BUSINESS RESEARCH PAPER RESEARCH FORMAT

I. INTRODUCTION

 Background of the Study

 Objective of the Research
 Statement of the Problem
 Importance of the Research

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

 Presentation of various frameworks and write-ups (at least 30 reviews)

 Theoretical Framework
 Coceptual Framework
 Hypothesis

III. METHODOLOGIES OF RESEARCH

Survey Questionnaire
Sampling Technique
Statitical Treatment
Scope and Delimitations
Quantitative and Qualitative Tools and Techniques

IV. PRESENTATION, INTERRETATION, AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

GATHERED

V. HYPOTHESIS TESTING AND CONCLUSIONS

VI. RECOMMENDATIONS
RESEARCH GUIDELINES AND EXPALNATIONS

A. RESEARCH TITLE

1. Research Title must be reflective of its problem

2. It must answer the following questions:
2.1. What question will answer the following
2.1.1. What are you trying to investigate?
2.1.2. What are you trying to find out, determine or discover?
2.2. Who question will answer who are the respondents or subjects of
the study.
2.3. Where question will indicate the research locale, setting or the
place where the research study is conducted.

B. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1. The proponent should describe the exixting and prevailing problem

situation based on his/her experience. The scope may be
global, national, regional, and local.
2. The proponent should give strong, justification for selecting such resarch
problem in his/her capacity as a resarcher. Being a part of the
organization or system and the desire and concern to improve the
systems.
3. The researcher should link and relate the background of the study to the
proposed research problem.

C. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

1. Related literature includes research fidings, published or unpublished

theories and principles formulated by experts or authorities in some field of
discipline and ideas or opinions of experts conatined in books, pamphlets,
magazines, and periodicals.
2. It should be written in terms of the purpose of the study.
3. It should give more weight to studies considered more administrative as
evaluates and should give reference in primary rather than secondary
sources.
4. It should be organized thematically to conform with the specific problems.
5. It should be synthesized such that evidence from all the studies reviewed
would get an overall understanding of the state of knowledge in the
problem area.
D. CONCEPTUAL / THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

1. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

1.1. The conceptual framework is the schematic diagram which shows

the variable included in the study.
1.2. Arrows or lines should be properly placed and concerned between
boxes to show the relationship between the independent and
dependent variables.
1.3. All the independent and dependent variables should be clearly
discussed and explained how these would influence the
results of the study.

2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1. The theoretical framework consists of theories, priciples,

generalizations and research findings whcihc are closely
related to
the present study under investigations. It is in this framework
where the present research problem under study evolved.
2.2. Authors of these theories and principles should be cited. As much
as possible research findings and theories should be correct.

E. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. There should be an introductory statement whcihc reflects the main

problem of the study.
2. Sub-problems should be stated in such a way that it is not
answerables by either yes, no, whom, and where.
3. Sub-problems should include all the independent and moderate
variables which are reflected in the conceptual framework.
4. Sub-problems should be arranged in logical order and extensive in
coverage and must be mututally exclusive in its dimensions.
5. if the research is quantitative avoid the “how questions”.

F. ASSUPMTIONS

1. Assumptions refers to ta preposition of some ocurences or

considerations that may be condidered in eliminating the
area of the study.
2. It is a preposition which a researcher asserts based on his own
itutition, experience, and observations but which is not
scientifically proven. It is adopted as a premise ti the solution of
the problem envisioned in his study.
G. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1. This section describes the contributions of the study to knowledge.

This could be in the form of new knowledge in the field, a
check on the major findings of other studies, a check on the
validity of findings in a different population, a check on
trends over time and a check on other findings using different
methodology.
2 It discusses the importance of the study to the society, the country,
the government, the community, the institution, the agency
concerned, the curriculum planners and developers
and to the researchers.
3. It expounds on the probable impact of the study to education,
sience, technology, on going researches, and etc.

H. DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. The terms which controls different meaning from the conceptual or

dictionary definitions, should be operationally defined to
facilitate the full understanding of the text by the reader
2. The terms to be operationally defined are those used trhoughout
the study and may be a word or a phrase, usually taken from
the title, the statement of the problem or hyphothesis.
3. The terms should be arranged in alphabetical order and the
definitions should be stated in complete sentences.

I. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

1. This section explains the natire, coverage, and time frame of the
study.
2. It presents in brief the subject area of investigation, the place, the
the time period, or school year covered.
3. It discusses the variables included in the study and the exclusion of
the other variables which are expected to be included.
4. It indicated the extent fo capability of results arising from the thr
sampling population.

J. METHODOLOGY

1. This discusses the research locale, research designs, population

sampling or respondents of the study, research instrument,
and the staitistical treatment of data.

1.1. Research Locale

 1.1.1. This discusses the place or setting of the study. It
describes in brief tha place where the study
is conducted. Only important features which
hae the bearing on the present study we
included.
1.1.2. Shows the target population.

1.2. Research Designs

1.2.1. This describes the research mode whetehr it is true

experimental or quasi-experimnetal design,
descriptive or survey research, historical
research, qualitative research, ethnographic,
and etc.

1.3. Population Sampling or Respondents of the Study

1.3.1. This describes the target population and the

sample frame.
1.3.2. It specifies the sampling technique used and how
the sample size is determined.

1.4. Research Instrument

1.4.1. This explains the specific tyoe of research

instrument used such as questionnaire,
checlist, questionnaore-checlist, structured
interview, teahcer-made test,
standardized instrument which are adopted or
borrowed with permission from the author or
from other sources.
1.4.2. The parts of the instrument should be explained
and what bits of information are dericed.
1.4.2. The establishment of validity and reliability should
be explained and only experts should be
chosen to variable such instrument. Specific
and appropriate statistical test used should be
given and the corrupted values
derived. Interprestation shoulb be included in the
discussions.

1.5. Statistical Treatment of Data

1.5.1. Explain how each statistical test is used in the

treatment of data.
 1.5.2. If the research instrument included options which
are scaled, explain how each scale is given
the
weight, its interval and class limits.

K. BIBILIOGRAPHY

1. This include all materials used and reviewed by the researcher,

such as books, magazines, periodicals, journals, thesis or
dissertations (published or unpublished).
Monographs, speeches and modules, web page or internet, etc.
2. In the choice of bibliographic materials, the following should be
considered:
2.1. Relatedness of the research problem.
2.2. Inclusion of recent publications (materials published in the
50’s up to 70’s should not be included.