International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics

Volume 119 No. 14 2018, 1001-1006

ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)
url: http://www.ijpam.eu
Special Issue
ijpam.eu

   
ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LINE BREAKING PREVENTION SYSTEM USING GSM

K.Jegannath1, N.Madhavan2, A. Md Abdul Raghaman3, L. Peter Remy Jose4, A.Devi5

1,2,3,4,5
Departmentof Electronics Communication and Engineering, IFET College of Engineering and Technology,
Villupuram, India

Abstract: Our project is to protect the humans from the This system uses 89s51 Microcontroller, RF transceiver,
power line breaking. This project, used to identify defect a Global system modulation and relay. From using these
positions and locate the accurate place where damage essential components to discover a defect position,
has occurred. This method can detect faults by examine and categories these types of defects and then
automatically, classifies the type of errors and then auto tripping where the fault are occurred. The
display the defect in the LCD display. The collection of collections of information are transmitting to control
details as send via SMS to the authority person to repair person. This system mainly focuses to human careless
the power line as soon and also auto tripping the main makes an accident. If the control person not properly
units by using relay before sending a message. At acts, the accident will occur. So that using a relay to shut
maintenance period, the authority who makes the call to down the whole units before sending a set of details to
shutdown the whole units. This system mainly used to control person and this can protects to save the human
avoids an unexpected happening from the supremacy beings.
line damage.
2. Literature Survey
1. Introduction
A fault detection and locate the exact spot where the line
A developing country mainly needs a power has occurred is also the main abstract of the previous
transmission to improve their growth economically. system. A system only identity where the fault has
Especially India, Sri Lanka and other developed occurred and may not auto trip the whole units. If the
countries are transmitting a power line throughout wires. auto trip is not present, the control persons come to fault
A power source is the basic requirements for human life area and repair the post as soon without making any
to do their own activity. A people directly depend upon hazards for others and themselves. These are the main
the power resources. Somehow, power sources cause drawbacks for the previous system. The human beings
human beings indirectly. The power transmission is are also affected even when the prevention system as
occurred due to natural disasters or manmade mistakes implemented. The maintains of component are not
and other many conditions those outcomes may causes a possible in previous systems. Somehow the components
human beings. To avoid such that accidents, prevention are affected due to natural disasters or artificially. The
is better. long distances of street are not suit a low level radio
frequency. Such that, move to high level radio frequency
These unexpected happening may affects the ordinary transmission are better to use. The peoples can’t able to
person and other living things. Such that, to detect these understand the situation in which the power has broken.
type of faults and make an awareness to all peoples. A The previous systems are not introducing a display a
power line breaking is a fault to detect and make defect to the moderate people. Here this system using a
prevention as soon as possible, Otherwise it may cause liquid crystal display to broadcast a collection of
others. Different kinds of systems of fault position and information in which the types of faults and accurate
locate the accurate place are exist. Most of the systems spot. The previous systems are also utilizes a global
are utilized and prevent an accident somewhere. But this system modulation to telecast the message of the set of
Project mainly focuses to save the human beings at details in which kinds of faults, defect position or
anywhere, anytime. In addition to groups these fault particular post and area to the control room. But this
position of accurate spot are transmitting to an authority system is also doing the same steps and further makes a
person by the way of sms and calls. At a recent time call to higher authority when the control person are not
different kinds of fault position systems are suggest like take a decision to repair the fault as soon. These are
travelling wave based system, voltage based systems, main merits to protect the human life from the power
knowledge based methods and impedance based line occurred. The proposal system is protect the human
systems. beings at every critical situation and anytime. This
system is not consuming more cost and it’s better
  

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efficiency than existing one. The existed systems get a tripped and send a details to the control person. Mainly,
more sources to operates and economically enrich. The the peoples cannot understand the current situation. In
collection of details are telecast a message to control this system, found the accurate fault position to be
person, auto tripping the whole units before sending a displayed. The display position as showed in the main
message and display a defect to the unknown people, In transformer, from that people can understand the
addition to makes a call to higher authority after certain problems and make sure to prevent us. The LCD display
time of periods when the control are not satisfactorily shows the types of fault in which breakdown or
act. These are the main function are added in this project shutdown and also notify where the faults are occurred.
to save the human beings from the power transmission or
distribution line has occurred. 4. Process Description

3. Methodology This chapter presents elaborated information about

different kinds of components.
The whole system mainly focuses to three operating
functions such as SMS/Call, auto tripping and display 4.1 Block Diagram
the defect in LCD,

3.1 SMS/Call

An EB software activated ready to use and monitoring

power line status. Whether anything occurred in the post
due to natural disaster or artificial forces, the current
transformer will not sense the power supply. The RF
transmitter makes the signal to the RF receiver
connected to the 89s51 microcontroller where placed in
main transformer. The microcontroller and GSM are
interface by UART serial port connection. In
microcontroller already programmed a controller number
in memory. When a fault occurred in line, the
microcontroller can identity an accurate spot where the
line has broke. The microcontroller activated a GSM to
send the collection of details to control person about ID: Figure 1. Block Diagram of full system
EBAS0P (101,102,103). If the authority cannot take a
proper decision to repair a line as soon, the GSM makes 4.2 89s51 Microcontroller
a call to the higher authority to take a decision.
3.2 Auto tripping An 89s51 microcontroller is a regulating device. The
89s51 microcontroller is heart of the component of
An auto tripping is the essential one in this system. A controlling this system. The 89s51 Microntroller is a
man cannot do his/her work properly at any time. compatible and 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable
Somewhere they lose his focus to work, it leads to some (ISP) Flash Memory. The other important features are
causes. Here using a relay to auto cut the power supply 128
to flow in the line. A relay is an electromagnetic switch  
in which process a comparison less current that may turn
ON/OFF the higher electric current. An auto tripping can x 8-bit Internal RAM, 32 Programmable I/O Lines, and
process before sending information to the control person, Two 16-bit Timer/Counters, Six Interrupt Sources, Full
a relay just send a signal to microcontroller to auto trip Duplex UART Serial Channel, and 4k bytes of flash
the power supply. memory.
3.3 Display the defect
4.3 GSM

