying philosophy?
Benefits of Studying Philosophy
 The ability to think logically.
 The ability to analyze and solve problems.
 The ability to assess proposed solutions.
 The ability to write and speak clearly, attending to details.

What skills do you gain from studying philosophy?


When you study philosophy, you develop skills in verbal and written
communication, problem solving, clear and disciplined thinking and
analysis, along with persuasive argumentation.
What do you mean by philosophy in life?
A philosophy of life is an overall vision or attitude toward life and the
purpose of it. ... Without a personal philosophy, we end up living without
direction.

Metaphysics
At its core the study of metaphysics is the study of the nature of reality, of
what exists in the world, what it is like, and how it is ordered. In
metaphysics philosophers wrestle with such questions as:
 Is there a God?
 What is truth?
 What is a person? What makes a person the same through time?
 Is the world strictly composed of matter?
 Do people have minds? If so, how is the mind related to the body?
 Do people have free wills?
 What is it for one event to cause another?
Epistemology
Epistemology is the study of knowledge. It is primarily concerned with what
we can know about the world and how we can know it. Typical questions of
concern in epistemology are:

What is knowledge?
Do we know anything at all?
How do we know what we know?
Can we be justified in claiming to know certain things?

Ethics
The study of ethics often concerns what we ought to do and what it would
be best to do. In struggling with this issue, larger questions about what is
good and right arise. So, the ethicist attempts to answer such questions as:

 What is good? What makes actions or people good?


 What is right? What makes actions right?
 Is morality objective or subjective?
 How should I treat others?
 

Logic
Another important aspect of the study of philosophy is the arguments or
reasons given for people’s answers to these questions. To this end
philosophers employ logic to study the nature and structure of arguments.
Logicians ask such questions as:

 What constitutes "good" or "bad" reasoning?


 How do we determine whether a given piece of reasoning is good or
bad?

What are the five concepts of philosophy?


 Aesthetics.
 Epistemology.
 Ethics.
 Logic.
 Metaphysics.
 Political philosophy.
Philosophy of education is the branch of applied or
practical philosophy concerned with the nature and aims
of education and the philosophical problems arising
from educational theory and practice.

A business philosophy is a set of beliefs and principles that a company


strives toward. This is sometimes referred to as a mission statement or
company vision. It's essentially the company's operational blueprint. The
business philosophy explains the company's overall goals and its purpose.

What do you mean by business ethics?


Business ethics is the study of appropriate business policies and
practices regarding potentially controversial subjects including corporate
governance, insider trading, bribery, discrimination, corporate social
responsibility, and fiduciary responsibilities.

What are 3 types of ethics?


The field of ethics (or moral philosophy) involves systematizing, defending,
and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. Philosophers
today usually divide ethical theories into three general subject
areas: metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics.

Epistemology, the philosophical study of the nature, origin, and limits of


human knowledge. The term is derived from the Greek epistēmē
(“knowledge”) and logos (“reason”), and accordingly the field is sometimes
referred to as the theory of knowledge.

Empiricism. Rationalists claim that there are significant ways in which our


concepts and knowledge are gained independently of sense
experience. ... Empiricists claim that sense experience is the ultimate
source of all our concepts and knowledge. Rationalists generally develop
their view in two ways

Why do we need epistemology?


Why is Epistemology important? Epistemology is the explanation of
how we think. It is required in order to be able to determine the true from
the false, by determining a proper method of evaluation. It is needed in
order to use and obtain knowledge of the world around us.
What is the main difference between empiricism and rationalism?
There is a distinct difference between rationalism and empiricism. In
fact, they are very plainly the direct opposite of each other. Rationalism is
the belief in innate ideas, reason, and deduction. Empiricism is the belief
in sense perception, induction, and that there are no innate ideas.

What is deductive and inductive?


The two major types of reasoning, deductive and inductive, refer to the
process by which someone creates a conclusion as well as how they
believe their conclusion to be true. Deductive reasoning requires one to
start with a few general ideas, called premises, and apply them to a specific
situation.

What are examples of induction?


Induction starts with the specifics and then draws the general conclusion
based on the specific facts. Examples of Induction: I have seen four
students at this school leave trash on the floor. The students in this school
are disrespectful.

Top Five Reasons to Study Philosophy


1. Fascinating subject matter
2. Wide variety of interesting classes taught by outstanding professors
3. Skill development
4. Great preparation for any career or graduate study
5. Personal development

1. Fascinating subject matter


Philosophy seeks not simply knowledge, but deep understanding and
wisdom.

Philosophy is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand


themselves, the world they live in, and the relations to the world and each
other.  Those who study philosophy are engaged in asking, answering,
evaluating, and reasoning about some of life’s most basic, meaningful, and
difficult questions, such as:

 What is it to be a human?
 What is the human mind?
 Are we responsible for what we do, or are we just helpless victims of our
genes, environment, and upbringing?
 Is there a God?
 What is the best sort of life to live?
 What is happiness? Can we hope to attain it? Is it what matters most in life?
Can bad people be truly happy?
 How should we balance our own desires, needs, and rights against those of
others individuals? against those of future generations? animals?
 What kind of person is it good to be?
 What sorts of political institutions are best?
 What do we know and how do we know it?
 What is truth?  Is anything true? How can we tell?
 What is art? What is beauty? Does art have to be beautiful to be good?
 Can we justify our judgments about the merits of a film, a book, a painting, a
poem?
 What is it for one thing to cause another thing to happen?
 Is there a scientific method?
 How do words come to have meaning?
 Do mathematical objects exist?
 What is time? Is time really real?

In studying philosophy, you’ll have a chance to grapple with these questions


yourself and to think about what others—some of the greatest philosophers of the
past and present, as well as your fellow students—think about them.

2. A wide variety of interesting courses taught by outstanding professors.


There are philosophy courses that address moral issues, others that focus on the
nature of science and technology, many that explore some of the most important
philosophical works written across the history of Western civilization and others
that introduce great thinkers of Eastern philosophy, courses for those who are
interested in mathematics and logic or politics and societies or religion or
knowledge or the human mind or the nature of reality.

Some of the courses are broad survey courses, others are in-depth studies of
particular issues, texts, or philosophers.  Most philosophy classes above the 0-level
are small and involve lots of discussion and writing.

Philosophy professors are dedicated teachers who are experts in their fields and
who are genuinely interested in helping students to develop their understanding
and skills.  Our professors have won teaching awards and consistently earn high
ratings on student evaluations.
3. Skill development
Far from being an abstract and useless field, philosophy is among the most
practical courses of study. Taking philosophy courses imparts skills that will be
useful not only in any career but also in your personal life.  The study of
philosophy will enable you to think carefully, critically, and with clarity, take a
logical approach to addressing challenging questions and examining hard issues,
reason well and evaluate the reasoning of others, discuss sensibly, and write
effectively.

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