IOBM

MBA Logistics & Supply Chain

Business Mathematics and Statistics

Class Activity
Class Test

Muhammad Adnan Maroof (20201-28242)

Student ID: 20201-28242

Q. No1: Following are the weights of 40 football players in pounds.

171 204 174 233 189 255 217 220 180 207
198 204 183 205 180 175 190 213 235 218
210 193 201 180 175 196 212 191 243 230
233 244 238 267 184 172 198 170 180 224

i. Construct frequency distribution taking size of class 15 and starting the class with 170.
ii. Represent the data using frequency curve, frequency polygon, Histogram, and cumulative
frequency.
SOLUTION:
Class Limits Class Boundaries Frequency Cumulative Frequency
170 - 184 165.5 - 184.5 12 12
185 - 199 184.5 - 199.5 7 19
200 - 214 199.5 - 214.5 8 27
215 - 229 214.5 - 229.5 4 31
230 - 244 229.5 - 244.5 7 38
245 - 259 244.5 - 259.5 1 39
260 - 274 259.5 - 274.5 1 40

Frequency Curve Frequency Polygon

FREQUENCY

7 8 7 7 8 7
10 10
4 4
5 1 1 5 1 1
0 0
170 220 270 177 192 207 222 237 252 267
MIDPOINTS MIDPOINTS

CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY
POLYGON
50 39 40
38
CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY

40 31
27
30 19
20 12
10 0
0
165.5 184.5 199.5 214.5 229.5 244.5 259.5
CLASS BOUNDARIES
 HISTOGRAM
12
12

10

8
8
7 7
FREQUENCY

4
4

2
1 1

0
165.5 - 184.5 184.5 - 199.5 199.5 - 214.5 214.5 - 229.5 229.5 - 244.5 244.5 - 259.5 259.5 - 274.5

CLASS BOUNDRIES
Q. No2: Eighty randomly selected light bulbs were tested to determine their lifetime (in hours). frequency
distribution of the lifetime is as under:

Life in hours 52.5-63.5 63.5-74.5 74.5-84.5 84.5-96.5 96.5-107.5 107.5-118.5

SOLUTION:
Life in hours No. of light bulbs
Class Boundaries Frequency (f) Mid Points (Xm) f.Xm f.Xm²
52.5 - 63.5 6 58 348 20184
63.5 - 74.5 12 69 828 57132
74.5 - 85.5 25 80 2000 160000
85.5 - 96.5 18 91 1638 149058
96.5 - 107.5 14 102 1428 145656
107.5 - 118.5 5 113 565 63845

∑f = N = 80
∑f.Xm = 6807
(∑f.Xm)² = 46335249
∑f.Xm² = 595875

X̄ = ∑f.Xm
∑f = N

6807
80

X̄ = 85.09 Answer

S² = ∑f.Xm² - [(∑f.Xm)²/n]
n-1

= 595875 - [(46335249/6)]
6-1

S² = 211.2

S= √ 211.2

S= 14.53 Answer
Q. No3: The grades of a class of 9 students on a midterm report (x) and on the final examination (y) are as
follows:
X 75 50 71 72 81 94 96 99 67

Y 80 66 78 34 47 85 99 99 68

a) Find the simple linear regression equation that best describes these data.
b) Plot scatter diagram and linear estimating equation on answer page with suitable scale.
c) Find correlation coefficient and coefficient determination and interpret your results.
d) Estimate the final examination grade of a student who received a grade of 85 on the midterm
report but was ill at the time of the final examination.

SOLUTION:

(a) Formulas for the Regression Line:

ŷ = a + bx

X Y x² y² Xy
75 80 5625 6400 6000
50 66 2500 4356 3300
71 78 5041 6084 5538
72 34 5184 1156 2448
81 47 6561 2209 3807
94 85 8836 7225 7990
96 99 9216 9801 9504
99 99 9801 9801 9801
67 68 4489 4624 4556

n= 9
∑x = 705
∑y = 656
∑x² = 57253
∑y² = 51656
∑xy = 52944
Putting values in above formula we get:

a= 12.74
b= 0.7679

 ŷ = a + bx

This is our regression equation for given data: ŷ = 12.74 + 0.7679x

(b) Scattered Diagram & Linear Estimating Equation:

Correlation Coefficient r = 0.56

Correlation of Determination r2 = 0.31

As the value of r is 0.56, hence we can say that there is a positive relation between x & y.

(d) With the help of estimation equation estimate value of y when x = 85:

For x=85, ŷ = 12.74 + 0.7679x = 12.74 + 0.7679(85) = 78.01

a) Solve following simultaneous equation by elimination method.

2x+y=5

−x+y=2

SOLUTION:
b) Consider the simultaneous linear equations shown below and answer the questions apply graphical
method:

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4

𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2

1. What problems might you encounter as you try to graph these two equations?

Ans: These two equations might not have an intersection point hence there will be no solution to this
system of equation.

2. What form of linear equations do we typically use when graphing?

SOLUTION
Q. No5:

If twice the age of son is added to age of father, the sum is 56. But if twice the age of the father is added
to the age of son, the sum is 82. Find the ages of father and son.

Age of Father = 36
Age of Son = 10