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I. ​Sthana Bala​ - positional strength 
 
1.1 Uchcha Bala - strength of exaltation   
1.2 Saptavargaja Bala - divisional strength 
1.3 Ojha jugmari amsa Bala - placement in odd/even Rasis and Navamsas 
1.4 Kendradi Bala - strength of placement in Kendra, succedent or cadent houses 
1.5 Drekkana Bala - Drekkana placement of planets 
Sthana Bala is the strength of planetary positions. This kind of strength depends exclusively on 
the zodiacal positions of the planets. Other factors like speed, Bhava cusps or aspects are 
neglected in this context. 
1. Uchcha Bala
1 Uchcha Bala is a measure for the distance between a planet and its exaltation point. 
2 Each planet gets 1 Rupa in exaltation and zero in debilation. Other positions contribute a 
proportional value. 
3 Rule:​ Find out the distance between a planet an its debilation point (max is 180). Uchcha Bala 
(in Virupas) will be one third of this value. 
4 Uchcha Bala Example
5 Let the Sun be in 12 Gemini. Debilation is in 10 Libra. Distance between both points is 118 
deg. So Uchcha Bala will be 118/3 = 39.3 Virupas. 
2. Saptavargaja Bala
Sapta vargaja Bala is the divisional strength of seven Vargas (Saptavargas). Sapta vargaja Bala is 
similar to Sapta varga calculation, but the evaluation is different, and there is no weigthed 
evaluation, i.e. all Vargas have the same contribution. 
The seven Vargas are 
1 Rasi (D-1) 
2 Navamsa (D-9) 
3 Hora (D-2) 
4 Decanate (D-3) 
5 Saptamamsa (D-7) 
6 Dvadasamsa (D-12) 
7 Trimsamsa (D-30) 
Each Varga placement contributes a strength according to the placement in the planet's sign. 
 
Moolatrikonda  45 
Own Rasi  30 
Extreme friend (Adhi Mitra) 20 
Friend(Mitra) 15 
Neutral (Sama) 10 
Enemy (Satru) 4 
Extreme Enemy (Adhi Satru) 2 
 
Theoretical maximum value for Sapta vargaja Bala is 45*7=315 Virupas (Planet in Moolatrikona for 
all Vargas). 
1. Strength calculation is not the same as in Saptavarga calculation. 
2. Exaltation and debilation play no role in Saptavargaja Bala. 
3. Moolatrikona placement in Varga charts is calculated according to sign position not to 
longitude (because there is no longitude in higher Varga charts). 
 4. There are different opinions about temporary friendship of planets. Some say that 
temporary friendship is always relative to Rasi placement of planets, others say that this 
friendship must be calculated from the underlying Varga chart. 
3. Ojha jugmari amsa Bala
Ojha jugmari amsa Bala is about the placement of the planets odd/even Rasis and Navamsas. 
Female planets (Moon, Venus) get 15 Virupas if they are placed in even Rasi/Navamsa, zero 
otherwise. 
Male planets (Sun, Mars, Jupiter) and neutral planets (Mercury, Saturn) get 15 Virupas if they are 
placed in in odd Rasi/Navamsa, zero otherwise. 
This calculation must be made for Rasi and Navamsa chart separately, i.e. a planet can get a 
maximum of 30 Virupas for this kind of strength. 
Ojha jugmari amsa Bala Example
Moon in 1 Pisces gets 15 Virupas for Rasi placement in ​odd sign​ and 15 Virupas for placement in 
female Navamsa (Cancer). The total Ojha jugmari amsa Bala is therefore 30 Virupas. 
 
4. Kendradi Bala
Kendradi Bala evaluates the fact that planets in angles (Kendras) are stronger than planets in 
succedent or cadent houses. 
Each planet in angle gets full strength (60 Virupas), planets in succedent houses get 50% of 
strength (30 Virupas), while planets in cadent houses only get 25% (15 Virupas). There is no 
distinction between male and female planets etc. in this Bala type. 
The table below shows the Kendradi Bala for all houses. 
Strength
Type Houses (Virupas)

Kendra (angle) 1, 4, 7, 10 60

Panaphara 2, 5, 8, 11 30
(succedent)

Apoklima (cadent) 3, 6, 9, 12 15

5. Drekkana Bala
Male planets get 15 Virupas in first decanate, female planets in 2nd decanate, neutral planets in 
3rd decanate. This evalution is valid for all zodiacal signs; there is no distinction between male 
and female signs. 
 
