2018

OUTPUT
DEVICES
(INTRODUCTION TO IT)

SUBMITTED BY: ZUNAIRA TAUQEER BBA-1(HONS)

SUBMITTED TO: MA’AM ANUM RAMZAN
3/12/2018
 CONTENTS
Definition of Output Devices
Difference between Soft Copy and Hard
Copy
Types of Output Devices
Display Devices
Features of Display Devices
Types of Display Devices
Advantages of Flat Panel Display over CRT
Printers
Characteristics of Good Printer
Categories of Printer
Plotter
Types of Plotters
Data Projectors
Types of Data Projectors
Audio Output Devices
References

DEFINITION OF OUTPUT DEVICES

 An Output Device is any piece of computer
hardware equipment which converts the
electronically generated information into human-
readable form.
Output devices generate computer output that can be
broadly classified into two types:
Soft Copy- The output shown on display screen
is called softcopy. Softcopy output is not tangible.
It means it cannot be touched.

Hard Copy- The output printed on paper is called

hardcopy. The common devices to produce
hardcopy output are printers and plotters.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
SOFT COPY AND HARD COPY
The difference between soft copy and hard copy is as
follows:
Soft Copy Hard Copy
1. Soft copy is in 1. Hard copy is in printed
electronic form. form.
2. It is easier to modify. 2. It is difficult to modify.
3. It is intangible. 3. It is tangible.
4. It is stored on storage 4. It is printed on papers.
devices.
5. Its duplicate copies can 5. Its duplicate copies can
be produced without any be produced with cost.
cost.

(Example of softcopy) (Example of hardcopy)

TYPES OF OUTPUT DEVICES

Display
Devices

Plotter Printer
Types of
Output
Devices

Projector Speaker
 DISPLAY DEVICES

A Display Device or Display is an output device that

displays text, graphics and video. The output displayed
by a display device is called soft copy. The display for
a desktop typically is a monitor that is a separate
physical device. Some displays have touch screens.
Display devices are available in a wide variety of sizes.

Moniter

Smartphone

Digital Camera

Laptop

Tablet
 FEATURES OF DISPLAY DEVICES
Display devices can be distinguished on the basis of
the following features:
i. Size and Aspect Ratio:
Display screens are measured diagonally from corner to
corner. They are available in various sizes. Desktop
computers monitors range from 17 to 30 inches but the
large one available for special purpose. Laptop screens
are between 14 and 17 inches, and tablets screen are
between 7 and 10 inches.
ii. Color:
The display devices can be Monochrome or Color.
The color display screens display output in multiple
colors and also called RGB monitors. RGB stands for
Red, Green and Blue.
iii. Resolution:
Resolution is an important characteristic of any display
screen. The number of pixels displayed on screen is
called Screen Resolution. Pixels are the dots or picture
elements that form images on the screen.

iv. Refresh Rate:

 The refresh rate is the speed with which a monitor
redraws the image on screen. It is also known as
Vertical Scan Rate or Vertical Frequency. It is
measured in Hertz.
v. Dot Pitch:
He distance between each pixel on a display is called
Dot Pitch or Pixel Pitch. It is measured in millimeters.
The display devices typically have a dot pitch between
26 and 23. A lower dot pitch means less blank space
between pixels and results in sharper image.
vi. Video Display Adapters:
The Video Adapter is a circuit board that determines
the graphics capabilities of the computer such as:
 Screen resolution available
 The numbers of bits used to store color information
about each pixel called Bit depth
 The total number of colors that can be used to
display images
 Numbers of monitors that can be connected to the
computer via that video card

TYPES OF DISPLAY DEVICES

 Types of
Display
Devices

Cathode
Flat Panel
Ray Tube
Displays
Monitor

Liquid
Crystal Light Organic Light
Emitting Diode Gas Plasma
Display Emitting
(OLED) Display
Diode (LED)
(LCD)
Different types of display devices are as
follows:

