anfengLithium: Powering Life

EVENTS “For all your lithium needs worldwide”

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W ld' Largest
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Producers
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Highest Grade Upstream Lithium Resources Highest Quality Downstream Processing Plants
Market Intelligence, Mineral Pricing, www.anqilithium.com

Events, Research and

Wall Maps Mariana Li-K Brine Project site (Argentina) PRIMARY Lithium Plant( China) Mt Marion Lithium Mine Project site (Australia)

World Lithium
Advanced development TOP LITHIUM PRODUCERS 2015 (TONNES) KEY Global lithium end-use
Australia (13,400) Zimbabwe (900) Producers
1 Lithium Americas Corp.: Jujuy, Argentina; Nevada, US
• Cauchari Olaroz in Jujuy, northern Argentina expects to enter initial production in late 2018 to early 2019. A
definitive feasibility study is expected in 2016. Owned 50% by SQM, following a $25m buy-in in March 2016.
markets 2015 (%)
Targeting production of 40,000 tpa lithium carbonate equivalent over a 30-year period.
Chile (11,700) Portugal (300)

2015
• Kings Valley, Nevada, not expected to enter production before 2019, at an initial level of 13,000 tpa lithium
Consumers


  carbonate equivalent, ramping up to 26,000 tpa after four years.

8th
2 POSCO: Salta, Argentina
• Intends to complete a 2,500 tpa lithium facility at Pozuelos Lake in Salta, Argentina by September 2016. Argentina (3,800) Brazil (160)
• Reported to be planning to ramp up production to 40,000 tpa from 2017. Producers
3 Eramet SA Salta, Argentina and
• Began feasibility study work at the Centario-Ratones project in 2016. China (2,200)
• Construction slated for late 2017, with production to begin in 2019 at 20,000 tpa. consumers

Lithium
Source: USGS
4 Energi Group Corp.: Salta, Argentina
• Owns Rincón project in Salta Province, Argentina.
• Pilot plant due to be brought online in 2016, with full scale facility expected in 2018 at a capacity of 50,000 tpa.

5 Bacanora Minerals Ltd: Sonora, Mexico

• Aims to produce lithium from lithium-bearing hectorite and polylithionite clays at Sonora project in northern Mexico.
• Anticipates production of 17,500 tpa lithium carbonate for the first two years of operation, to be ramped up to
35,000 tpa.

Supply&
• Bankable feasibility study expected by Q1 2017, with detailed design and site preparation work beginning in Q2 2017.
• Signed offtake deal with Tesla Motors in 2015.

6 Pure Energy Minerals Ltd: Nevada, US

• Expects to publish a preliminary economic assessment in Q2 2016 for its Clayton Valley South project in Nevada,
US, which holds an 816,000 tonne lithium carbonate equivalent inferred resource.

Markets
• Has a 2015 offtake agreement with the Tesla gigafactory.

7 Nemaska Lithium Inc: Quebec, Canada

• Aims to produce 28,000 tpa lithium carbonate equivalent, with commercial production beginning in Q1 2018 from its
Whabouchi mine and Shawinigan processing facility in Quebec, Canada.
Ceramics and glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32%
• Due to begin construction of mine, concentrator and hydromet plant Shawinigan, Quebec in Q3 2016.
Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35%
Conference
• A phase one plant, producing 500 tpa high purity lithium hydroxide to provide customer samples is due to be
completed in late 2016.
Lubricating greases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9%
8 Reed Industrial Minerals Pty Ltd [Neometals, Mineral Resources, Ganfeng]: WA, Australia
Continuous casting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5%
• Began operations at the Mt Marion spodumene operation in April 2016. Expects to start shipments later in the year.
38
• Targeted production of 380,000 tpa spodumene concentrate.
18 Air treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5%

24-26 May 2016

• Offtake agreement for material produced with co-owner Ganfeng; to be operated by co-owner Mineral Resources.

9 Galaxy Resources: Mt Cattlin, WA, Australia; Salta, Argentina; Quebec, Canada Polymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4%
• The Mt Cattlin mine was put on care and maintenance in July 2013 due to lack of profitability. Restarted production
in March 2016, to be operated by General Mining Corp; offtake agreement in place with Mitsubishi Corp. Primary aluminium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1%
• Slated lithium oxide concentrate production of 137,000 tpa at capacity. 19 Other uses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9%
• Also aiming to develop the Sal de Vida brine project in the Salar del Hombre Muerto in Salta, Argentina and a 17 15 7 15

Paris Las Vegas

pegamite project at James Bay in Quebec, Canada
9 Source: USGS

10 Pilbara Minerals: WA, Australia.

Lithium used in batteries

• Progressing spodumene project at Pilangoora. Targeting an output of 350,000 tpa spodumene concentrate, with
production beginning in 2018. 36
Europe
Las Vegas, USA Exploration & Development
14 22
21 20
North America
Portugal
37

35 1992 2014
6
13
1
23 39 Japan
South America
19
24 China
11 Codelco: Atacama, Chile

7% 31%
Looking for patners to operate its concessions at the Maricunga and Pedernales salars in Chile.