Planets/Degrees 0° - 10° 10° - 20° 20°- 30°

Sun, Mars, Jupiter 15 0 0

Moon, Venus 0 15 0

Mercury, Saturn 0 0 15

II. Dig Bala 

 
Dig Bala is the strength of planetary directions, i.e. their position relative to the angles of the chart. 
 
1. Planets with high Digbala will have auspicious effects in the direction of their strength. 
2. Planets with bad Digbala will cause losses and difficulties in their direction of strength or 
the opposite direction. 
 
Remark:​ It is difficult to determine the correct direction in which events will take place because 
there are different views of planetary directions. Digbala is the source of strength but events may 
take place in the directions attributed to the planets, i.e. 
● Sun: east 
● Saturn: west 
● Mercury: north 
● Mars: south 
● Jupiter: north-east 
● Rahu: south-west 
● Moon: north-west 
● Venus: north-east 
 
Calculation 
Each planet has directional strength in an angle of the chart. These points of strength are: the 
cusp of 1st house (Ascandant), 7th house (Descendant), 4th house (Nadir, Imum Coeli) or 10th 
house (Meridian, Medium Coeli). 
 
Sun and Mars are strong in the 10th,  
Jupiter and Mercury in the Ascendant,  
Moon and Venus in the 4th and  
Saturn in the 7th. 
 
Dig Bala of a planet is the distance between his position and the corresponding point of mimimum 
strength (in Virupas). Values greater than 180° or 60 Virupas must be deducted from 360° resp. 
120 Virupas, so the Dig Bala of a planet must be between zero and 60 Virupas. 
The table below shows the strongest and weakest points of Dig Bala for the planets. 
Planets  Strongest  Weakest 

Sun, Mars  Meridian  Nadir 

Mercury,  Ascendant  Descendan

Jupiter  t 

Moon, Venus  Nadir  Meridian 

Saturn  Descendan Ascendant 

t 
Examples 
1. Let Moon be in 3° Taurus and Meridian in 17° Cancer. Dig Bala of the Moon is therefore 
digbala = ( 97° - 33° ) / 3 = 64/3 = 21 Virupas 
2.Let Sun be in 12° Capricorn and Ascendant in 23° Cancer. Dig Bala of the Sun must be 
calculated from the Descendant i.e. 23° Capricorn .digbala = ( 293° - 272° ) / 3 = 21/3 = 7 
Virupas 
  
 
III. Kala Bala  
 
Kala Bala is the temporal strength the planets, i.e. it is a collection of different sources of strength 
at the time of birth. Kala Bala consists of 6 parts. 
No
.  Kala Bala Type  Description 

1  Nathonatha Bala  Diurnal/nocturnal strength 

2  Paksha Bala  Strength related to Lunar phase 

3  Tribhaga Bala  Related to portions of the day/night 

4  Varsha-Masa-Dina-Hora  Astrological year (Varsha), month (Masa), day (Dina) and hour 
Bala  (Hora) 

5  Yudhdha Bala  Strength caused by planetary war 

6  Ayana Bala  Equinoctial strength. Some see Ayana Bala as a separate 

source of strength. 
 
1. Nathonatha Bala 
● relates to diurnal resp. nocturnal strength of the planets. 
● The Moon, Mars and Saturn are strong in the night and weak in the daytime. 
● The Sun, Jupiter and Venus are strong in the daytime, weak in the night. 
● Mercury has always maximum strength. 
Calculation 
 