1.CRT Monitors:
This monitor uses Cathode Ray Tube
(CRT). CRT tube creates an image on
the screen using a beam of electrons. CRT consists of
one or more guns that fire a beam of electrons inside
the screen. The screen is coated with very tiny
phosphor dots from inside. The beam of electrons
repeatedly falls on the surface of screen. Every beam-
fall takes only a fraction of a second. CRT in color
monitors consists of three guns. These three guns
generate red, green and blue (RGB) colors.
2.Flat Panel Displays:
Flat-panel displays use electronically charged
chemicals or gases between thin
panes of glass or other transparent
material to form images. Flat-panel
displays take less space and are
lightweight but are more expensive than CRTs. They
do not emit harmful radiations and use digital signals
to display sharper images. Flat-panel displays are
available in variety of sizes.
 Different technologies used in flat panel display are
as follows:
i.Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
A liquid crystal display (LCD) uses charged liquid
crystals between two sheets of material such as glass
or plastic to light up the
appropriate pixels to form the
image on the screen. LCDs
provide a sharper picture than
CRTs and emit less radiation. It
also requires less power and
takes up less space than CRT.
ii.Light Emitting Diode (LED)
A display that uses LED for the backlight is called an
LED display. It is also known as LED-LCD
display. It consumes less power and is thinner,
lighter and brighter than LCD. However, it can be
more expensive than LCD. The display screens of
laptops and mobile devices often use LED backlight
technology.

iii.Organic Light Emitting Diode

(OLED)
 Organic light emitting diode (OLED) is a types of
flat panel display that uses emissive organic material
to display brighter and sharper images. OLED
displays use layers of organic material that emits a
visible light when electric
current is applied. The portable
devices using OLED provide
longer battery life. OLEDs are
thinner and have a wider viewing
angle than LCDs. They are also
brighter and sharper than LCDs. OLED displays are
incorporated into many digital cameras, mobile
phone and portable digital media.
iv.Gas Plasma Display
Gas plasma display uses gas plasma technology.
This technology uses a layer of
gas between two glass plates.
The gas releases ultraviolet light
when voltage is applied. The
pixels on the screen glow due to
this ultraviolet light and form an image. Plasma
display is available in the sizes of up to 150 inches
wide.
Advantages of Flat Panel Display Over CRT
It takes less desk space.
It uses less energy than CRT monitors.
It uses liquid crystal technology.
Its weight is less than CRT.
It is used for notebook computers, PDAs, cellular
phones and personals computers.
It does not emit harmful radiation.

(Flat Panel Display)

(CRT)
 PRINTERS

A Printer is an output device that prints characters,

symbols and graphics on paper. Printers are used in
business to print the document on paper. The printed
output is called hard copy. Prints resolution is commonly
measured in dots per inch (dpi). Printers with high dpi
produce higher quality output.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD PRINTER
Speed
It is an important characteristic of printer. It is
measured in pages per minute (PPM). A faster printer
finishes the printing tasks quickly. The business users
normally use a printer of at least 50 PPM.
Clarity and Quality
The output of a printer should be clear. The quality of
output is an important characteristic. The output
depends on the resolution of the printer in the dots per
inch. A printer with higher DPI produces better output.
User Friendly
The printer must be user friendly. It means that it
should not be difficult to use and understand. The user
should be able to use it easily.
Reliability
The printer must be reliable. It should not breakdown
often. It should also print smoothly without jamming
the papers etc.
 CATEGORIES OF PRINTER

Daisy wheel

Impact
Dot Matrix
Printers

Line
Printers
Ink-jet

Non-impact
Thermal
Printer

Laser
 IMPACT PRINTERS
An impact printer works like a typewriter. It prints
characters of images by sticking a print hammer or set
of pins against an inked ribbon. The ink is pressed from
ribbon on the paper to produce the output. Impact
printers are the oldest print technologies which are still
produced.

TYPES OF IMPACT PRINTERS

1.Dot Matrix Printer:
A dot matrix printer is an impact printer. It produces
printed images when tiny pins on a print head strike
an inked ribbon. When the ribbon pressed again the
paper, it creates dot that form characters and graphics.
The print head on a dot matrix printer can contain
Nine to Twenty four pins.
2.Daisy Wheel Printer:
Daisy wheel printer is similar to
typewriter. It uses a print
wheel. The print wheel is called
Daisy Wheel.
A motor rotates the wheel. A
hammer strikes a petal against
the ribbon when the desired character reaches the
position on the paper. Daisy wheel printer is slower
than Dot matrix printer but better in quality.
3.Line Printer:
Line printer is a fast impact printer. It prints an entire
line at a time. Its speed is measured in lines per
minute (Lpm). Many line printers can print 3000
lines per minute. Two types of printers are Band
Printer and Chain
Printer.
 NON-IMPACT PRINTERS
A non-impact printer prints character and graphics on
paper without striking paper. Some printer use spray ink
while others use heat and pressure to create images. These
printers are faster than impact printer. However, they are
more costly than impact printers. They produce no noise
during printing. The print quality of non-impact printers is
better than impact printers. Different kinds of non-impact
printers are laser printer, inject printer and thermal printer.

