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PEER REVIEWED & REFERRED JOURNAL, FEB-MAR, 2020, VOL- 8/38

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED PHYSICAL FITNESS VARIABLES OF

GOVERNMENT AIDED HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AND NON-
AIDED HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF MARATHWADA
REGION OF MAHARASHTRA STATE

Palne Kailash Shivharrao, Ph.D.

HOD, Director of Physical Education and Sports, Shivjagruti Senior College,
Nalegaon.

Abstract

As study have been conducted physical fitness variables of Government Aided Higher Secondary
School Students and Non-Aided Higher Secondary School Students of Marathwada Region of
Maharashtra State. The main aim of the study was the comparison between the government aided
higher secondary school students and non-aided higher secondary school students with AAPHER
physical fitness test battery. To achieve the objective of the study AAPHER physical fitness test
battery consisting of six test items, pull-ups; sit-ups (Bnt knee sit ups) standing broad jump; shuttle
run; 50yard dash; 600yard run/walk was used to measure fitness level of government school students
and public school student. The present study investigator has taken a total of 180 samples. The
subjects were divided into government aided higher secondary 90 students and non-aided higher
secondary 90 students. The investigator has employed the „t‟ test.
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Introduction:
Physical fitness to the human body is what fine turning is to an engine it enables us to
find potential. Fitness can be described as a condition that helps us to feel and do our best.
More specifically, it is the ability to perform daily tasks vigorously and with alertness and
also gives us time for enjoying leisure activities and meeting emergency demands. It is the
ability to endure to bearup, to with stand stress, to carry on in circumstances where an unfit
person could not continue, and is a major basic for good health and well-being. Fitness is not
synonymo0us with health. It plays an essential role in all aspects of health because they are
inextricably related. Good health provides a social foundation on which fitness rests and t the
same time fitness provides one of the most important keys to health and to living one’s life to
the fullest.
Physical fitness refers to the organic capacity of the individuals to perform the normal
task of daily living without tiredness or fatigue and having a reserve of strength, the energy

Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
 Dr. Palne Kailash Shivharrao
(Pg. 9883-9888) 9884

available to meet satisfactorily the emergency demand suddenly placed upon hm. Sport
activity demand different type and levels of physical abilities. When a particular sport
possesses qualities, it contributes to the development of specific physical fitness. It is this
specific fitness which makes it possible for a player to perform unusual and extraordinary
movement with a very high standard of efficiency. It is also termed as performance fitness.
The fist measurement of fitness is the performance of heart, organic fitness is usually
assessed though measurement of the cardiovascular system by means of blood pressure
measurement, pulse rate, and blood counts. There is an evaluation of response to physical
stress. Respiratory efficiency has been evaluated in the past by measurement of expiratory
force, breath holding and lung or vital capacity. These test are now seldom used because
functional respiratory can be measured more effectively through cardiovascular test, due to
the close relationship between the cardiovascular and respiratory system.
Physical fitness is the ability of the body to adopt and recover from strenuous
exercise. Physical fitness is only a part of total fitness. Physical fitnes is a measure of the
ability of the body to function under the stress of physical effort. This ability reflects the
condition of the body organs and system.
Motor fitness, which consist of strength, speed, power, agility, flexibility, endurance
and balance is one of the aspect of physical fitness, most commonly measured in physical
education classes. Strength is measured by means of a dynamometer, chin-ups, pull-ups, sit-
ups. Speed is measured by means of 50 yard dash ran. Power is measured by the time taken to
run around obstacles or by the number of times. A specified movement can be done in a unit
of time. Flexibility refers to the range of motion possible in the body joint. Endurance is
measured by the time taken to run a distance of 380 yards or more and is highly related to the
organic fitness. Balance may be measured by having the students stand or one foot blind
folded or by similar means, physical fitness is one the aspects of total fitness. The others are
emotional fitness, mental fitness and social fitness and all these are interrelated and influence
one another. Fitness of the citizens is an index of prosperity of the country. The standard of
health and fitness of the citizens of the country determine the productivity of a nation.
Physical fit individual is mentally alert, emotionally balanced and well adjusted to the
society. He faces the day to day problems of life with confidence. He adopts a positive and
optimistic attitude towards life. Physical well being is of all forms of excellence.

Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
 Dr. Palne Kailash Shivharrao
(Pg. 9883-9888) 9885

The object of any program of physical fitness is to maximize an individual’s health,

strength, endurance and skill relative to age, sex, body build, and physiology. These ends can
only be realized through conscientious regulation of exercise, rest, diet, and periodic medical
and dental examinations. Exercise should be regular and vigorous, but begun slowly and
should b only gradually increased in strenuousness. Popular exercise methods include
jogging, cycling, and the use of body-building machines. It is more important of sleep be
regular and restful than that they extend any fixed number of hours. A properly balanced diet
in proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals is essential. Conscientious dental hygiene
and periodic checkups are also strongly advised. Complete and regular physical examinations
should be the basis of any program of physical development. Tobacco smoking, as well as
alcohol and drug consumption is counterproductive to any physical fitness program.
Although sports are related to physical fitness, care must be taken that injuries do not occur,
and that the skin is adequately protected against the cancerous effects of solar radiation.
Physical fitness refers to the capacity of an athlete to meet the varied physical demands of
their sports without reducing the athlete to a fatigued state. The components of physical
fitness are: Strength, Endurance, peed, Flexibility, Body Composition. Motor fitness refers to
the ability of an athlete to perform successfully at their sport. The components of motor
fitness are : agility, Balance, Co-ordination, Power, Reaction Time.
Hypothesis:
For the present investigation the investigator has formulated the null hypothesis that
there is no significant difference between the government aided higher senior secondary
school students and non-aided higher secondary school students of Marathwada Region of
Maharashtra State.
Objective of the Study:
The study focused at the following objective related to physical fitness variables of
government aided higher senior secondary school students and non-aided higher secondary
school students. To assess the physical fitness level of government aided higher secondary
school male student with non-aided higher secondary school male students. Comparison was
done between selected physical fitness variable of government aided higher secondary school
students with non-aided higher secondary school students.
Methodology & Sampling:

Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
 Dr. Palne Kailash Shivharrao
(Pg. 9883-9888) 9886

A total of 180 male students constituted the sample for the investigation. The sample
was selected by the random sampling method in the government aided higher secondary
school students and non-aided higher secondary school students of Marathwada Region of
Maharashtra State. The male students having the age range of 16 to 19 years were taken as
subject study. The subject measured for the AAPHER physical fitness battery.
Tool Used:
The researcher took six test item of AAPHER youth fitness test battery to measure
shoulder strength, abdominal strength, agility, Power, Speed, and cardiovascular endurance.
The investigator has used (i) questionnaire (ii) measuring tape (iii) top watch (iv) standing
height stand as tools for the present study.
Method of Analysis:
The‘t’ test has been applied to find out the significant difference level of confidence at
0.05 level .
Administration of Test and Collection of Data:
The subjects in the present study were the selected government aided and non-aided
school students of Marathwada Region of Maharashtra State. Age of the subject was taken
from their school record to the nearest of year completed. Height measure with the standing
height stand in feet and inches Weight was measured by the spring balance depending on the
type of weighing machine the weight was recorded to the nearest of kilograms. Pull ups test
was used to measure arms and shoulder strength of the subject. The bent knee sit-up were
conducted to measure the abdominal strength of the subject. Standing broad jump was
administered to measure the explosive strength power of the subject. The purpose of the
shuttle runs was to measure the agility of the subjects. For administration of the shuttle run
(two parallel line 30 feet (9.144) meters apart were marked on the grow).
50 yard dash test was conducted to measure the speed of the subjects. Two lines at 50
yard (45.72m) distance were marked in the respective school play ground. The score was the
elapsed time recorded in seconds to the nearest tenth of the seconds 600 yard run/walk. The
purpose of the test item was to measure the endurance of the subject. The 600 yard run/walk
distance was marked in the play ground of the respective school. The time taken by the
subject was recorded in minutes and seconds.
Discussion and Findings:

Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
 Dr. Palne Kailash Shivharrao
(Pg. 9883-9888) 9887

Table I gives information regarding to the selected physical fitness variables age,
height, weight difference between government aided higher secondary school students and
non-aided higher secondary school students. ‘t’ test is applied for these variables. ‘t’ value is
6.435 which is significant of 0.05 level. Height ‘t’ value is 1.296 at 0.05 level weight
difference between GAHSS and NAHSS students. The calculated ‘t’ value is .734 at 0.05
significant level of confidence with df 178.
Table I significant Mean Difference in Score of Physical Fitness of Government Aided
and Non-Aided Higher Secondary School Students.
Mean SD Mean SD Std
Sr.
Item G.A.H.S. G.AH..S. N.A.H.S. N.A.H.S. Error
No. df -
Students Students Students Students Mean
1 Age 17.356 .916 16.278 1.298 .167 178 6.435
2 Height 5.428 .390 5.349 .419 6.036 178 1.296
3 Weight 57.033 7.693 55.944 11.798 1.484 178 .734
* 0.05 significant of level.
Table 2 give information regarding to the selected physical fitness variables of sit-ups,
standing broad jump, shuttle run, 50 yard dash, 600 yard run/walk, difference between
government aided higher secondary school students and non aided higher secondary school
students. ‘t’- test is applied for these variables. Pull-ups ‘t’ value 3.200, standing Broad jump
‘t’ value 6.557, shuttle run ‘t’ value 0.562. 50 yard dash ‘t’ value 1.213,600 yard run/walk
‘t’ value 4.674 calculated compared to the table of ‘t’ at 0.05 level of confidence with
df 178 and comparison mean value of physical fitness variable of government aided higher
secondary school students and non aided higher secondary school students.
Table 2 Signification Mean Difference in score of Physical Fitness of Government aided
and non aided from Higher Secondary School Students.
Mean SD Mean SD Std
Sr. No. Item G.S.S.S G.S.S.S G.S.S.S G.S.S.S Error
df -
Boys Students Students Students Mean
1 Pull-up 8.911 2.237 6.756 2.319 340 178 6.347
2 Sit-ups 26.911 5.278 22.41 12.54 1.406 178 3.200
3 S.B.J. 35.511 3.363 29.622 4.511 .593 178 6.557
Shuttle
4 11.428 .991 11.552 1.847 .221 178 .557
Run
50 yard
5 11.704 1.589 12.019 1.883 .260 178 1.213
Dash
600 Yaed
6 8.480 1.302 9.473 1.538 .212 178 4.04
Run/walk
Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
 Dr. Palne Kailash Shivharrao
(Pg. 9883-9888) 9888

0.05 significant of level.

Conclusion:
The null hypothesis is rejected .The investigator has found result with significant
difference in the physical fitness variables. On the basis of obtained result the significant
difference in the physical fitness variables of government aided higher secondary school
students was that they are older in their age, both group of subjects were approximately of
the same height. The government aided higher secondary school students are better in
strength, speed, endurance than the non aided higher secondary school students. Both groups
are having approximately equal level of agility.
Refernces:
AAHPER (1964), “Physical Education for High School Students Washington,” American Association
for Health Physical Education, and Recreations.
Chian, L. K. Zason and Wang,(2008), “Motivational Profiles of Junior College Athelete: A Cluster
Analysis”.
www.wekipediya.sports.com
www.academicjournals.sports

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