Assignment Cover Sheet

Qualification Module Number and Title

HD in Computing & Software Engineering Computer Architecture - CSE4001
“Operating Principles of the Computer
Architecture”
Student Name & No. Assessor

Mr. Dhanusha Somawardhana

Hand out date Submission Date

21/07/2020 15/08/2020
Assessment type Duration/Length of Weighting of Assessment
Assessment Type
WRIT1-Coursework 3 weeks (2250 Words) 75%

Learner declaration

I, ………………………………………….<name of the student and registration number>,

certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully
acknowledged.

Marks Awarded
First assessor

IV marks

Agreed grade

Signature of the assessor Date

 FEEDBACK FORM

INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE OF BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY

Module: Computer Architecture - CSE4001
Student:
Assessor:
Assignment: Operating Principles of the Computer Architecture

Strong features of your work:

Areas for improvement:

Marks Awarded:
Acknowledgement
I wish to express my deepest appreciation to all those who have provided me with the
opportunity to complete this report. I am especially grateful to our mentor, ..... whose
commitment to stimulating feedback and encouragement has helped me plan my project.

I have also learnt a lot about this project. A continuation of the next stage research is very
beneficial to me. And I want to thank all of my love, who have helped me through the whole
process.
Introduction
Skynet is a company which facilitates other companies to have their online conferences.
Companies around the province may reserve one of Skynet conference halls according to their
requirements. Skynet facilitates to have a successful conference with modern technology, it
provides computers and software which support for meetings/conferences and computers in a
particular hall are networked. All this networks in conference halls are separated from each other
and connected into Skynet main network. It consists of a lobby area for the visitors to wait.
Lobby area consists of free Wi-Fi facility for the visitors and 5 networked PCs for the visitors to
use.

The staff in the Skynet has their own pcs to use for their tasks. The staff consists of Manger,
Receptionist, Accountant and 3 IT Administrators. IT Administrators are managing servers and
IT equipment to ensure the continuous service. There are three main conference halls in Skynet
in each hall it facilitates fifty people to sit and have their conferences. Also there are three
meeting rooms in each can sit 10 to 15 people.
Task 1

Peripheral Components
A peripheral computer is any external device which provides computer input and output. For
example, input peripherals are a keyboard and mouse, while output peripherals are a monitor and
a printer. Computer peripherals, or peripheral devices, are often referred to as "I / O devices,"
because they provide computer input and output. Many peripherals, such as external hard disk
drives, provide the computer with both input and output.
Input Device
Input devices are used to enter data from the outside world into primary storage. These input
devices suitable for Skynet company computer stations.
Mouse
Used to quickly point to and select a graphic icon or menu element from various choices that
appear on a screen's graphical user interface. We have to select mice with long duilability. I
would prefer wired mice compared to wireless ones. And no need to charge batteries or change
them.
Recommendation: Logitech M100 910-001601.
Reason to recommend: The M100 mouse from Logitech offers comfort with an ambidextrous
hand grip and optical processing accuracy. It provides precise cursor control, and the smooth
scroll wheel lets us navigate effortlessly through a long webpage or document.
Keyboard
Enable the entry of data into a computer system by pressing a series of keys that are neatly
mounted on a keyboard connected to a computer.
Recommendation: Logitech MK120 920-002565 Premium Black USB Wired Keyboard.
Reason to recommend: Comfortable, quiet design / sturdy typing / spill-resistant, flexible tilt
legs.

