Name______________________________ Date_______________

Integrated Algebra A
Notes/Homework Packet 5

Lesson Homework
Introduction to Square Roots HW #1
Simplifying Radicals HW #2
Simplifying Radicals with Coefficients HW #3
Adding & Subtracting Radicals HW #4
Adding & Subtracting Radicals continued HW #5
Multiplying Radicals HW #6
Dividing Radicals HW #7
Pythagorean Theorem Introduction HW #8
Pythagorean Theorem Word Problems HW #9
Review Sheet
Test #5

1
 Introduction to Square Roots
Taking the square root of a number is the opposite of squaring the number. Even your calculator
knows this because x2 has above it. To find a square root, hit 2nd button , select , put the number
in, close the parentheses and hit enter!

Every positive number has two square roots: one positive and one negative.
For example:
25 = 5 and 25 = -5 because 52 = 25 and (-5)2 = 25

Let’s practice – These are the ones we should know for this unit! But of course, there are more
than just these ones!

12 = (-1)2 = 1=

22 = (-2)2 = 4 =

32 = (-3)2 = 9 =

42 = (-4)2 = 16 =

52 = (-5)2 = 25 =

62 = (-6)2 = 36 =

72 = (-7)2 = 49 =

82 = (-8)2 = 64 =

92 = (-9)2 = 81 =

102 = (-10)2 = 100 =

112 = (-11)2 = 121 =

122 = (-12)2 = 144 =

Now that we have these perfect squares, we can combine them and do some operations! When
we do these operations, we only use the positive value of the square root.

Example 1: 18  2 Example 2: 3( 4)  13

2
 144
Example 3: 49  100 Example 4:
9

Example 5: 2 16  5 Example 6:  81  10

Practice

1. 36  121 2. 3 4  2 64

100
3. 4. 21  5  7 5(5)
25

3
Name________________________________ Date_________________
HW #1

1. Find the two square roots of the following numbers (one positive, one negative):

a) 64 b) 100 c) 16 d) 225

2. Evaluate each expression:

a) 16  7 b) 9  16

c) 10( 100  5) d) 25 * 49

2 36
e) f) 2 100  75
6

Review
1) Solve and show all work
42 – [2(8+3)-4]2

4
 Simplifying Radicals

When simplifying radicals, you must know the perfect squares.

VIPS : Very Important Perfect Squares

VIPS: Examples:
STEPS:
1) Simplify 18 1) Find the largest perfect square that
12 = divides evenly into the number inside
the radical. Put him under the first .
22 =
2) Put “his friend” in the 2nd .
3 =
2

3) Take the the first number and

42 = leave the 2nd # in the .

52 = 4) Make sure your final is totally

reduced!! If not, repeat process.
62 =
2) Simplify 24
7 =
2

82 =

92 =

102 =

112 = 3) Simplify 160

122 =

132 =

142 =

152 = 4) Simplify 17

162 =

5
 Simplify these radicals:

1) 20 2) 24 3) 40

4) 10 5) 50 6) 300

Practice

1) 28 2) 27 3) 48

4) 90 5) 98 6) 63

  

6
Name________________________________ Date_________________
HW #2

Simplify the following radicals, showing ALL WORK:

1) 75 2) 45 3) 32

4) 96 5) 54 6) 200

7) 117 8) 98 9) 108

Review:
1) Create a stem and leaf plot of the following data set.
11, 21, 3, 35, 22, 19, 8, 37, 42, 13, 4

7
Simplify the following radicals:
1. 125 2. 54 3. 80

Simplifying Radicals with Coefficients

When we put a coefficient in front of the radical, we are multiplying it by our answer after we
simplify.

If we take Warm up question #1 and put a 6 in front of it, it looks like this

6 125
We keep bringing
down each piece and
6 25 5 multiply at the end.

6 5 5

30 5

1. 2 18 2. -4 12 3. 6 72

8
Examples

1
1. 20 2. 10 32 3. -2 48
2

4. - 44 5. 3 13 6. 5 500

Practice

4
7. 3 250 8. -5 24 9. 50
5

10. 3 27 11. - 45 12. 12 60

Name________________________________ Date________________
HW #3

9
Simplify the following radicals:
1. 28 2. 600 3. 98

1
4. 5 8 5. 162 6. -7 45
3

7. 10 80 8. - 99 9. 3 15

Review:
1) The length and width of a rectangle are in the ratio 3:4. The perimeter of the rectangle is 84
cm. Find the length and width of the rectangle.

10
 Adding / Subtracting Radicals
1) Simplify 50 2) Simplify 90

Important Points to know:

 Make sure the radicals are in ____________ _______ before you add or subtract.
 In order to add or subtract radicals, the number inside the radicals must be the ________. This
is called the ______________.
 When the radicands are the same, then, you can add or subtract only the numbers in
__________ of the radicals (_________________). The radicands are treated kind of like
variables.

