Divide Command: Objectives: To Divide Line or Arc in Equal Parts
Divide Command: Objectives: To Divide Line or Arc in Equal Parts
Lecture 5
32. Divide command
Objectives: To divide line or arc in equal parts.
Steps:
Press DIV and enter.
Select the line or arc to be divided.
Type the required number of division and press enter.
33. Layer
Objective: To Create a new layer.
Steps:
Click new layer on layer toolbar.
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New
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Text, also called single-line text, or Dtext, makes every line a separate object. It’s great for
short annotation in a drawing. On the other hand, Mtext, also called multiline text, has more
formatting options, and is better for larger amounts of text. Mtext is especially important if
you need to create left and right margins and wrap the text between those margins.
- MT enter
Sometimes, you have single-line text that should be multiline text, or vice versa. Here are two
simple ways to convert between the two types of text.
To convert from text to Mtext, use the Express Tools command TXT2MTXT. Choose
Express> Text> Convert Text to Mtext.
At the Select objects: prompt, select the text objects that you want to convert. If you press
Enter instead, you get the Text to MText Options dialog box. Set the options as you want and
press OK. By default, the command sorts from the top object downward, and tries to word
wrap the Mtext that it creates.
One nice feature of the command is that if you select text objects first, the command executes
without further input — very efficient! Another efficient feature is that the command does a
true conversion; your old text objects are gone.
In the MTEXT editor write the index text as a stacked text - e.g. 2nd/xx hole (if you have AutoStack
disabled, select the text to stack - nd/xx, right click and choose 'Stack'). Select the stacked text, right
click and choose 'Stack Properties'. Delete nominator or denominator of the stack (e.g. xx). Set the
'Style' to 'Tolerance'. (gives: 2nd hole)
If you are using a font with full Unicode set, you can also use Unicode characters for "2-superscript" -
\U+00B2 or "3-superscript" - \U+00B3 or "2-subscript" - \U+2082, to form single-line texts like
E=mc2 or H2O. This approach can be used even in plain Text (not MText) entities, dimensions and
labels.
If you are using an external Mtext editor (not Internal), you can also use the MText control characters
- e.g.:
\A1;TEXT{\H0.5x;\SINDEX;}
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(gives: TEXTINDEX)
Splines are defined either with fit points, or with control vertices. By default, fit points coincide with
the spline, while control vertices define a control frame. Control frames provide a convenient
method to shape the spline.
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Method
Controls whether the spline is created with fit points or with control vertices. (SPLMETHOD
system variable)
Fit
Creates a degree 3 (cubic) B-spline by specifying fit points that the spline must pass
through. When the tolerance value is greater than 0, the spline must be within the
specified tolerance distance from each point.
Creates a spline by specifying control vertices. Use this method to create splines of
degree 1 (linear), degree 2 (quadratic), degree 3 (cubic), and so on up to degree 10.
Adjusting the shape of a spline by moving control vertices often provides better
results than moving fit points.
LECTURE:6
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37.Multiline Command
Objectives:To create multiple parallel lines.
Steps:
Type ML and enter.
Specify first point or (justification(j) /scale(s)/style) : click at certain point.
Enter s
Enter the required scale: required scale was entered.
Enter j
Enter justification type. (top/zero/bottom): select the required type.
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39.Addition of Area
Objectives:To add area of different objects.
Steps:
Enter AA.
Enter Afor addtion
Enter O and select objects to be added and the area increases
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Steps:
Scale facto 2
42.Hatch command
Objectives: To hatch the plan
Steps:
Enter H.
Select the hatch
Add the pick point
Select the object
Enter ok
LECTURE:7
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45.Arrow heads
Objectives: To create arrow head.
Steps:
Enter PL.
Enter w
Set the width.
Specify starting width
Specify ending width
Specify height of arrow.
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Steps:
Double click on block
Click on OK and make the require changes.
Click on “close block editor’’.
Fig: Block
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Steps:
Click tool pallets in toolbar.
Select the Architectural.
Inset the required objects.
Change the object into plan \elevation as required.
50.Hatch edit
Objective: To edit the hatched area
Steps :
Enter ‘he’ OR
And double click on the hatched area
And option are come then change the required hatch style.
To hatch different room , enter ‘pl’ and enclosed the fixed area then
enter H and choose the hatch option .
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61. Wipeout
Objective: to cover the unwantedfigure
Steps:
Enter wipeout
Then draw the figure to cover the unwanted figure
Before After
Steps:
Press Br enter.
Select the line to be break.
Specify the point where the line is to be break.
63.Align command
Steps:
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Now, there is the option to scale objects based on alignment points or not. If you click on
yes(y) the object will be aligned on the scale of fixed destination point. If you click on no(n)
the object will aligned on its original scale.
64.Mirrtext
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Steps:
Enter Mirrtext.
Enter value for mirrtex .If 0, the mirror of text cannot be done. If , the mirror of the
text can be done.
Fig: when value for mirrtext is 0 Fig: when value for mirrtext is 1
65. Boundary
Steps:
Enter Bo .
A dialog box will appear .click ok.
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66. Region
Steps:
Enter Region.
Select the object and Enter.
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Steps:
Enter Find
In a dialogue box: select appropriate object in <Find text string> and <Replace with>
click <Find Next>:
displays the number of letterings and replace it.
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Steps:
Enter Spell.