2. Paksha Bala 
Paksha Bala is related to Lunar phase at the time of birth. Benefics get high Pakasha Bala near 
Full Moon, low Bala near New Moon. Reverse for malefics. 
Calculation 
Paksha Bala in Virupas depends on the angle between Moon and Sun. The formula is 
pakshabala = ( moon - sun ) / 3 
The Bala must be deducted from 120 if the value exceeds 60. 
This method yields a small value if birth takes place near New Moon (irrespective of placement 
before/after New Moon). Birth near Full Moon will result in high Paksha Bala (~60). Birth near Half 
Moon will have 30 Virupas. 
This method is extended to all planets in Paksha Bala. Benefic planets (Jupiter, Venus) get Paksha 
Bala Virupas according to this method. 
The method of calculation is reverse for malefics (Sun, Mars, Saturn) i. e. the value must be 
deducted from 60. 
The Moon is benefic if birth takes place in the bright half of the month, i.e. birth is between New 
Moon and Full Moon. Reversely Moon is malefic for birth in the dark half of the month (between 
Full Moon and New Moon). 
Mercury is regarded as malefic if conjunct with a malefic, benefic otherwise. 
 
3. Tribhaga Bala 
Tribhaga Bala is about portions of the day/night at the time of birth. 
Each portion of the day resp. night has a lord as its ruler. The lord of the birth time will get full 
strength (60 Virupas). See table. 
 
Part Day Night 
1 Mercury Moon 
2 Sun Venus 
3 Saturn Mars 
Jupiter always gets 60 Virupas, i.e. each chart will have two planets with 60 Virupas Tribhaga 
Bala: the lord of birth time and Jupiter. Other planets will have nil Tribhaga Bala. 
 
[4. Varsha-Masa-Dina-Hora Bala] 
This Bala is about the astrological year, month, day and hour in which birth takes place. 
Astrological fundaments and calculation of this Bala are described on the ​Hora​ page. 
The strength of this Bala are 
● The lord of Varsha (year) gets 15 Virupas. 
● The lord of Masa (month) gets 30 Virupas. 
● The lord of Dina (day) gets 45 Virupas. 
● The lord of Hora (hour) gets 60 Virupas. 
 
5. Yudhdha Bala 
Planetary war takes place if 2 planets (Mars ... Saturn) are within one degree of each other. 
The planet with the higher longitude is the winner. The difference of Kala Bala points aquired so 
far will be redistributed and must be added to the winner's amount and reduced from the loser's 
amount. 
6.Ayana Bala 
Ayana Bala plays a singular role in Shadbala calculation. Some see it as a part of Kala Bala, 
others see Ayana Bala as a separate source of strength.   
Ayana Bala is identical to Cheshta Bala for the Sun (the Sun has no own Cheshta Bala because he 
is always in ​Sama​ motion). 
Signification
Ayana Bala depends upon declination and the tropical zodiac, i.e. Ayanamsa must be neglected. 
Ayana Bala is the only source for evaluation of this planetary property. Moon and Saturn are 
strong with southern declination; Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Venus in the north. 
Mercury plays a special role in so far as it is strong with northern as well as southern declination. 
So Mercury is again the most neutral planet. 
All planets (including Mercury) have medium Ayana Bala near the equinoxes. 
 
Calculation

Ayana Bala depends upon the declination of the planets resp. their tropical longitude (which is 
nearly the same, see below). It is important to remember that Ayanamsa must be added to the 
planetary longitudes in Ayana Bala calculation. 
The planets form 3 groups, each of them having their own rules for Ayana Bala calculation. All 
planets have 50% Ayana Bala strength (30 Virupas) in the equinoxes (0 Aries and 0 Libra). 
The specific rules are 
1. The Moon and Saturn have maximum Ayana Bala (60 Virupas) near the point 0 Capricorn, 
zero in 0 Cancer. 
 2. The Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Venus have maximum Ayana Bala near the point 0 Cancer, zero 
in 0 Capricorn. 
3. Mercury has maximum Ayana Bala near 0 Cancer ​and​ 0 Capricorn. 
 
Kranti Based Calculation
Kranti is the declination of a planet relative to the celestial equator. A planet in the equinox has 
Kranti zero while a planet near the point 0 Capricorn or 0 Cancer has maximum Kranti (which is 
about 23:27 deg). 
 
The rule for Ayana Bala calculation is 
ayanabala = 30 * ( eps +- kranti ) / eps = 1.2793 * (eps +- kranti) 
where eps is the obliquity of the ecliptic (23:27). The rules for addition/subtraction of the Kranti 
value are 
● Moon and Saturn: the value must be added for southern Kranti, deducted for northern 
Kranti. 
● Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Venus: the value must be added for northern Kranti, deducted for 
southern Kranti. 
● Mercury: the value must be added for northern ​and​ southern Kranti. 
 