The one more important function is display the defect in A GSM became very popular in a short period of time
the LCD 16*2 display characters. A natural disaster or because it supply better speech quality and, through a
artificial are cuter a power line, the whole units are auto unique international standard, made it achieved to use a
  

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only one telephone number and mobile unit around the magnetic field, without a metallic connection between
world. The main benefits of GSM are providing wider the two circuits.
range of service.
  4.8 RF modem

4.4 LCD display A RF transceiver is an open source range nearly

100meters. The transmitter and receiver frequency range
A LCD display is a visual display that utilizes the light- is 433.92MHZ and 433MHZ. The transmitting supply
modulating properties of liquid crystals. Here we using a voltage is 3~6V and receiving operating voltage is 5V. It
16*2 rows and columns character display. A 16x2 is a low power consumption and easy for use.
LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and
4.9 Analysis
there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is
displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two The power line breaking prevention system as explains
registers, namely, Command and Data. A liquid crystal about prevention of human beings from power
display does not emit light directly. The main merits of distribution line brake. A thousands of peoples are died
LCD display are compact in size and any shape due to power supply directly flow in their body. The few
  peoples are died due to power line occurred. EB
software are activated as ready to use. The software
  monitoring the power line status. Whether any post as
brake in the distribution line, send information to the
4.5 Relay control person. The sending of information with types of
fault and locate the accurate spot.
A relay is an electromagnetic switch operated by a In AC power supply, the flowing of current is used to
relatively less electric current that can turn on or off a measure a current transformer sensor, if the CT sensor
much higher electric current. The heart of a relay is an not sensing the flow of current. The RF transmitter sends
electromagnet (a coil of wire that becomes a temporary the signal with specified ID to the RF transceiver. The
magnet when electricity flows through it) microcontroller are placed in main transformer, a relay
Electromagnetic relays are those relays which are makes a signal to auto trip the supply. The GSM sends
operated by electromagnetic action. Modern electrical the set of details to the corresponding authority. A LCD
protection relays are mainly micro processor based, but display the defects.
still electromagnetic relay holds its place.

4.6 Voltage regulator

Voltage regulators comprise a class of widely used ICs.

Regulator IC units contain the circuitry for reference
source, comparator amplifier, control device, and
overload protection all in a single IC. IC units provide
regulation of either a fixed positive voltage, a fixed
negative voltage, or an adjustable set voltage. The
regulators can be selected for operation with load
currents from hundreds of milli-amperes to tens of
amperes, corresponding to power ratings from milli-
watts to tens of watts.

4.7 Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers Figure 02: Hardware Setup

electrical energy between two or more circuits through
electromagnetic induction. A varying current in one coil
of the transformer produces a varying magnetic field,
which in turn induces voltage in a second coil. Power
can be transferred between the two coils through the
  

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the whole units, because the control person cannot work
properly at anytime.

5.2 System application

This system is mainly utilizes for the subsequent cases:A
people can protect ourselves from the power line
Figure 03: LCD display breaking and also understand the reason for power cut.

1) At natural disaster time, the workers can

struggle to do their work. By applying this system, the
workers burden is reduced as possible. A relay as auto
trip the whole units, this can also reduce the works for
authority.
2) This system can move into next level generation
of power line safety and protection. This prevention
system also considered the workers of electrical power
Figure 04: GSM 800A repair/installer. The co-workers can also identify the
problem.
4.10 Algorithm
5.3 System Limitations
Step 1: Start
This system also some limitations additionally. These
Step 2: Initial
include:
Step 3: EB Software activated ready to use
Step 4: Monitoring power line status 1) This system cannot be applicable between the
Step 5: If fault occurred in post 1 home and service line.
Step 6: Attention power line braked ID: 2) The prevention system maintenance is complicate.
EBAS0P101
Step 7: If fault occurred in port 2 5.4 Future scope
Step 8: Attention power line braked 1) In this system having more number of units,
ID: EBAS0P102 together between separate post and main units. In
Step 9: If fault occurred in port 3 future, connection between that makes a sequence
Step 10: Attention power line braked ID: or series. This may decreases the complexity
EBAS0P103 connection.
Step 11: Auto trip 2) Replacing a solar power supply instead of battery
Step 12: Display in LCD source in each post.
Step 13 Repair 3) Replacing a Zigbee technology instead of RF
Step 14: EB Software activated ready to use transceivers.
Step 15: Monitoring power line status
Step 16: Maintenance period
Step 17: Power SHUT DOWN activated AREA: 6. Conclusion
EBAP100
Step 18: Display in LCD In our country, an electrical power distribution defect is
Step 19: Stop due to natural disasters and artificial and it’s very
complicate to identity the accurate spot and not repairs
5 Results and Discussion as soon as possible. By applying this system, can avoid
an accident and other hazards. Thus conclude, our
5.1 Outcomes project can protect the human beings from power line
This prevention system protects the human beings from breaking.
the power line breaking. The defects in the power line, References
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