Select object.
In dialogue box click on correct spelling.
Click Change.
In dialogue box click Ok.
Lecture: 8
69. EXTRIM
Objective : To trim the continuous line on given specific area.
Steps:
First draw a continuous line where dimension is required.
Then draw a rectangle of any size crossing the continuous line.
After that type extrimenter
Select object
Specify the side to trim on enter
Then delete rectangle
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71.EXPRESS
Objective: To enclosed the text on circle, rectangle, etc.
Steps:
First type any text such as 1, 2,A, B……
-Click EXPRESS on the toolbar.
Then click TEXT.
Click ENCLOSE TEXT WITH OBJECT.
Select object and double enter.
Then enclose the text with circle\rectangle\slots
Create circle of variable or constant size and choose variable and enter.
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72.CONTINUOUS DIMENSION
Objective: To give dimension continuously.
Steps:
Click linear dimension in the dimension toolbar.
Specify first extension line origin.
Specify second extension line origin.
Click CONTINUOUS DIMENSION in the dimension toolbar.
Specify a second extension line originand enter.
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73.DIMENSION STYLES
Objective: To change sizes of line, arrow and text.
To fit the both line and arrow within or above or below the extension line.
Steps:
LINE
First “d” enter or click on DIMENSION and click DIMENSION STYLE.
Click modify.
Click line
Change the line dimension and always tick on fixed length extension line and change
the length.
TEXT
Click Text.
Change the text placement and text alignment and text size.
In text placement - vertical - above and in the text alignment- aligned with dimension
line
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FIT
Click FIT
Change both arrow and text sizes so that they get enough space to fixed inside the
extension line.
In text placement – over dimension line.
In scale for dimension features change the scale of dimension line as required.
ALTERNATE UNITS
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If metric dimension is needed then we can tick on display alternate units but if metric
dimension is not needed we can off the alternate units.
After all these setting is set then click ok.
Click set current and close.
74.QUICK DIMENSION
Objective: To give dimension
Steps:
First draw a continuous line where dimension have to given.
Then draw next line crossing previous line
Then trim the unneeded lines
Select the remaining line and click QUICK DIMENSION in the dimension
toolbar
75. LENGTHEN
Objective: To increase the length of any line.
Steps 1:
Draw any size line
Type lengthen and< enter>
Select object
Type T for total <enter>
Type required size <enter>
Select object <enter>
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Steps 2:
Again draw line of same size as previous
Type lengthen <enter>
Select object
Type delta<enter>
Type required size <enter>
Select object<enter>
In this the length is added to previous length.
LECTURE 9
76.DIMENSION STYLE
Steps
TYPE ‘d’ & enter
Click New.
Type new name in new style name.
Click continue
Then change sizes of line, arrow and symbol, text height etc.
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77.SCALE
Objective: SCALE is the name of the command that helps scale objects in AutoCAD.
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If we consider the images we have below, the inner circle was scaled with a scale factor of
15.29/8.81 which is approximately 1.73.
The base point of the example below was chosen to be the center of the inner circle.
You can also make use of this command without using the Scale factor, using a reference
instead.
Let’s consider the following example. What we want to do is to scale the radius of the inner
circle of the object to be equal to the length of the red line. And furthermore we want to keep
a copy of the original object.
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If we omitted the step 4 in the last procedure, here is what we would get
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78.COPY
Steps:
Type ‘w’ & enter.
Select object.
Always tick in convert to block
80.PURGE
Steps:
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Click draw.
Click table.
Enter the required nos. of row and column
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Click at the point and drag, table will form as the shape required.
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LECTURE 10
84.X-CLIP
Objective: To select the required area or part of block.
steps
Command: xclip
Select objects.
[ON/OFF/Clipdepth/Delete/generate Polyline/New boundary] <New>: n
[Select polyline/Polygonal/Rectangular] <Rectangular>: r
Specify first corner.
Then next corner.
85. OOPS
Objective: To recover the deleted block.
Step:
OOPS enter
86. JPGOUT
Objective :To save CAD file in jpg. Form.
Steps:
Select object.
Type jpgout.
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Save file.
87. ARRAY
Objective: To copy the block in numbers of row or column.
Steps:
Command: array
Dialogue box appeared.
Select object.
Insert number of rows or column required.
Then fix the offset distance or direction.
Click OK.
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88. DDINSERT
Objective:To insert the block from one file to another file.
Steps:
Command : ddinsert
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89. MINSERT
Objective: To insert the block in array form.
Steps:
Command: minsert
Enter block name which to be copied.
Specify insertion point or [Basepoint/Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate]
Enter X scale factor, specify opposite corner, or [Corner/XYZ] <1
Enter Y scale factor <use X scale factor
Specify rotation angle <0>
Enter number of rows (---) <1>
Enter number of columns (|||) <1>
Enter distance between rows or specify unit cell (---): 50'
Enter distance between columns.
Whole file will appear in screen in array form.
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90. TEXTFIT
Objective: To increase or decrese text size.
Steps:
Write single line text .
Command: textfit
Select text to stretch or shrink.
Specify end point.
91. VIEWPORT
Objective: To arrange the view of drawing.
Makes work easier working in different viewports.
Steps:
Go to view then to viewport and click to required viewports ….1 viewports,2
viewports.
Enter a configuration option.
Horizontal
Vertical
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Tutorial: 2
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