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University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Taxila Computer Communication Networks LAB

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54 views

University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Taxila Computer Communication Networks LAB

Uploaded by

Areeba Noor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Engineering & Technology (UET)

Taxila
Computer Communication Networks LAB

EXPERIMENT # 06: Routing Information Protocol

Name of Student: …………………………………..

Roll No.: ……………………………………………

Date of Experiment: ………………………………..

Report submitted on: ………………………………..

Marks: ……………………………………

Remarks……………………………………

Signature………………………….………

Computer Communication Networks Lab Page 1


Routing Information Protocol
1. Objective:

Learn how configure RIP in packet tracer

2. Recourses Required:
 Computer
 Packet Tracer (version 5 or higher)

3. Introduction

When protocols are used to find networks and update routing tables on router then it
is called Dynamic Routing. Dynamic routing is easier than using static routing but it
will cost in term of CPU process and bandwidth of the network links.

3.1 Type of routing protocol:


There are two types of routing protocol used in internetwork; one is called Intra-AS
routing protocol while the other is called Inter-AS routing protocol. Intra-AS routing
protocols are used to exchange routing information with routers in the same
autonomous system (AS). Autonomous System is a collection of networks which are
under the same administrative domain. On the other hand Inter-AS routing protocol is
used to communicate between AS. Figure below shows classification of routing
protocol. RIP is a type of Intra-AS routing protocol.

Classification of routing protocol

a) Distance vector: The distance-vector protocols find the best path to a remote network
by judging distance. Each time a packet goes through a router, that’s called a hop. The
route with the least number of hops to the network is determined to be the best route. The

Computer Communication Networks Lab Page 2


vector indicates the direction to the remote network. Both RIP and IGRP are distance-
vector routing protocols. They send the entire routing table to directly connected
neighbours.
b) Link state: In link-state protocols, also called shortest-path-first protocols, the routers
each create three separate tables. One of these tables keeps track of directly attached
neighbours, one determines the topology of the entire internetwork, and one is used as the
routing table. Link state routers know more about the internetwork than any distance-
vector routing protocol. OSPF is an IP routing protocol that is completely link state. Link
state protocols send updates containing the state of their own links to all other routers on
the network.

3.2 Administrative Distance & Metric


Metric is a property of a route in computer networking, consisting of any value used
by routing algorithms to determine whether one route should perform better than
another. It is used to choose the best route among the routes found by same routing
protocol.
Administrative distance is the measure used by Cisco routers to select the best path
when there are two or more different routes to the same destination from two
different routing protocols. Administrative distance defines the reliability of a
routing protocol. Each routing protocol is prioritized in order of most to least reliable
(believable) using an administrative distance value.

If multiple routes exist to a given destination network ID, the metric is used to decide
which route is to be taken. The route with the lowest metric is the preferred route.
Some routing algorithms only store a single route to any Network ID in the routing
table even when multiple routes exist. The administrative distance (AD) is used to
rank the trustworthiness of routing information received on a router from a neighbor
router. It is an integer from 0 to 255, where 0 is the most trusted and 255 means no
traffic will be passed via this route. When a router receives two updates listing the
same remote network, the first thing router check is AD. The one with lower AD will
be placed in the routing table. If they have the same AD, then routing protocol metrics
(such as hop count in case of RIP) will be used to find the best path to the remote
network, again the advertised route with the lowest metric will be placed in the
routing table. The AD of RIP is 120, while static route have 1.

Computer Communication Networks Lab Page 3


4. Procedure
 Design the network as shown below

 Assign IP address to the PCs and the router interfaces according to the network
they are part of.
 Before you jump in and configure a serial interface, there are a couple of things
you need to know. First, the interface will usually be attached to a type of device
that provides clocking for the line to the router. But if you have a back-to-back
configuration (for example, one that’s used in a lab environment), one end—the
data communication equipment (DCE) end of the cable—must provide clocking.
By default, Cisco routers are all data terminal equipment (DTE) devices, so you
must tell an interface to provide clocking if you need it to act like a DCE device.
 To check the DCE interface, just bring your mouse over serial link, the interface
with whose name you see a (clock symbol) is the DCE one. You configure a DCE
serial interface with the clock rate of 64000. Notice that the clock rate command is
in bits per second.
 Ping communication between two networks from command prompt. Destination
unreachable error will be there. Now you must have noticed that routers can
communicate with devices directly connected to them.
 To allow two networks to communicate, go to the RIP window of router0 and add
the networks IP addresses the router is connected to (20.0.0.0 and 192.168.1.0).
Now go to settings and save it to NVRAM.
 Configure the other outer for RIP as well. Go to inspect and check the routing
table of both routers.
 Now see if the communication between two networks is possible with the
Dynamic addressing RIP.
 Now router0 configured the network B by RIP command.
 Indicate from the routing table the AD and metric being used for RIP.

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Note the fact that you need to type in every directly connected network that you
want RIP to advertise. But because they’re not directly connected we’re going to
leave out network192.168.2.0—it’s RIP’s job to find them and populate the
routing table.
That’s it. Dynamic routing makes your job a lot easier than when using static
routes, doesn’t it? However, keep in mind the extra router CPU process and
bandwidth that you’re consuming.

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University of Engineering & Technology (UET),
Taxila
Computer Communication Networks Lab
LAB WORKSHEET (Lab # 6)
Q.1 What is Dynamic Routing?
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Q.2 How Dynamic Routing differs from Static Routing?


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Q.3 How metric is used to decide which route is to be taken by the packet?


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Q4. State the observations about the routing table set by RIP?
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Computer Communication Networks Lab Page 6

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