5
12 Li3 Energy Inc.: Atacama, Chile
Exploring the Maricunga project in northern Chile. 16 Republic
As an exclusive and one-of-its-kind 13 Dajin Resources Corp.: Jujuy, Argentina; Nevada, US of Korea
gathering within the lithium industry, Developing the Teels Marsh and Alkali Lake projects in Nevada and the Salinas Grandes project in northwest
Tianqi Lithium
Albemarle
Argentina.

running for the eighth time, Lithium Supply 14

Industries Inc.
Lithium X Energy Corp.: Salta, Argentina; Nevada, US

& Markets will once again welcome global Developing the Sal de Los Angeles project in the Diablillios salar in Salta, Argentina and the Clayton Valley North and
(Rockwood Lithium]
Sociedad de Quimica y KEY FACTS
Clayton Valley South Expansion projects in Nevada, US.
China: Sichuan, Jiangsu; Australia: WA
industry players from throughout the 15 International Lithium Corp.: Leinster, Ireland; Salta, Argentina; Ontario, Canada US: North Carolina, Tennessee, Nevada
• Revenues of $290m in 2015.
Developing, in partnership with Ganfeng, the Avalonia project in Wicklow, Ireland, the Mariana project in northwest Chile: Atacama
lithium value chain.
Minera SA (SQM)
Argentina and the Mavis Lake and Raleigh projects in Ontario, Canada Australia: Western Australia • Largest lithium carbonate producer in China
• Industrial and battery grade lithium carbonate
16 Alix Resources Ltd: Sonora, Mexico
• World's largest lithium producer; sales of $509m in 2015.
• Produces at three US sites: Kings Mountain, North capacity 25-30,000 tonnes • World lithium carbonate equivalent
Despite falling prices for a range of Conducting exploration work on the Electra clays project in Sonora, Mexico. Chile: Atacama Carolina (lithium chemicals), New Johnsonville, • During 2013-2015 acquired 51% equity in
consumption is estimated to increase to
• Lithium and derivatives business brought in revenues of Tennessee (normal and secondary butyllithium, Talison Lithium (capacity: >100,000 tonnes
commodities in 2015, the lithium market has North America $223m in 2015, with sales of 39,000 tonnes lithium products. lithium-based organo-metallic compounds), Silver Peak, LCE), 100% ownership of Galaxy Lithium’s
280,000 tpa by 2020
Current capacity is 48,000 tpa lithium carbonate and 6,000 tpa Nevada (lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide – brines). Jiangsu Plant (capacity: 17,000 tonnes LCE),

IM subscribers
stayed positive. Moving into 2016, upward 17 Houston Lake Mining Inc.: Ontario, Canada
Developing the PAK lithium pegmatite project in northwest Ontario, Canada.
lithium hydroxide. • Two production sites in Chile: plant system to produce 100% ownership of Cuola Spodumene Deposit,
• Produces both lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide at its 20% stake in Tibet Shigatse Zhabuye Lithium
price pressure is expected to continue with Salar del Carmen facilities, near Antofagasta, Chile, from
lithium brine at the Salar de Atacama and the plant at La
High-Tech Co., Ltd. • New lithium producers are expected to supply
18 MGX Minerals Inc.: Alberta, Canada
solutions with high concentrations of lithium coming from its
Negra, outside Antofagasta. Signed a memorandum of
• Expected to have total capacity of 45-50,000
supplies looking tight and demand set to Holds a number of lithium properties in Alberta, Canada. understanding in early 2016 to increase Chilean
approximately 25% of lithium required by 2020
potassium chloride production at the Salar de Atacama.
Brazil tonnes LCE in 2016.

primary business
production from 24,000 tpa to 70,000 tpa.
keep increasing. 19 Stria Lithium: Quebec, Canada; Arizona, US
Owns Pontax lithium property in Quebec, Canada and Willcox lithium project in Arizona, US.
• Supplies various end markets including batteries, ceramics,
heat-resistant glass, pharmaceuticals, lubricating greases and
• Mines lithium-bearing mineral spodumene at its operations
located in Greenbushes, Western Australia, through its
downstream lithium derivatives.
20 Ultra Lithium Inc.: Nevada, US 49% share in Talison Lithium Pty Ltd [remaining 51% held • For lithium consumed in batteries,
“Excellent way to Zimbabwe by China’s Tianqi], which produces around 350,000 tpa
Conducting exploration work at its South Big Smoky Valley lithium brine project in Esmerelda County, Nevada, US.
33 34 rechargeable lithium-ion batteries have the
focus
lithium products.
21
Nevada Sunrise Gold Corp.: Nevada, US 11 • Merged with Rockwood in 2014 in a $6.2bn deal.
Acquiring a number of lithium properties in and around the Clayton Valley area in Esmeralda County, Nevada. largest growth potential
FMC Corp.
• Integrated producer of lithium and lithium compounds