Parasara's Method
The second method is described by Parasara in chapter 27 (15-17) of Hora Shastra. 
Find out the tropical longitude of a planet i.e. add Ayanamsa to its longitude. Calculate the 
distance from the nearest equinoxe. This value must be between 0 and 90. There are 3 Khandas 
(portions) for 3 possible Rasis: 45 (1st sign), 33 (2nd sign) and 12 (3rd sign). 
Khanda Rules
1.) Planets within the 1st sign get the proportional strength according to their longitude in that 
sign (Khanda 45). 
Example:​ A planet in 10° Pisces has distance 20° from equinoxe (0° Aries) and will get a 
value of 20/30 * 45 = 30. 
2.) Planets in the 2nd sign (30°-60°) will get the Khanda of 45 plus proportional value (of 33) for 
their longitude in the 2nd sign. 
Example:​ a planet in 10° Scorpio has distance of 40° from equinoxe. So the value is 45+ 10/30 
* 33 = 56. 
3.) Planets in the 3rd sign (60° - 90°) get a value of 78 (=45+33) plus the portion of the Khanda 
value (12). 
Example:​ a planet in 15° Cancer has distance 75° from equinoxe. The total value will be 78 + 
15/30 * 12 = 84. 
The result must be between 0-90. Planets near the equinoxes get a small value (near 0); planets 
near 0°Cancer or 0°Capricorn get a high value (near 90). 
Rules for Specific Planets
Moon and Saturn get in addition 90 degrees if they are posited between Libra and Pisces. The 
value must be deducted from 90 if their position is between Aries and Virgo. 
Same vice versa for Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Venus i.e. 90 must be added for for positions between 
Aries and Virgo; the value must be deducted from 90 for Libra to Pisces. 
For Mercury 90 must always be added. 
The result must be divided by 3 to get Ayana Bala in Virupas. The value must be between 0 and 
60 Virupas. 
Length Based Calculation
This method doesn't use the declination of the planets but is only based upon their tropical 
longitude. The results are almost identical to the above described method's results. 
The calculation rule is ayanabala = 30 * ( 1 +- abs( sin( len ) ) ) 
where len is the tropical longitude of the correponding planet/luminary. 
The rules for addition/subtraction are the same as above. 
Example
Take May 1st 1990 0:00 UT as example. Length must be Sayana (without Ayanamsa); declination 
must be relative to the equator (not to the ecliptic). 
The table shows that the results are quite similar; the tolerance is within 2 Virupas. 
Declinatio Method Method Method
Planet Length n 1 2 3

Sun 10°22 Taurus 14°56 N 49.1 48.8 49.4

Moon 29°55 Cancer 21°12 N 4.2 3.9 4.0

Mars 07°32 Pisces 10°12 S 17.0 18.8 18.5

Mercur 15°05 Taurus 17°36 N 52.5 50.5 51.2

y

Jupiter 06°57 Cancer 23°23 N 59.9 59.1 59.8

Venus 26°28 Pisces 02°29 S 26.8 28.2 28.2

Saturn 25°20 Capricorn 20°54 S 56.7 56.6 57.1

IV.Cheshta Bala

Cheshta Bala is the strength of planetary motions. 

The Cheshta Bala of the Sun is identical to his Ayana Bala; Cheshta Bala of the Moon is her 
Paksha Bala. 
The five planets (Mars ... Saturn) may have 8 different types of motion. They can be in direct 
motion (slow, normal or accelerated), be stationary or retrograde. Another kind of motion is the 
introgression into the next/previous sign of the zodiac in accelerated of retrograde motion. 
Retrograde Motion
Retrograde Planets are very strong according to Cheshta Bala. A retrograde planet is powerfull 
and gets the full Cheshta Bala (i.e. 60 Virupas). This kind of motion is called ​Vakra​. 
Another kind of retrograde motion is ​Anuvakra​. A planet is in Anuvakra motion if he is retrograde 
and enters the previous sign in his retrograde motion. Anuvakra planets get 50% of strength (30 
Virupas). 
 