TYPES OF NON-IMPACT PRINTERS

1.Laser Printer:
Laser stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated
Emission of Radiation. The laser printer is non-
impact printer. Its working is similar to photocopying
machine. It uses laser beams to burn special powder
on the page to create a permanent
image. The powder is contained in
the toner. Laser printer prints
complete page at a time. It is also
known as page printer. Laser
printer is mostly used in business
field.
2. Inkjet Printer:
An ink-jet printer is a type of
non-impact printer. It prints
characters and graphics by
spraying tiny drops of liquid in
on paper. These printers can
produce quality text and graphics in both black-and-
white and color including photos. A typical inkjet
printer provides resolution of 600 DPI or more. The
print quality of inkjet printers is higher than dot
matrix printer. Most inkjet printers usually have two
print cartridges. One cartridge contains black ink and
the other contains color.
3.Thermal printer:
Thermal printer is a printer that uses heat process to
transfer colored dyes or inks to the paper. Thermal
printer is the best color printers currently available but
it is also very expensive. It was originally used only
in scientific labs to record data.
Now this printer is widely used to
produce very high-quality color
artwork and text.
Difference between Impact and Non-Impact
Printer

Impact Printer/Dot Non-impact

Matrix Printer Printer/Laser Printer
1.It prints character or 1.It prints character and
images by striking print images without striking
hammer or wheel against the paper.
an inked ribbon.
2.Its speed is slower. 2. Its speed is faster.
3.Its printing quality is low. 3. Its printing quality is
high.
4.It normally uses 4. It normally uses
continuous paper sheet. individual paper sheet.
5.It generates noise during 5. It does not generate
printing. noise during printing.
6.It uses inked ribbon for 6. It uses toner and
printing. cartridge for printing.
7.It is less expensive. 7. It is more expensive.
8.Dot Matrix is an impact 8. Laser printer is a non-
printer. impact printer.
 PLOTTER
A plotter is an output device that is used to print high
quality graphics in a variety of colors. Plotters are
typically used to print large posters, graphs, maps and
engineering drawings etc. A plotter works by drawing
lines on paper using pens held in a mechanical arm.

TYPES OF PLOTTERS

Plotters

Flatbed Drum
Plotter Plotter
1.Flatbed Plotter:
Flatbed plotter is used to plot or draw images. It
contains pens for drawing images. The paper is placed
on table-
like surface.

Software instructs the pens to move down on the

paper. The pen then moves on the paper for creating
images. Most flatbed plotters have one or more pens
of different colors and widths.

2.Drum Plotter:
Drum plotter uses a rotating
drum or cylinder. The drawings
pens are mounted on the drum. The pen moves to the
left and right as the drum rotates. This movement
creates the desired image. The advantage of drum
plotter is that the length of the plot is almost
unlimited. The roll paper can be used to draw very
lengthy images. The width of the image depends on
the width of the drum.
DATA PROJECTORS
A Data projector is an output device that projects the
output of computer screen onto a larger screen. The
output projected by data projector can be viewed by a
number of people very clearly. Data projectors are
used in classes to deliver lectures to many students
etc.

TYPES OF DATA PROJECTORS

 Data
Projectors

LCD DLP
projector Projector

1. LCD Projector:
 LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. LCD
projector uses liquid crystal display technology. It is
attached to the computer directly. It uses its own light
source to display the information shown on the
computer screen.

2. DLP Projector:
DLP stands for
Digital Light Processing. DLP projector uses tiny
mirrors to reflect light. It produces brighter and
sharper images than LCD projector.
 AUDIO OUTPUT DEVICES
Audio Output Devices are the components that
produce voice, music and other audible sounds. The
most commonly used audio output devices are
Speakers and Headphones.

SPEAKER:
Speaker is the most common type of
audio output device. It connects to a
sound card in system unit and provides
audio output for computer games, music, video clips
and other applications. Portable computers and
mobile devices typically have speakers integrated into
the device.
HEADPHONE:
Headphone can be used instead of speaker so that
other people are not disturbed at places such as public
library. Headset is a headphone with a built-in
microphone. It is often used when
making telephone calls or
participating in web conferences
using computer.
 REFERENCES

 www.google.com
 www.slideshare.net

 Book: Computer Application in Business

(B.Com-1)
Author: Tasleem Mustafa
Imran Saeed