Scribd
Upload
103 views

Structural Design Pattern

1. The document discusses structural design patterns that deal with how classes and objects are composed to form larger structures. 2. It describes the adapter pattern, which allows classes with incompatible interfaces to work together by wrapping its own interface around that of an already existing class. 3. The bridge pattern is explained as decoupling an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently. This allows the implementation details to be changed easily.

Uploaded by

Satish Jadhao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
103 views

Structural Design Pattern

1. The document discusses structural design patterns that deal with how classes and objects are composed to form larger structures. 2. It describes the adapter pattern, which allows classes with incompatible interfaces to work together by wrapping its own interface around that of an already existing class. 3. The bridge pattern is explained as decoupling an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently. This allows the implementation details to be changed easily.

Uploaded by

Satish Jadhao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

CS6502

OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS


AND DESIGN

OOAD is a software engineering approach

that models and designs a system

as a group of interacting objects.


UNIT II DESIGN PATTERNS

GRASP: Designing objects with responsibilities –


Creator – Information expert – Low Coupling – High
Cohesion – Controller - Design Patterns –
creational - factory method - structural – Bridge –
Adapter - behavioral – Strategy – observer
Types of Design Pattern
Structural Design Pattern

Design patterns that deal with


how classes and objects are composed
to form larger structures.
Structural Design Pattern

• Structural class patterns concern class and object composition.

• Structural class patterns


– Use inheritance to compose interfaces or implementations.

– Define ways to compose objects to obtain new functionality.

• A simple example:
Consider how multiple inheritance mixes two or more classes into one.
– The result is a class that combines the properties of its parent classes.

• This pattern is particularly useful for


– Making independently developed class libraries work together.
Types of Structural Design Patterns

• Adapter allows classes with incompatible interfaces to work together by


wrapping its own interface around that of an already existing class.

• Bridge decouples an abstraction from its implementation so that the two


can vary independently.

• Composite composes zero-or-more similar objects so that they can be


manipulated as one object.

• Decorator dynamically adds/overrides behaviour in an existing method of


an object.
Types of Structural Design Patterns

• Facade provides a simplified interface to a large body of code.

• Flyweight reduces the cost of creating and manipulating a large number


of similar objects.

• Proxy provides a placeholder for another object to control access, reduce


cost, and reduce complexity.
Adaptor

• Adapter pattern works as a bridge between two incompatible interfaces.

• This type of design pattern comes under structural pattern


– As this pattern combines the capability of two independent interfaces.

• This pattern involves


– A single class which is responsible to join functionalities of independent or
incompatible interfaces.

• In real world we have adapters for power supplies, adapters for camera
memory cards, and so on
Adaptor

• Allows the interface of an existing class to be used as another interface.

• It is often used
– To make existing classes work with others without modifying their source code.

• Intent
– Convert the interface of a class into another interface clients expect.

– Adapter lets classes work together, that could not otherwise because of
incompatible interfaces.
Adaptor
• Implementation

The classes/objects participating in adapter pattern:


Target - defines the domain-specific interface that Client uses.
Adapter - adapts the interface Adaptee to the Target interface.
Adaptee - defines an existing interface that needs adapting.
Client - collaborates with objects conforming to the Target interface.
Adaptor
• An audio player device can play mp3 files only
– Wants to use an advanced audio player capable of playing vlc and mp4 files.
Adapter class MediaAdapter
implements the MediaPlayer interface & Client
uses AdvancedMediaPlayer objects
to play the required format.

Adaptee

Target
Adapter
Bridge

• Also known as Handle/Body

• Intent
– Decouple an abstraction from its implementation

So that the two can vary Independently

• Bridge pattern
– Separates the abstract elements of a class from its technical implementation.

• This allows the implementation details to be changed easily.


Bridge

• The class itself can be thought of as the abstraction


– And what the class can do as the implementation.

• Bridge pattern decouples implementation class and abstract class


– By providing a bridge structure b/w them.

• Bridge uses encapsulation, aggregation, and can use inheritance


– To separate responsibilities into different classes

• Bridge pattern is useful when both the class and what it does vary often.
Bridge
• Implementation

• Abstraction (abstract class) – defines the abstract interface

– Maintains the Implementor reference.

• RefinedAbstraction (normal class) – extends the interface defined by Abstraction


• Implementor (interface) – defines the interface for implementation classes
• ConcreteImplementor (normal class) - implements the Implementor interface
Bridge - Example

Before Bridge Design Pattern


After Bridge Design Pattern
Bridge
• A circle can be drawn in different colors using same abstract class method
– But different bridge implementer classes.

Implementor
Abstraction

Client

Refined Abstration concrete classes

You might also like