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Time Variant and Time Invariant Systems

Time variant systems have parameters that change over time, like the decreasing mass of a space vehicle or changing rocket damping with altitude. Time invariant systems have constant parameters, like electrical networks with fixed resistances and capacitances. An open loop system operates independently of its output, like a washing machine with a fixed cycle time. A closed loop system regulates its output based on feedback, like an air conditioner that adjusts temperature using a thermostat.

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441 views

Time Variant and Time Invariant Systems

Time variant systems have parameters that change over time, like the decreasing mass of a space vehicle or changing rocket damping with altitude. Time invariant systems have constant parameters, like electrical networks with fixed resistances and capacitances. An open loop system operates independently of its output, like a washing machine with a fixed cycle time. A closed loop system regulates its output based on feedback, like an air conditioner that adjusts temperature using a thermostat.

Uploaded by

ALUVALA BHAVANA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Time variant and Time invariant systems

Time variant: When the parameters of a control system are varying with respect to time
during the operation of the system, the system is called time variant system.

Examples:
1.Space vehicle whose mass decreases with time, as it leaves earth. The mass is the
parameter of space vehicle system.
2.Rocket aerodynamic damping can change with time as air density changes with the
altitude.

Time invariant: When the parameters of a control system are stationary with respect to
time during the operation of the system, the system is called time invariant system.

Examples:
1.Different electrical networks consisting of the elements as resistances, inductances,
capacitances are time invariant systems as the values of the elements of such system are
constant and not the functions of time.

Open loop control system: The system whose control action is free from the
output is known as the open loop control system.

Examples:
1.The automatic washing machine is the example of the open loop
system. The operator manually sets the operating time of the machine. The
machine stops operating after the set time, even the desire cleanliness of clothes
are not obtained.
2.Electric Hand Drier – Hot air (output) comes out as long as you keep your hand
under the machine, irrespective of how much your hand is dried.

Closed loop control system: In closed loop, the output depends on the
control action of the system.

Examples:
1.The air conditioner is the example of the closed-loop system.
The air conditioner regulates the temperature by comparing it with the
surrounding temperature. The comparison of temperature is done with the help
of the thermostat.
2. The thermostat heater is an example of closed loop control system. The
thermostat senses the temperature of the system and maintains the temperature

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