Ques.1. What is Selenium?

SELENIUM FAQ’S • Ans. Selenium is a robust test automation suite that is used for automating
web based applications. It supports multiple browsers, programming
languages and platforms.

Part-1
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Ques.2. What are different forms of Ques.3. What are some advantages of
selenium? selenium?
• Ans. Selenium comes in four forms- • Selenium is open source and free to use without any licensing cost.
• Selenium WebDriver - Selenium WebDriver is used to automate web applications using • It supports multiple languages like Java, ruby, python etc.
browser's native methods.
• It supports multi browser testing.
• Selenium IDE - A Firefox plugin that works on record and play back principle.
• Selenium RC - Selenium Remote Control(RC) is officially deprecated by selenium and • It has good amount of resources and helping community over the internet.
it used to work on javascript to automate the web applications. • Using selenium IDE component, non-programmers can also write automation
• Selenium Grid - Allows selenium tests to run in parallel across multiple machines. scripts
• Using selenium grid component, distributed testing can be carried out on remote
machines possible.

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 Ques.4. What are some limitations of Ques.5. Which all browsers/drivers are
selenium? supported by Selenium Webdriver?
• We cannot test desktop application using selenium. • Ans. Some commonly used browsers supported by selenium are-
• We cannot test web services using selenium. • Google Chrome - ChromeDriver
• For creating robust scripts in selenium webdriver, programming langauge • Firefox - FireFoxDriver
knowledge is required.
• Internet Explorer - InternetExplorerDriver
• We have to rely on external libraries and tools for performing tasks like - • Safari - SafariDriver
logging(log4J), testing framework-(testNG, JUnit), reading from external files(POI
for excels) etc. • HtmlUnit (Headless browser) - HtmlUnitDriver
• Android - Selendroid/Appium
• IOS - ios-driver/Appium

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Ques.6. Can we test APIs or web services Ques.7. What are the testing type
using Selenium webdriver? supported by Selenium WebDriver?
• Ans. No selenium webdriver uses browser's native method to automate the • Ans. Selenium webdriver can be used for performing automated functional
web applications. Since web services are headless, so we cannot automate and regression testing.
web services using selenium webdriver.

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 Ques.8. What are various ways of locating
Ques.9. What is an XPath?
an element in selenium?
• Ans. The different locators in selenium are-
• Ans. Xpath or XML path is a query language for selecting nodes from XML
• Id
documents. XPath is one of the locators supported by selenium webdriver.
• XPath
• cssSelector
• className
• tagName
• name
• linkText
• partialLinkText

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Ques.10. What is an absolute XPath? Ques.11. What is a relative XPath?

• Ans. An absolute XPath is a way of locating an element using an XML • Ans. A relative XPath is a way of locating an element using an XML
expression beginning from root node i.e. html node in case of web pages. expression beginning from anywhere in the HTML document. There are
The main disadvantage of absolute xpath is that even with slightest change different ways of creating relative XPaths which are used for creating robust
in the UI or any element the whole absolute XPath fails. XPaths (unaffected by changes in other UI elements).

• Example - html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/input • Example - //input[@id='username']

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 Ques.12. What is the difference between
Ques.13. Which XPath you will prefer to
single slash(/) and double slash(//) in
use? Why?
XPath?
• Ans. In XPath a single slash is used for creating XPaths with absolute paths • Normally we prefer to use Relative XPath.
beginning from root node. • Ralative Xpath can identify element evethou some UI changes happed, but
• Whereas double slash is used for creating relative XPaths. can’t identify by Absolute Xpath.

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Ques.15. How can we inspect the web

Ques.14. What is the difference between
element attributes in order to use them in
Absolute XPath and Relative XPath?
different locators?
• Absolute Xpath will traverse entire HTML from the root node /html. • Ans. Using Chropath or developer tools we can inspect the specific web
• Relative Xpath directly jump to node based on attribute specified. elements.
Chropath is a plugin that provides xpaths and CSS Selectors. From
automation perspective, “Right click on page inspect element” is used specifically
for inspecting web-elements in order to use their attributes like id, class,
name etc. in different locators.

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 Ques.16. How can we locate an element by
Ques.17. How can we locate elements using
only partially matching its attributes value
their text in XPath?
in Xpath?
• Ans. Using contains() method we can locate an element by partially matching • Ans. Using the text() method
its attribute's value. This is particularly helpful in the scenarios where the
attributes have dynamic values with certain constant part.
xPathExpression = //*[text()='username']

xPath expression = //*[contains(@name,'user')]

• The above statement will match the all the values of name attribute
containing the word 'user' in them.

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Ques.18. How can we move to nth child Ques.19. What is the syntax of finding
element using XPath? elements by class using CSS Selector?
• Ans. There are two ways of navigating to the nth element using XPath- • Ans. By .className we can select all the element belonging to a particluar
• Using square brackets with index position- class e.g. '.inputtext ' will select all elements having class ' inputtext '.
Example - div[2] will find the second div element.
• Using position()-
Example - div[position()=3] will find the third div element.

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 Ques.20. What is the syntax of finding Ques.21. How can we select elements by
elements by id using CSS Selector? their attribute value using CSS Selector?
• Ans. By #idValue we can select all the elements belonging to a particluar id • Ans. Using [attribute=value] we can select all the element belonging to a
e.g. ‘#u_0_n' will select the element having id - u_0_n. particluar attribute e.g. '[type=radio]' will select the element having attribute
type of value ‘radio'.

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Ques.22. What is fundamental difference Ques.23. How can we launch different

between XPath and css selector? browsers in selenium webdriver?
• Ans. The fundamental difference between XPath and css selector is using • Ans. By creating an instance of driver of a particular browser-
XPaths we can traverse up in the document i.e. we can move to parent
elements. Whereas using CSS selector we can only move downwards in the
document. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

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 Ques.24. What is the use of driver.get("URL")
Ques.25. How can we type text in a textbox
and driver.navigate().to("URL") command? Is
there any difference between the two?
element using selenium?
• Ans. Both driver.get("URL") and driver.navigate().to("URL") commands are used
to navigate to a URL passed as parameter.
There is no difference between the two commands. WebElement searchTextBox = driver.findElement(By.id("search"));
searchTextBox.sendKeys("searchTerm");

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