Stationary Planets
A planet is stationary if he he is devoid of motion. This happens if the motion is changing from 
direct to retrograde or vice versa. Stationary planets get a strength of 25% i.e. 15 Virupas. This 
kind of motion is called ​Vikala​. 
Direct Motion
There are 5 different kinds of direct motion described in Hora Shastra. 
The motion is called ​Mandatara​ if the speed is slow. Mandatara motion gets 25% of strength (15 
Virupas). 
The motion is called ​Manda​ if the speed is medium. Manda motion gets 50% of strength (30 
Virupas). 
 
Normal motion is called ​Sama​. A planet is in Sama motion if his speed is near the average. Sama 
motion gets 7.5 Virupas and is the weakest of all motions. 
Fast direct motion is called ​Chara​. Chara planets get 75% of strength (45 Virupas). 
A special Chara motion is ​Atichara​. A planet is in Atichara motion if he is in Chara and enters the 
next sign of the zodiac. Atichara planets get 50% of strength (30 Virupas). 
Summary of Cheshta Bala
The table below summarizes the different types of Cheshta Bala. 
Motion Virupas Speed (Percent) Remark

Vakra 60 <0 Must not enter previous sign

Anuvakra 30 <0 Like Vakra. Planet enters previous sign in

retrograde motion

Vikala 15 < 10% of average speed -

Mandatar 15 Between 10% and 50% of average -

a speed

Manda 30 Between 50% and 100% of -

average speed

Sama 7.5 Between 100% and 150% of -

average speed

Chara 45 > 150% of average speed Must not enter next sign

Atichara 30 > 150% of average speed Like Chara. Planet enters next sign in direct
motion

 
 
V. Drig Bala

Drig Bala is the aspectual strength of planets, i.e. strength received from other planets by their 
aspects. 
A planet with high Drig Bala will produce helping effects. Aspecting planets will help during their 
periods or transits. 
 
Using Sputa Drishti
Sputa Drishti gives exact values for each angle between pairs of planets 
Drig Bala has a slightly different approach. Aspects are sorted in two groups: benefic and malefic 
aspects. 
Benefics are Jupiter and Venus. Malefics are Sun, Mars and Saturn. Moon is a benefic if birth 
takes place in the bright half of the month. Mercury is malefic if conjunct with a malefic (including 
nodes). 
Drig Bala needs a rectification of Sputa Drishti. The values for rectification are 
● Benefic aspects get 125% of Sputa Drishti for Drig Bala. 
● Malefics get only 75% of Sputa Drishti for Drig Bala. 
The Drig Bala of a planet is the sum of all rectified aspectual values. 
 
Bala Summary 
Planets with high net Bala will have strong effects. These effects will be auspicious in most cases. 
But strong planets can also have strong inauspisious effects, especially Saturn and Mars. Planets 
with low net Bala will prove inauspicious or harmless. 
Shadbala Requirements 
Planets are considered to be strong if they meet the minimum Shadbala requirements mentioned 
in Hora Shastra. The values are 
Required 
Planet  (Rupas)  Virupas 

Sun  6.5  390 

Moon  6.0  360 

Mars  5.0  300 

Mercury  7.0  420 

Jupiter  6.5  390 

Venus  5.5  330 

Saturn  5  300 
 
A planet that has at least the required Shadbala Pinda is considered to be strong and will show 
favourable results. Nevertheless malefics like Saturn or Mars can give problems and miseries, too. 
Requirements for Individual Shadbala Types 
There is another Shadbala requirement template that is based upon individual requirements for 
different types of Sub-Balas. This approach can be used as an alternative method for judgement 
of strength, even if the requirements mentioned above do not match. 
Planets are arranged in groups. The corresponding planet must match ​all​ the requirements in 
order to be considered as strong. 
The table shows the required Balas in Virupas. 
Sthana  Dig  Kala  Cheshta  Ayana 
Planets  Bala  Bala  Bala  Bala  Bala 

Sun, Jupiter,  165  35  50  112  30 

Mercury 

Moon, Venus  133  50  30  100  40 

Mars, Saturn  96  30  40  67  20 

Naisargika Bala​ - natural strength