keep your fingers 22 Matica Enterprises Inc.: Nevada, US

Exploring at its Nevada Lithium project and McGee Claims project, both based in Clayton Valley.
Argentina: Salta
12
2
1
13
15 14
4
3
used in lithium-ion batteries for electronic devices,
alternative transportation vehicles and energy storage
technologies.
8 27
31 29
25 30
28
Australia

on the pulse of the 23

Iconic Minerals Ltd: Nevada, US
Exploring the Bonnie Claire lithium project in Nye County, Nevada, US.
• Lithium revenues of $238m in 2015.
• Produces lithium from its Fenix site in the Salar del Hombre
Muerto, Argentina, which had a 2015 output of 5,848 tonnes
Chile
9
9 26
10

LITHIUM TYPES
lithium market.”
24 Ashburton Ventures Inc.: Nevada, US
Owns the Elon project in Clayton Valley, and the Area 51 prospect in Nye County, both in Nevada, US.
lithium chloride and 12,411 tonnes lithium hydroxide
• Focused on “speciality lithium” products including lithium Orocobre Ltd
Australia
hydroxide (world's largest producer), butyllithium and lithium
metal.
• End markets served include: battery and energy, greases and
Argentina: Jujuy
• Newest entrant to South American lithium Ganfeng Lithium Co. Lithium carbonate
David Lankewicz, Managing Director, 25 Altura Mining Ltd: WA, Australia market. China: Jianxi; Australia: WA; Argentina: Salta 32 20% Refractories
Progressing its Pilgangoora project in Western Australia to feasibility stage. lubricants, polymers, air treatment, construction, fine • Operates Olaroz brine project under JV with • Revenues of $209m in 2015.
A fine white alkaline powder used in glass and ceramics; aluminium
Purchasing Director, Saft chemicals, glass and ceramics, pool-water treatment and Toyota Tsusho Corp. and Jujuy Energia y
26 Lithium Australia: WA, Australia; Ústecký, Czech Republic pharmaceuticals. • Produced 19,333 tonnes lithium carbonate in 2015 smelting; speciality cement; pharmaceuticals; lithium-ion battery cathode
Involved in the Cinovec lithium project in the the Ústecký region of the Czech Republic and four projects within the Mineria Soc. del Estado. from 35,000 tpa capacity. manufacture; and lithium chemical feedstock. Lithium carbonate is a
Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia: Coolgardie Rare Metals Venture; Ravensthorpe; Seabrook Rare Metals Venture;
and Greenbushes. Working to develop a novel process of producing lithium from mica ores.
Argentina • Ramping up to nameplate production capacity of
1,450 tonnes lithium carbonate per month over
• Owns stakes in the Mount Marion spodumene
project in Western Australia and the Mariana brine lithium chloride-rich liquor concentrated from brine and soda ash (Li2CO3).
6% Plastic
the course of 2016, following bottleneck-induced 3% Paper
Sponsors 27
Dakota Minerals: WA, Australia delays in 2015.
project in Salta, Argentina.
Exploring the Lynas Find in Pilangoora, Western Australia.
Lithium hydroxide
6% Paint
28
Lithium Power International Ltd: WA, Australia
Has various tenements in the Greenbushes area and Pilgangoora region in Western Australia.
Colourless to white crystals that absorb water and carbon dioxide from 4% Oil & gas drilling
the air. Used in lubricants and greases; copolymer production; additive
Metalicity: WA, Australia
29 Has applied for various tenements in Western Australia at Lake Cowan, Greenbushes and Pilgangoora. for liquid dyes and wood preservatives; stabiliser in photographic devel-

SPECIAL FOCUS ON CHINA

9% Metallurgy
Zenith Minerals Ltd: WA, Australia
opers; heat sink material; CO2 absorption; precursor for battery materials
30 Carrying out exploration at its Mount Alexander project in Western Australia. like LiPF6; and lithium chemical feedstock. Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is 4% Glass
Venus Metals Corp.: WA, Australia lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) plus calcium oxide (CaO). Lithium carbonate
31 Has applied for two strategic tenements in the Greenbushes lithium province in Western Australia.
and lithium hydroxide are used as chemical feedstock for numerous 4% Foundry/casting
Argosy Minerals Ltd: Tasmania, Australia lithium chemicals (see flow chart below). 6% Environment
32 Lithium carbonate top producers Lithium hydroxide production
Holds an exploration license for a site northeast of Launceston in northern Tasmania, prospective for spodumene,
micas and lithium hectorite clays.
CHINA'S LITHIUM CARBONATE PRODUCTION 8 Lanke lithium (subsidiary of Qinghai Salt Lake Industrial Limited):
CHINA’S LITHIUM CARBONATE IMPORTS (2015)
33
Liontown Resources Ltd: Northern Territory, Australia & CONSUMPTION (TONNES) 1 Tianqi: 4,000 tonnes in 2015, 8,000 tonnes in 2016, capacity 10,000 tpa • Production: 22,000 tonnes in 2015, 10% Construction