Already-Simplified Radicals:
NOTE:
Example 1: 2 + 2 x+x -These numbers can be
“added” because the
1 2 +1 2 1x + 1x radicands are the same.
-However, only the numbers
= 2 2 = 2x in front, which are 1’s, are
added. Nothing happens to
the 2 . It is almost like an
x.

Example 2: 2 3 + 4 3 Example 3: 6 5 – 4 5

Practice

1) 7 6 +2 6 2) 13 +5 13 3) 4 11 – 11

4) 2 3 –6 3 5) -10 2 +3 2 6) -8 15 –9 15

11
Un-Simplified Radicals:

When the radicals are NOT in simplified form, we must use the method learned the last couple of
days to simplify them!

Example 4: 3 + 27 NOTE:
The 3 is simplified already, but the
27 must still be simplified.

3 + 9 3

3 + 3 3

Example 5: 4 2 + 3 50 Example 6: 3 20 –2 5

Practice

1) 2 3 +4 12 2) 3 5 –2 45 3) 7 5 – 15

4) Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose length is 3 5 and width is 2 7 . [Draw a

picture!]

Name________________________________ Date_________________
HW #4

12
Perform the indicated operation (Add or Subtract):

1) 3 +8 3 2) 3 5 – 7 5 3) 11 – 11

4) The sum of 12 and 5 3 is? 5) Find the difference of 12 11 and 44 .

6) Simplify: 200 – 3 2 7) Express the sum of 18 + 5 2 in simplest

radical form.

8) 5 3 + 27 9) 5 3 +2 3 –6 3

10) Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose length is 4 5 and width is 3 7 .

[Draw a picture!]

13
 Adding/Subtracting Radicals continued

1) 3 2 3 2) 18  24

Sometimes we need to simplify more that one radical in order to be able to add or subtract them.

We need to simplify
Example 1: 18  32 both terms to see if we
have the same
9 2 + 16 2 radicands!!!

3 2 + 4 2 We have the same radicands so we can perform addition!

Example 2: 48  27 Example 3: 2 80  45

Let’s do some example that might not have the same radicands in the end.

Example 4: 32  54 Example 5: 72  3 20

14
More Examples:

1. 12  108 2.  24  96 3. 2 8  27

Practice:
Simplify the following expressions.

1. 9 50 2. 28  63 3. 4 14  6 14

1
4. 7  175 5. 40 6. 80  20
2

7. 27  32 8. 4 22

15
Name______________________________ Date_____________
HW #5

1. 18  50 2.  80  45 3.  8  32

4. 11 45 5. 50  98 6. 9 7 6 7

1
7. 5  125 8. 32 9. 24  54
4

10. 32  75 11.  8 13

12. Find the perimeter of a rectangle whose length is 3 10 and width is 4 2 .

[Draw a picture!]

16
 Multiplying Radicals

9  9=________ 6  6=_______ 10  10=_________

9  9 =________=_____ 6 6 =________=____ 10  10 =________=____

Notice how when we multiply the same square root by itself, the answer becomes the radicand
(WITHOUT THE RADICAL SIGN)!

How about this…

 7 2
= 7 7 = _________=_____

 5 2
= ____  _____= _________=_____

The square root symbol and the exponent 2 ____________ each other out and leave the
______________________ as our __________________.

*When we add or subtract radicals they must have the same radicand. This is NOT necessarily true for
multiplying (and dividing)!

Example 1: 12  3 = ______________=________

Example 2: 2  32 = _____________ =________

Example 3: 25  4 = ______________=________

Example 4: 18  8 = _____________ =________

17
*Sometimes when we multiply we do not get a perfect square. In that case, we must simplify our
answer!

Example 1: 6 2 = __________ Example 2: 12  6 =__________

Example 3: 15  3 = _________ Example 4: 2  22 =__________

*One more thing we must deal with when multiplying radicals is coefficients!

Step 1: We must multiply the 2 5 3 8 Coefficient: The number

in FRONT of the radical.
coefficients (outsides)
23 58
Step 2: We must multiply the 6 40
radicals (insides)
6 40 Now let’s simplify
Step 3: Simplify if necessary!

Practice:
1. 5 6  4 8 2.  4 3  7 15 3. 2 5  4 10

Name_________________________________ Date_________________
HW #6

Multiply the radicals. Make sure to reduce all answers into simplest form!

1. 4 4 2.  3  2
3. 10  8

18
4. 3 2  9 20 5.  12  6 5 6.  16  2

7. 18  2 8. 2 16  3 4 9. 26  26

Review: Perform the given operation

1. 3 75  2 27 2. 6 18  4 32 3.  12  4 8

19
 2
1) 4 6 9 3  2) 9 6  3
15



Dividing Radicals
*When dividing radicals, we follow the same procedure as multiplying radicals. Now we divide the
coefficients (outsides) and divide the radicals (insides).

