-(0") =

-100 V/sec
d2 : E X E R C I S E :

Review Questions

analys1>
in network
3.1 t 1s importance of initial conditions

3.2 Explain Why ?

instantancous7*
(a) The current in an inductor cannot change
change instantaneousiy
capacitor cannot
O he voltage across a

initial conditions in a netwOT networks.

3.3 Describe the method of evaluating
the equivalent
= o , Draw
behave at t = o
and t
C
Tollowing elements will
(a) Resistance (b) Inductor (c) Capacitor
Problemns
closed. A t t =0 the switc
with the switch k
E.3.1 The network of Fig. E. 3.1 is in the steady state
Determine the voltage across the switch, v, and t ) . ds (0+)
V« 1H

LH 0.5 F

2V 10
Fig. E. 3.1 [Ans.
 3.45
Tnitiad Conditions

steady
a
In the network of Fig.
E. 3.2 the has
a t t a i n e d

E 3 . 2

state with the switch closed. switch k is opened

n e t w o r k

opet at t- 0 after the

Find an
expression for the
voltage ácross the switch of the
If the t=0 is the
value

(ii) If parameters are

adjusted such thati d (0+)
=
-1,
what

(0+) =
1 and
and

dt
derivative of the voltage across the
switch,(0+)? dt

R2
w-

Fig. E. 3.2
A . : v c » - R )

closed
switch k is
and the
oltage V
In the given network of Fig. E. 3.3 the capacitor C, is charged to voltage Yo
E.3.3
determine ly *2 dt
and C, * 20F,
at t =0. When R, 2 MQ, R, =1M.
=

, V,= 1000v, C= 10uF

di dand at t =0+.
dtdt dt
Ri

C2
R

Fig. E. 3.3

x 103 A, 0.5 x 103 A, -2.375 x 10 A/s, -

0.875 x 10 A/s, 3.781 x 10 A/sec,
[Ans.1.5
1.4 x 105 A/sec*]
closed at t =
0 with zero inductor current and zerc-

In the network of Fig. E. 3.4, the switch k is

E.3.4
Solve for
capacitor voltage. at t 0+
) V, and v,
=

R
V, and v, at t
=

W- (ii)
v.
(ii)andat t0

iv) dd'V2 at t= 0+
V
(iv)
2

V
Fig. E. 3.4 Ans.: (1) 0, 0 (i) 0,2(ii) R,
R+R
R
 Circuits and
3.46
t = 0. connecting
an uneneroi..
Network
E.3.5
nto the network of Fig. E. 3..5, the switch k is
closed at time rgized system
a voltage source.
Show that
K R1 R2
w ww-

Ra

Vo

Fig. E. 3.5

0+)-R, +Rd0+R+R, lc"

ci)(+ - .R V(0+)
+R
E.3.6 In the network of Fig. E. 3.6, a steady state is reached with the switch k open. At timet= 0. swita
k is closed. witch

di
Find the values of i,, i2, and d at t 0+

-
102

10 10
10 V

14F 1H

Fig. E. 3.6

[Ans.: 0.5, 0.5, -5000 A/s, 5 Als]

 3.47

iialConations s y s t e m

unenergized

fa the given network of Fig. E. 3.7, the switch k is connecting

an

closed at t =

oltage source. Determine the values oof i,,

i,, i andt t =0+
andat
to

24F
102
w

H
10V 100

A/s]
10
Fig. E. 3.7 A/s,
-49,990

LAns.: 1 A, 0 A, At
time t
=
0,
open.
switch
k
the sws
In the given network of Fig. E. 3.8, a steady state is reached with
the
E38
switch is closed. Determine the values of i, and i, at t 0+. i =

Ri
W-

C R3
3
ooW
i

Fig. E. 3.8

V
i0+ (RC+R * C2
Ans. +Ra0+)R,
R2 R) (R, +Rs)\C
(R +R,)
+R,'"70+)(R,
At t =
0, switch
k
E. 3.9 a steady state is reached with the switch open.
E.3.9 In the given network of Fig. at t 0+.
i,
=
and
is closed. Determine the
values of i,, i,
2
ww

40 0.5F

6V T
1H L 1F

Fig. E. 3.9 [Ans. 1A, 0.333 A, 0 A]

3.48 md Netw
switch k closed, At
E.3.10 n is reached
with the tt= 0,
.

the network of
Fig. E. 3.10, a steady state the
is opened. sui
di
Determine i and dt
at t 0+

R
ns.: v

Fig. E. 3.10
.ll n the
network of Fig. E. 3.11 the switch k is moved from position I to 2 at t= 0 a
stead state ha.
previously been attained. Determine di havit
dt (0+) at t =
0+.

0.1 MN

w
10V

100 F 0.1H

Fig E. 3.11

[Ans.10AS