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4th Computer Networks Lecture 1-1-Introduction

This document is a lecture on introducing networking from the University of Technology in Baghdad, Iraq. The lecture covers basic concepts in networking including components of a data communication system, protocols, performance metrics like throughput and delay, reliability factors, security measures, transmission modes, line configurations, network topologies, categories of networks, and internetworks. The information is from the textbook "Data Communications and Networking" by Behrouz A. Forouzan and some slides are directly from the author's materials.

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مجيد علاء خضير
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38 views

4th Computer Networks Lecture 1-1-Introduction

This document is a lecture on introducing networking from the University of Technology in Baghdad, Iraq. The lecture covers basic concepts in networking including components of a data communication system, protocols, performance metrics like throughput and delay, reliability factors, security measures, transmission modes, line configurations, network topologies, categories of networks, and internetworks. The information is from the textbook "Data Communications and Networking" by Behrouz A. Forouzan and some slides are directly from the author's materials.

Uploaded by

مجيد علاء خضير
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Baghdad, Iraq

University of Technology
Department of Electrical Engineering
Division Electronic Engineering

Computer Networks
Lecture 1-1
Introduction to Networking

4th year (semester 2)


2019-2020

Lecturer Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab


Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 1
References:

1. Behrouz A. Forouzan , Data Communications and Networking , 4th


Edition , Mc Graw Hill , 2007 .
2. A.Tanenbaun and D. J . Wetherall , Computer Networks , 5th Edition
Prentice Hall , 20011.

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 2


The information presented in this lecture is
from the “Data Communications and
Netorking”, by Behrouz A. Forouzan book and
some slides are taken from Power Point slides
by the same author.

Dr. Kh. Sh. Rijab

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 3


Note: tele is Greek for "far".
Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 4
Components of Data Communication
A Data Communication system has five components as shown in the
diagram below:
1. Message: Message is the information to be communicated by the
sender to the receiver.
2. Sender: The sender is any device that is capable of sending the data
(message).
3. Receiver: The receiver is a device that the sender wants to
communicate the data (message).
4. Transmission Medium: It is the path by which the message travels
from sender to receiver. It can be wired or wireless and many subtypes
in both.
5. Protocol: It is an agreed upon set or rules used by the sender and
receiver to communicate data
Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 5
➢ A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communication.

➢ A Protocol is a necessity in data communications without which the


communicating entities are like two persons trying to talk to each other in a
different language without know the other language.

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 6


Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 7
[Data Communications System ]
The effectiveness of a data communications system depends on
four fundamental characteristics
1) Delivery : To deliver data to correct destination
2) Accuracy : To deliver data accurately.
3) Timeliness: To deliver data in a timely manner.
4) Jitter. Jitter refers to the variation in the packet arrival time

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 8


Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 9
[NETWORKS ]

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 10


o Performance
can be measured in many ways, including transit time and response time.
Transit time: is the amount of time required for a message to travel from one device to another.
Response time: is the elapsed time between an inquiry and a response.

The performance of a network depends on:


• number of users
• the type of transmission medium
• Hardware and software.

Performance is often evaluated by two networking metrics:


1. Throughput
2. Delay.
We often need more throughput and less delay.

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 11


o Reliability
is measured by the:

• frequency of failure
• time it takes a link to recover from a failure (recovery time)
• network's robustness in a catastrophe.

o Security
Include protecting data from:
• unauthorized access
• damage
• Viruses
Implementing policies and procedures for recovery from
breaches and data losses.
Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 12
[Basic Concepts of Networking ]
To understand the relationship between the communicating devices.
Five general concepts provide the basis for this relationship:
• Transmission mode(data flow ).
• line configuration (Type of Connection).
• topology
• Categories of Networks.
• Internetworks

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 13


[Transmission Mode (Data Flow) ]
devices communicate with each other by sending and receiving data. The
data can flow between the two devices in the following ways.
1. Simplex . 2. Half Duplex . 3.Full Duplex .

(Keyboards and traditional monitors)

(Walkie-talkies and CB (citizens band) radios)

(telephone network)

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 14


[Line Configuration (Types of Connection) ]

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 15


Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 16
▪ also called multidrop
Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 17
Thank you
and
good luck

Introduction to Networking Dr. Khalida Sh. Rijab 18

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