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Tenses Summary

The document summarizes 12 tenses in English including: 1. Simple present for habitual actions or general truths 2. Simple past for completed past actions 3. Simple future to indicate future actions that may or may not occur 4. Present continuous for actions happening now or future arrangements 5. Past continuous for ongoing past actions interrupted by something unexpected 6. Future continuous for ongoing future actions 7. Present perfect for past actions with unspecified time or recent/ongoing actions 8. Past perfect for actions completed before other past actions 9. Future perfect for actions that will be completed by a future time 10. Present perfect continuous for ongoing past actions with present results 11. Future (planned or

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Patricia Copello
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33 views2 pages

Tenses Summary

The document summarizes 12 tenses in English including: 1. Simple present for habitual actions or general truths 2. Simple past for completed past actions 3. Simple future to indicate future actions that may or may not occur 4. Present continuous for actions happening now or future arrangements 5. Past continuous for ongoing past actions interrupted by something unexpected 6. Future continuous for ongoing future actions 7. Present perfect for past actions with unspecified time or recent/ongoing actions 8. Past perfect for actions completed before other past actions 9. Future perfect for actions that will be completed by a future time 10. Present perfect continuous for ongoing past actions with present results 11. Future (planned or

Uploaded by

Patricia Copello
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© © All Rights Reserved
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TENSES: SUMMARY

1. SIMPLE PRESENT: Se usa para acciones habituales o verdades generales


He always WORKS in the morning.
The sun RISES in the East.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, we, they like / go / take / etc.


He, she, it likes / goes / takes / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: DO I, you, we, they like / go / take / etc.?
DOES he, she, it like / go / take / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I, you, we, they DON'T like / go / take / etc.
He, she, it DOESN'T like / go / take / etc.
2. SIMPLE PAST: Se usa para acciones ya terminadas en el pasado. Usualmente en la oración aparece un
adverbio de tiempo que me indica pasado.
They WERE BORN in 2012.
I WENT shopping yesterday.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, he, she, it, etc. likED / WENT / TOOK / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: DID I, you, he, she, it, etc. LIKE / GO / TAKE / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I, you, he, she, it, etc. DIDN'T LIKE / GO / TAKE / etc.
3. SIMPLE FUTURE: WILL + INFINITIVE: Se usa para indicar acciones futuras, que pueden o no
concretarse.
It WILL BE sunny tomorrow.
We WILL WIN the match.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, he, she, it, we, etc. WILL LIKE / GO / TAKE / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: WILL I, you, he, she, it, etc. LIKE / GO / TAKE / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I WILL NOT = WON'T LIKE / GO / TAKE / etc.
4. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TO BE + VERB + -ing: Se usa para indicar una acción que está
ocurriendo ahora. En el tiempo Futuro indica algo acordado (Arrangement) previamente.
The children ARE PLAYING in the garden. (NOW/AT THE MOMENT) Present
He IS VISITING his grandparents next Sunday at midday. (Future arrangement)

AFFIRMATIVE: I am / you are / he is / she is / it is / we are / they are goING / takING / etc.
NOTE: take + -ing = taking
Write + -ing = writing (the "e" is omitted)
INTERROGATIVE: Am I, are you, is he, is she, etc. goING / takING / etc. ?
NEGATIVE: I am not, you are not = aren't, he is not = isn't, etc. goING / takING / etc.
5. PAST CONTINUOUS TO BE (PAST) + VERB + -ing: Se usa para una acción que estaba en
progreso en el pasado. Contrapuesto al Pasado Simple, se usa para indicar que esta acción estaba sucediendo
cuando algo inesperado pasó.
Last year in October he WAS TAKING his exams.
My mum WAS HAVING LUNCH when my father arrived.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, he, she, it, etc. WAS goING / takING / etc. You, we, they WERE goING /
takING / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: WAS I, he, she, it goING / takING / etc.? WERE you, we, they goING / takING
/ etc. ?
NEGATIVE: I WAS NOT = WASN'T goING / takING / etc. You, we, they WERE NOT =
WEREN'T goING / takING
6. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TO BE (FUTURE) + VERB + -ing: Se usa para acciones en progreso en
el futuro.
This time next year he WLL BE WORKING in Miami.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, he, she, it, we, etc. WILL BE goING / takING / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: WILL I, you, he, she, it, we, etc. BE goING / takING / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I WILL NOT = WON'T BE goING / takING / etc.
7. PRESENT PERFECT HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE: Se usa para acciones en pasado
donde no mencionamos el tiempo en que ocurrieron; para acciones en un pasado reciente; para acciones que
comenzaron en el pasado y continúan en el presente.
I HAVE EATEN in an Indian restaurant.
He HAS just WON a prize.
We HAVE LIVED in Brandsen for ten years.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, we, they HAVE LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc. He, she, it HAS LIKED /
GONE / TAKEN / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: HAVE I, you, we, they LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.? HAS he, she, it, etc. LIKED
/ GONE / TAKEN
NEGATIVE: I, you, we, they HAVE NOT = HAVEN'T LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.
HE, she, it, HAS NOT = HASN'T LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.
8. PAST PERFECT HAD + PAST PATICIPLE: Se usa para indicar que una acción ocurrió antes
de otra en el pasado. Si no tengo en la oración una acción en pasado simple no puedo usar pasado perfecto.
When his father arrived he HAD LEFT.
We HAD already FINISHED our lunch when my mum arrived.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, he, she, it, we, etc. HAD LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: HAD I, you, he, she, etc. LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I, you, he, she, etc. HAD NOT = HADN'T LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.
9. FUTURE PERFECT WILL HAVE + PAST PATICIPLE: Se usa para indicar algo que habrá
ocurrido y probablemente finalizado en un punto de tiempo en el futuro.
By next Tuesday they WILL HAVE FINISHED painting the house.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, he, she, etc. WILL HAVE LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: WILL I, you, he, she, etc. HAVE LIKED / GONE / TAKEN / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I WILL NOT = WON'T HAVE LIKED / GONE / TAKEN.

10. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS HAVE / HAS BEEN + PAST PARTICIPLE: Se usa para
indicar algo que he estado haciendo en el pasado, usualmente veo el resultado de esa acción en el presente.
Look! It HAS BEEN RAINING!
You look tired! What HAVE YOU BEEN DOING?
We HAVE BEEN RUNNING.

AFFIRMATIVE: I, you, we, they HAVE BEEN GOING / TAKING / etc.


He, she, it HAS BEEN GOING / TAKING / etc.
INTERROGATIVE: HAVE I, you, we, they BEEN GOING / TAKING / etc.?
HAS he, she, it BEEN GOING / TAKING / etc.?
NEGATIVE: I, you, we, they HAVE NOT = HAVEN'T BEEN GOING / TAKING / etc.
He, she, it HAS NOT = HASN'T BEEN GOING / TAKING / etc.
11. FUTURE (PLANNED OR INTENTION): TO BE + GOING TO + VERB: Se usa para algo
planeado o que intento concretar en el futuro.
We ARE GOING TO TAKE piano lessons.
What ARE YOU GOING TO STUDY next year?
I am, you are, he is, etc. GOING TO TAKE / etc.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS: (for future arrangement)
I am TAKING the next bus to London.
SIMPLE PRESENT: (for schedules or itineraries)
The next bus to London LEAVES at 7 p.m.
12. CONDITIONAL WOULD + VERB: Se usa para acciones que sucederían si se dan ciertas
condiciones; también para ofrecimientos o invitaciones. I, you, he, she, etc. WOULD LIKE / GO / etc.

I WOULD VISIT you if I had time. / WOULD YOU LIKE to come with me?

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