Scanner
A scanner is an input device that scans images and documents that can be imported into a
computer. They are available in flatbed or sheet-fed models, and are normally connected via a
USB port with high speed.
Recommended: Brother ADS-2200 High-Speed Wireless Duplex Desktop Data Scanner
Reason for recommendation: ADS-2200 provides the ability to scan and retrieve files without
installing any special software on the connected PC. Supports systems running Windows, Mac
and Linux.
Webcam
The word webcam is a combination of "internet" and "video camera." Not surprisingly, the
function of a webcam is to broadcast video over the Internet. Usually, webcams are small
cameras which either connect to a user's monitor or sit on a desk. Most webcams connect via
USB to the device, but some are using a Firmware connection.
Recommended: C310 USB 2.0 HD Logitech Web Cam
Reason to recommend: HD Video Calling / Built-in mic suits LCD monitors with Logitech
Right Sound technology and universal film.
Output Device
Output devices provide users with the processing results from primary data.
Pad
The monitor displays the user interface of the computer and open programs, which allows the
user to interact with the computer , typically using the keyboard and mouse.
Recommended: 23.8 "widescreen LCD display with Acer KN242HYL.
Recommended reason: full HD 1080p video display view, impressive contrast ratio, expansive
views.
Printer
A printer is a computer-printed output tool that prints documents. Popular printers include Laser
printers and inkjet printers. Colour prints can be produced by most inkjet printers, whereas laser
printers are available in both monochrome and colour.
Recommended: Samsung Xpress Wireless SL-M2020W / USB Mono Laser Printer.
Reason to recommend: print Near Field Communication (NFC) / Fast Performance: 21 pages
per minute / Samsung Mobile Print/ One-Touch Wireless Setup built-in.
Speakers
Output devices used with computer systems are common speakers. We receive audio input from
the sound card of the device, and produce sound output in the form of sound waves.
Recommended: speaker system logitech S120 2.0.
Reason to recommend: Stereo sound of acoustic quality, compatible with all audio sources like
computers.
Projector
A projector is an output device that projects an image, such as a white screen or wall, onto a
large surface. When displaying video or photographs to a wide number of people, it can be used
as an alternative to a computer or television.
Recommended: View the Acoustic PX700HD Projector Full HD 1080p 3,500 Lumens.
Recommended reason: Low input latency, Long lamp life, Versatile connectivity.

Microphone
This is a tool for translating sound into signals which the computer can store, control, and play
back. A voice recognition module is a tool that transforms inti knowledge spoken words that the
machine is able to understand and process.
Recommend: ACM-1B Lapel Microphone with Cyber Acoustics.
Recommended reason: Lapel pin, Display belt, 7 "shielded cord.
Computer Hardware
Computer hardware refers to a computer's physical components, and associated devices. Internal
hardware devices include hard drives, motherboards, and RAM.
PSU
PSU is an abbreviation for power or power supply units. A power supply is a computer's
hardware component, which supplies power to all components in a computer.
Recommended: 100-BR-0500-K1 500W ATX12V EVGA 500 BR
Reason to recommend: Long sleeve bearing fan, DC to DC Converter, High Hardware
protection. Gives Skynet Company CPUs enough power.
Motherboard
The motherboard is our computer 's central circuit board, which is also known as the logic board
or mainboard. The biggest piece of silicon we see when we ever open our computer is the
motherboard. We'll consider the CPU, ROM, flash RAM expansion slots, PCI slots, and USB
ports connected to the motherboard. Essentially, the motherboard is what makes all of this fit
together in our machine.
Tip: Gigabyte GA-H110M-A
Recommended Reason: Supports Intel Core Processors 7th/6th Generation, Realtek GbE LAN
with cFos Speed Internet Accelerator Technology.

HDD
A hard disk drive is a non-volatile memory hardware device that permanently stores and
retrieves data on a computer. Internal hard disks reside in a drive bay, connect to the
motherboard using an SATA cable, and are powered by a connection to the PSU.
Recommend: 1TB Hard Drive
Reason to recommend: Give enough space to store data.

VGA Card
Stands for "Video Graphics Array." It is the standard monitor or display interface used in most
PCs. Therefore, if a monitor is VGA-compatible, it should work with most new computers. A
standard VGA connection has 15 pins and is shaped like a trapezoid.
Recommend: Intel or AMD VGA
Reason to recommend: Give enough video graphics memory to run graphical applications.
RAM Card
Alternatively referred to as main system memory, RAM is a hardware device that allows
information to be stored and retrieved on a computer. Every time we open a program and a file it
goes into ram. If the computer is turned off, all data contained in RAM is lost.
Recommend: 4GB RAM fit to Gigabyte GA-H110M-A
Reason to recommend: 4GB of RAM enough for process all the software which are Skynet
Company need.
Processor
This little chip is the heart of a computer. Also referred to as the "microprocessor," the processor
does all the computations such as adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing.
Recommend: Intel Core i5-6xxx or equivalent
Reason to recommend: This processor will provide enough processing speed to Skynet
company computers and control input/output operations.
Optical Drive
Optical drive is a hardware allow to read data from CD or DVD disc. We can use internal and
external optical drives
Recommend: Normal optical drive.
Reason to recommend: can access data on DVDs and CDs.

