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L1 Discussion - Introduction To First Order Differential Equations

This document discusses the classification of differential equations based on type, order, degree, and linearity. It defines differential equations as equations containing derivatives and describes ordinary and partial differential equations. Order refers to the highest derivative, degree to the exponent of the highest derivative after rationalization, and linearity means the equation can be written in a specific linear form where the power of each term involving the dependent variable is 1.

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Carlo Edolmo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
379 views

L1 Discussion - Introduction To First Order Differential Equations

This document discusses the classification of differential equations based on type, order, degree, and linearity. It defines differential equations as equations containing derivatives and describes ordinary and partial differential equations. Order refers to the highest derivative, degree to the exponent of the highest derivative after rationalization, and linearity means the equation can be written in a specific linear form where the power of each term involving the dependent variable is 1.

Uploaded by

Carlo Edolmo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Classification of

Differential Equations
Objectives:

1. To classify the type, order, degree, and


linearity of a given differential
equation.
Differential Equations
Definition:

Equations containing the derivatives of


one or more unknown functions (or
dependent variables) with respect to one
or more independent variables are called
differential equations.
Classification of
Differential Equations
Classification:

1. Type
2.Order
3. Degree
4.Linearity
Type:

o Ordinary Differential Equations


(ODE)
DE’s containing only ordinary
derivatives of one or more unknown
functions with respect to a single
independent variable.
o Partial Differential Equations (PDE)
DE’s involving partial derivative of
one or more unknown functions of
two or more independent variables.

Examples:
!"
ODE: + 5𝑦 = 𝑒 #
!#
!*" !"
!# * − !#
+ 6𝑦 = 0

.* " .* /
PDE: + = 0
.# * ." *
Order:

o The order of differential equation is


the order of the highest derivative in
the equation.

Examples:
!"
First Order: + 5𝑦 = 𝑒 #
!#
!*" !"
Second Order:
!# * − !#
+ 6𝑦 = 0
!*" !" 2
Second Order: !# * +50 1 − 4𝑦 = 𝑒 #
!#
Degree:

o The degree of the differential equation


is the same as the exponent of the
highest ordered derivative in the given
equation after the equation has be
rationalized or cleared of fractions
with respect to the derivatives.

Examples:
!"
First Degree: + 5𝑦 = 𝑒 #
!#
!*" !" 2
First Degree: !# *
+ 5 0 1 − 4𝑦 = 𝑒 #
!#
4
!*" !" 5
Third Degree: = 0 1
!# * !#
Linearity:

o An ODE of order n is called linear if it


may be written in the form.
𝒅𝒏 𝒚 𝒅𝒏?𝟏 𝒚 𝒅𝒚
𝒂𝒏 (𝒙) 𝒅𝒙𝒏 + 𝒂𝒏=𝟏 𝒅𝒙𝒏?𝟏 + ⋯ + 𝒂𝟏 (𝒙) 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒂𝟎 (𝒙)𝒚 = 𝒈(𝒙)

Properties of Linear ODEs:

1. Dependent variable (y) and all its


derivatives (𝒚C , 𝒚CC … , 𝒚𝒏 ) are of the
first degree. The power of each term
involving y is 1.
2.No transcendental function of the
dependent variable (y) is present in
any term of the differential equation.
3. No product of the dependent variable
(y) and/or any of its derivatives
exist.

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