34
Set to acquire the Bynoe lithium-tantalum project in Australia’s Northern Territory.

Core Exploration Ltd: Northern Territory, Australia 80,000

· Capacity of 25-30,000 tpa
· Expected 2016 capacity of 45-50,000 tonnes LCE.
9
Tibet Urban Development and Investment Company: Produced 500
Chile Argentina Other
20,500 tonnes in 2014, up 7.3%

• Companies: Tianqi 5,000 tpa capacity;

Lithium value chain
78% 21%
Conducting exploration around the Anningie and Barrow Creek pegmatite fields in Australia’s Northern Territory tonnes in 2015, 2,000 tonnes anticipated in 2016

1%
Ganfeng 11,000 tpa capacity., Zhonghe
Europe 2 Ganfeng: Produced 19,333 tonnes in 2015 to be increased to 20,000 Group, currently has a capacity of 6,000 Source Primary Downstream
lithium lithium
60,000 tonnes in 2016; capacity of 35,000 tpa. 10 Jiangte Motor: 2,000 tpa, 1,095-1,825 tonne production in 2015; ramp tpa, expects to reach 18,000 tpa compounds compounds
Rio Tinto Plc: Jadar, Serbia 29% Chemicals
35 Aiming to complete a prefeasibility study at its Jadar lithium-borates project in Serbia by the end of 2017. up to 6,000 tpa in phase two. Phase 6,000 tpa (including subsidiary Sichuan
European Metal Holdings Ltd: Ústecký, Czech Republic 3 CITIC Guoan: Produced 2,500 tonnes in 2015; expects 2,500 tonnes in Xingsheng 6,000 capacity, Zhongsheng Mineral Lithium
36 40,000 Sichuan Rongda Lithium (Rongjie Limited subsidiary): Produced 7,000 capacity and Minfeng Lithium Lithium Lithium acetate,
2016; capacity 25,000. 11
Developing the Cinovec lithium-tin-tantalum project in Ústecký on the Czech-German border.

European Lithium Ltd: Wolfsberg, Austria

1,000 tonnes in 2016 CHINA’S LITHIUM CARBONATE EXPORTS (2014) 5,000 tpa)
hydroxide benzoate, citrate,
salicylate
hydroxide,
alanate,
amide etc.
37 Tibet Mining: 1st phase capacity of 8,000 tpa. 2nd phase 18,000 tpa. 2015
4
29% 7%
Developing the Wolfsberg lithium project in Austria.
20,000 • Export: 9,429.91 tonnes, up 53% Lithium
production of 3,000 tonnes; 4,000 anticipated in 2016. 12 Qinghai Lithium, (Western Mining Subsidiary): 5,000 tonne production carbonate
Lithium Lithium
38
Nortec: Tavastia Proper and Ostrobothnia, Finland
in 2015 and 2016; capacity of 10,000 tpa
Russia Holland chloride metal
Developing the Tammela project in Tavastia Proper, southern Finland and the Kelber projects in the country’s
• Import: 181.62 tonnes, up 329% Butylithium 14% Ceramics
South Korea 29% Malaysia 4%
Ostrobothnia region.
0 5 Hengxinrong Lithium: Expects 18,000 tpa capacity in 2016 and other
Lithium acetate, organolithium
Asia (ex China) 13 Zhonghe Group: 7,000 tpa (including subsidiary Zhongsheng Lithium compounds 3% Cement
2014 2015 Brine benzoate, citrate,

Japan 15% Other 16%

Tel: +44 (0) 20 7779 7222 Peninsula Mines Ltd: South Korea 6 General Lithium (Haimen) Corporation: 8,000 tpa capacity 6,000 tpa) salicylate 3% Argriculture
39 Has filed 53 tenement applications over an area prospective for lithium-bearing pegmatites in South Korea through its Production Consumption Source: redrawn from Pure Energy Minerals

Email: [email protected] subsidiary, Suyeon Mining Co. Ltd.

7 Shandong Ruifu: 5,000 tpa capacity 14 Sichuan Guorun Lithium: 5,000 tpa capacity 4% Abrasives
*Please note this list is not exhaustive
9% Other
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