Computer Software
Software is a set of computer instructions or data. Software receives input from the user and
processes this input though the computer to produce output. Software directs how the computer
interacts with the user. Software specifies how to process the user’s data.

System Software
Allow a computer device run more reliably and effectively. Help the hardware components
function together and provide support for application software development and execution.
Examples: Microsoft Windows / Linux / Macintosh Distributions
Suitable for Skynet Company machines under Windows 10 or 7.

Applications Software
Solve a specific problem or do a specific task. Such as word processing, inventory management,
etc.
Examples: Microsoft Office, Chrome Browser, Adobe Flash player, Skype, Dropbox, VLC etc.
These examples are suitable for Skynet Company (few examples only).
Task 2
System Design
At Skynet company there has lot of meeting rooms, if we take a room; there we have to make
design for more than 15 people.

What we need to make a system design

15 computers and one of special computer.

 Network card

 Hub or card

 Speakers

 And cables.

 Router

We are going to make a design for meeting room so we can use a hub. Because Hub is
publish machine, at meeting room we have share our ideas, files, photos etc... But not going
to share anything to one person so we can use hub. We should connect the network cards to
all computers and each computer are connecting with hub also. We will need internet
connection so we can use a router. In this case we cannot draw a design for 15 computers so
we will take four computers instant of 15 computers.
Computer Network Diagram (For Skynet Company)

Firewall
A firewall is a device designed to block unauthorized access from or through a private network.
A firewall may be implemented in either hardware or software from, or a combination of both.
Firewalls block unauthorized internet users from accessing Internet-connected private networks,
in particular intranets.

Modem

A modem is a device or program which allows a computer , for example, to transmit dataover a
telephone or cable line. Computer information is stored digitally, while information is
transmitted from analog waves through telephone lines.
Switch

A network switch is a computer networking device that connects while the exact meaning of
the term layer-4 switch is vender dependent, it almost always starts with.

Server

In computing, a server is a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other
programs or devices, called “clients” this architecture is called the client-server model, and a
single overall computation is distributed across multiple processes or device.

Types of computer systems

Supercomputer
A large, very fast computer that is particularly used for scientific computing. A
supercomputer is a computer that performs at or near the currently highest computer
operating rate. There are a few well-publicized supercomputers running at incredibly high
speeds compared to all other machines. The biggest, most powerful supercomputers are
actually multiple computers that operate parallel to each other. Supercomputers are very
costly and used for specialized applications involving vast amounts of mathematical
calculations.
Mainframe Computer
Very large and costly machine which can accommodate hundreds or even thousands of users
at the same time. Mainframes are apparently more efficient than supercomputers, as they run
more programs at the same time. But supercomputers are able to run a single program quicker
than a mainframe. The distinction between small mainframes and minicomputer machines is
unclear, often depending on how the manufacturer chooses to market

Mini Computer
A small computer that is intermediate in size, speed, and power between a microcomputer
and a mainframe, that can support time-sharing, and is mostly dedicated to a single task. As
computer processors became smaller and more powerful, microcomputers began to rival the
computing power of minicomputers. Minicomputers therefore started to become less
important in the 1980s, and finally became obsolete. Rack-based servers are performing
similar tasks to minicomputers today.

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Micro computer
Heterm microcomputer is commonly synonymous with a personal computer ( PC) or a
microprocessor-dependent computer. A microcomputer is a machine with a microprocessor-
dependent central processing unit ( CPU). A microcomputer is a smaller-scale complete
computer, and is usually synonymous with the more popular term, personal computer or PC,
a computer built for an individual. A microcomputer is fitted with a microprocessor (a central
processing unit on a microchip), memory in the form of read-only memory and random
access memory, I/O ports and a bus or interconnecting cable network, typically housed in a
motherboard.

Difference between DDR2 vs DDR3 RAM

The data rate that the ram will store and serve back to the system bus is essentially. The most
common speeds were 667, 800 and 1066 mhz with DDR2 and 1333, 1600 and 1866 mhz with
DDR3 standard RAM speeds. In the same device, the two are also not compatible because
they have different pin counts, and the alignment notches vary. When memory technology
advanced, CPU and motherboard technology have had to evolve as both have to be optimized
to run at compatible frequencies.