*Sometimes when dividing radicals you get a whole number, which makes simplifying easy!

Example 1:
Here, we can just DIVIDE 72 by 8 and make
72 a new radical with that answer. Then,
= 9 = 3 simplify the radical if possible.
8

Example 2: Example 3:

50 3 Remember that anything

= = divided by itself is 1
2 3
(they cancel each other out).

Example 4: Example 5:

48 96
= =
2 3

*When there are numbers in front of the radicals (coefficients) you must divide those too! Be sure to
leave coefficients in fraction form.

Example 6: Example 7:
6 10 3 54
= =
3 2 6 3

*What if we take the radical of a fraction?

20
 Example 1: First, take the square Example 2:
root of the
4 4 2 numerator; then, 16
= = take the square root =
9 9 3 25
of the denominator,
SEPARATELY!!!

Practice: Divide; then simplify the quotient.

9 9 6 20
1) 2) 3)
49 3 6 5

40 25 24 12 60
4) 5) 6)
5 5 2 6 5

3 120
7)
9 5

21
Name_______________________________ Date__________________
HW #7

Divide; then simplify the quotient.

36 8 2 150
1) 2) 3)
9 2 2 3

300 2 33 8 48
4) 5) 6)
5 11 2 3

25 35 108 9
7) 8) 9)
36 7 4 64

Review
Write an algebraic expression or equation.
1) Five times the sum of 3 and a number.

2) The sum of 7 and a number exceeds a 3 times a number by 5.

22
 Pythagorean Theorem

In any RIGHT triangle, Hypotenuse

the sum of the squares
of the lengths of the two c
legs is equal to the a
square of the length of a2 + b2 = c2
the hypotenuse.

b
Legs
Example 1: Find the length of the hypotenuse.

x
4

3
Example 2: Find the length of the hypotenuse.

Example 3: Find the missing side of the triangle.

13
5

Example 4:
x Find the missing side in simplest radical form.

14cm 23
10cm
Example 5: Find the unknown leg in the right triangle, in simplest radical form.

13
3

Practice: Find the length of the missing side. Keep answer in simplest radical form.
1. x 2. 3. 7
20in
15in
8
15ft
25ft x x

24
Name_______________________________ Date__________________
HW #8

1. Find the length of the hypotenuse of this right triangle. Round to the nearest
tenth.

x
5

2. Find the length of the hypotenuse of this right triangle.

15m
8m

3. Solve for the unknown side in this right triangle.

5 x

13

4. Solve for the unknown side in this right triangle. Put your answer in simplest radical form.

6in
12in

5. Solve for the unknown side in this right triangle. Round to the nearest
thousandth.

10
x

14 25
6. Solve for the unknown side in this right triangle. Put your answer in simplest radical
form.

9
x

Review:

1. Solve for x: 18x – (4x – 10) = 24

2. Check your answer for Review #1.

3. After a 5-inch-by-7-inch photograph is enlarged, its shorter side measures 20

inches. Find the length in inches of its longer side. [Draw Pictures!!!]

26
 Pythagorean Theorem Word Problems

Solve for x.

1. 2.
x
x 10ft
8cm

20ft
6cm

Word Problems with the Pythagorean Theorem:

Steps:
 Read the problem.
 Identify key elements.
 Draw a picture.
 Solve for the missing side.
 Label your answer!

1. A ramp was constructed to load a truck.  If the ramp is 9 feet long and the horizontal distance from
the bottom of the ramp to the truck is 7 feet, what is the vertical height of the ramp?

27
2. There is a 13-foot ladder leaning against the side of a building. The ladder reaches up the building
12 feet. How far is the bottom of the ladder from the bottom of the building?

3. Find the diagonal of a square whose sides are 5cm long.

4. Ms. Green tells you that a right triangle has a hypotenuse of 13 and a leg of 5.  She asks you to find
the other leg of the triangle.  What is your answer?

5. A suitcase measures 24 inches long and 18 inches high.  What is the diagonal length of the suitcase
to the nearest tenth of a foot? [Note: Once you find your answers in inches, you must convert it to
feet!]

28
Name: _______________________________ Date: _______________
HW #9

1. A wall is supported by a brace 10 feet long, as shown in the diagram below. If one end of the brace
is placed 6 feet from the base of the wall, how many feet up the wall does the brace reach?

10ft

6ft

2. The two legs of a right triangle are 9 and 7. Find the hypotenuse of the triangle. Draw a picture!
Leave your answer in radical form.

3. How many feet from the base of a house must a 39-foot ladder be placed so that the top of the
ladder will reach a point on the house 36 feet from the ground? Draw a picture!

Review
Find the perimeter of the triangle below. Show all work for final answer!
*Hint: Need to find the missing side first.

50cm
30cm

29