The RAM found in most modern desktop and laptop computers is DDR3 RAM (DDR3 is
short for Double Data Rate Type 3). To be more precise, its full technical name is DDR3
SDRAM.

Hardware Requirements for Web and Database Servers

There is no official minimum for the hardware specifications required to host the Skynet
company. The hardware requirements can change under the influence of different factors
which should be taken into consideration. The following questions should be answered to
make the best estimation of the hardware specifications for the web and database server in
which Skynet company will be hosted:

 High-traffic or low-traffic for online conferences

 Number of visitors per day/month

 Maximum number of simultaneous visitors

 Maximum number of order lines in the shopping basket

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  Number of simultaneous orders

 Size and complexity of the products catalog (number of products, product categories,
attributes)

 Number of articles for online conferences Number of search queries

 Size of the database

Those are only the issues that should be addressed first of all in order to make a more reliable
assessment of the hardware specifications required to organize and handle online conferences
for Skynet. Nevertheless, the software which is specified in the software specifications and
should be installed on the server should also be taken into account. It contributes to the
additional hardware specifications which should also be considered. The higher criteria for
online Skynet events, the higher specifications for network hardware and database servers
are. First you should think about the environment with the following requirements for the
online solution for the Skynet service.

Item Web server Web server Combined Web & Combined Web
(minimal) (recommended) Database Server & Database
(minimal) Server
(recommended)
Processor 1,6 GHz CPU 2 x 1,6 GHz CPU 2 x 1,6 GHz CPU 4 x 1,6 GHz CPU
RAM 1,75 GB RAM 3,5 GB RAM 3,5 GB RAM 7 GB RAM
HDD 1x 40 GB of free space or more is recommended for the webshop data (non-
system drive is preferred)
1x 40 GB of free space or more is recommended for the software that is
listed in the software requirements (system drive)
Recommended
Microsoft
Azure Virtual Basic Small VM Basic Medium VM Basic Medium VM Basic Large VM
Machine
Configuration

The graphics card I suggest will be the ASUSAMD Radon HD 6670 PCI-E Graphics Card (2
GB) for your new computer device. I suggest this graphics card as it offers graphics of the
highest quality and the 2 GB capacity for the DDR3 memory should help to ensure the best
performance on your screen.

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There is also 'super alloy strength technology' in the coin. Super alloy power technology
extends graphics card life and enhances overall performance.

I will also suggest the INTEL Core i5-3450 Cpu to you because it has brilliant controlling
capacity, with really decent graphics and graphics card support. This is expected to be 22
times faster than any machine 3 years ago. This processor also allows to convert videos from
a smartphone without delay, so waiting for streaming is not an problem. This processor also
comes with a clock speed highly thought out, along with SpeedStep technology, a 6 MB
shared cache and 32 GB memory.
 
The 8 GB INTEGRAL PC3-12800 DDR3 DIMM RAM Memory Module will be ideal for the
computer device because the 8 GB Integral RAM enhances the processor's computing power
while improving performance and having the loading time that much quicker ready to do the
job without spending time waiting for the machine to load. The display I suggest is the
SAMSUNG S22a100N 21.5 "Full HD LED-Backlit Panel for the computer device. The
monitor 's resolution is 1920 X 1080 pixels.

I prefer this model because of its compact architecture, which offers high-definition, standard
colors on the panel. This will make your graphic designs overall experience a lot better. In
addition to offering certain entertainment values, this will also allow you to assess the quality
of your work and insure it is of the highest standard for clients

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References
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Blanchard, B. S., and W. J. Fabrycky, 2010, Systems Engineering and Analysis (5th Ed.).
Available at:https://www.mitre.org/publications/systems-engineering-guide/se-lifecycle-
building-blocks/system-design-and-development. [Accessed 07 August 2020].

https://ww.conceptdraw.com. 2020. Physical Network Diagram | Quickly Create Professional

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August 2020].

Gookin, D., 2007. PCs for Dummies. 10th ed. 111 River Street, Hoboken: Wiley Publishing.

Newegg Business. 2020. Computer Peripherals for Business – Newegg Business. [ONLINE]
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