Practical Research 2 Activity Sheet Week 2

Name: __________________________________ Grade Level/ Sec: ___________

Teacher: _______________________________________________

This lesson will answer the following question:

1. What is the importance of quantitative research across fields?

Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) Code: CS_RS12-Ia-c-2

References:
 Illustrates the importance of quantitative
research across fields Marioano, Jay-Ar Mario V.,

Compilation in Practical Research 2.

Concepts:

IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

People do research to find solutions, even tentative ones, to problems, in order to improve
or enhance ways of doing things, to disprove or provide a new hypothesis, or simply to find
answers to questions or solutions to problems in daily life. Research findings can affect
people’s lives, ways of doing things, laws, rules and regulations, as well as policies, among
others. Widely, quantitative research is often used because of its emphasis on proof rather
than discovery.

In recent times, research studies are gaining an unprecedented focus and attention.
Then, only the faculty in higher education has so much interest and conduct researchers,
but now even the teachers in the basic education are engrossed in researches and devote
time and effort in conducting researches to improve educational practices that may lead to
more quality learning of the students. Many teachers do action researches because there
is a serious need to identify the problems of the deteriorating quality of education. By
doing so, they can address systematically and make educational decisions regarding the
problems met. Innovative teaching strategies are product of research. In the natural and
social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic, empirical investigation of
observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques. The
objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories
and/or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena. The process of measurement is central to
quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical
observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships. Health Sciences
(Medical Technology, Dentistry, Nursing, Medicine, etc.) use quantitative research designs
like descriptive, pre-experimental, quasi-experimental, true-experiment, case study,
among others.

1. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH & ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS and MANAGEMENT

(ABM) Researches can help design a new product or service, figuring out what is
 needed and ensure the development of product is highly targeted towards demand.
Businessmen can also utilize research results to guarantee sufficient distribution of
their products and decide where they need to increase their product distribution.
Conducting researches can also help a business determine whether now is the
proper time to open another branch or whether it needs to apply for a new loan. It
may also help a small business decide if a procedure or strategy should be change
to meet the requirements of the customer base. Research is important for any
organization to remain in the market. The primary function of research in ABM is to
correctly determine its customers and their preferences, establish the enterprise in
the most feasible location, deliver quality goods and services, analyze what the
competitors are doing and find ways on how to continuously satisfy the growing and
varied needs of the clients.

2. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and ANTHROPOLOGY Anthropology is a research

method of combining qualitative and quantitative research data. It is concerned
with exploring connections simultaneously, amidst cultural differences, alternatives
and identity. In the contemporary academic, socio-cultural and political climate
these concepts have immense symbolic overtones. Quantitative research is use in
Anthropology in many aspects. Like, true experiments may use in studying people
provided that you follow certain steps (Bernard, 2004). This is to look into the
Effects of an intervention in ethnic behavior of a group. In here, you need at least
two groups, called the treatment group and the control group. On group gets the
intervention and the other group don’t. Next, individuals may be randomly
assigned, either to the intervention group or to the control group to ensure that the
groups are equivalent. Then, the groups are measured on one or more dependent
variables; this is called the pre-test. After which, the intervention is introduced.
Lastly, the dependent variables are measured again. This is the post test. True in
experiments with people in laboratory are also common. Laboratory experiments
often produce results that beg to be tested in the natural world by Anthropologists.
Aaron and Mills (1959, as cited by Bernard, 2004) demonstrated in a lab
experiment that people who go through severe initiation to a group tend to be more
positive toward the group than are people who go through a mild initiation. They
reasoned that people who go through tough initiation rites put a lot of personal
investments intogetting into the group. Later, if people see evidence that the group
is not what they thought it would be, they are reluctant to admit the fact because of
the investments. In Field, Janet Schofield and her colleagues did a 3 year
ethnographic study in middle school. During the first year, they noticed that
African-American and while children seemed to react differently to “mildly
aggressive acts’ – things like bumping in the hallway, poking one another in the
classroom, asking for food, or using another student’s pencil without permission.
There appeared to be no event of racial conflict in the school, but during interviews
while students were more likely to report being intimidated by their African-
American peers than vice versa (Sagar & Schofield, 1980, as cited by Bernard, 2004

3. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and COMMUNICATION Researchers are often

interested in how an understanding of a particular communication phenomenon
might generalize to a larger population. For example, researchers can advance
questions like “What Effect do punitive behavioral control statements have on a
classroom? What communicative behaviors are associated with different stages in
romantic relationships? What communicative behaviors are used to respond to co-
workers displaying emotional stress? (Allen, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009)
4. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and SPORTS MEDICINE Quantitative research is
used to analyze how sports may be used as an alternative way of medicating an
illness. An example is the research done by University of Eastern Finland which
investigated the relationship between mushrooming of fast food chains and obesity,
as well as the intervention needed to prevent children’s obesity from reaching
serious proportions. The research focused on the children’s physical activity and
physical inactivity and the concomitant impact on the children’s amount of adipose
tissue (fat mass) and the endurance fitness. The study is used to analyze certain
the effect of physical activity in weight control.

5. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and MEDICAL EDUCATION Quantitative research in

medical education tends to be predominantly observational research based on
surveys or correlational studies. The designs test interventions like curriculum,
teaching-learning process, or assessment with an experimental group. Either a
comparison or controlled group learners may allow researchers to overcome validity
concerns and infer potential cause-effect generalizations. Researchers are using to
cope with the emerging trends in recent times.

6. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Relationship

Questions in today’s quantitative trend tend to explore how one behavior exhibited
by people is related to other types of behavior. Examples are verbally aggressive
behaviors related to physical aggression – that is, when a person has a level of
verbally aggressive behavior, does he or she tend to be physically aggressive? Are
certain supervisor communication skills related to the emotional experiences of
employees?

Questions of difference explore how patterns of behavior or perceptions might differ

from one group or type of a person to another: Do people with disabilities
experience emotional labor differently from those without disabilities? Do women
perceive talkativeness (or lack of it) differently form men? Do communication styles
differ from one culture to the next? (Alle, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009).

When quantitative researchers explore questions of differences or questions of

relationships, they do so in an attempt to uncover certain patterns of behavior. If
the researcher discovers that a certain relationship exists in sample that she or he
has drawn form the population, she/he is then in a position to draw generalizations
about patterns expected of human behavior.

7. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH IN EDUCATION Quasi Experiments are most often

used in evaluating social problems. Suppose a researcher has invented a technique
for improving reading comprehension among third graders. She/he selects two third
grade classes in a school district. One of them gets the intervention and the other
doesn’t. Students are measured before and after the intervention to see whether
their reading scores improve. This design contains many of the elements of true
experiment, but the participants are not assigned randomly to the treatment and
control groups.

8. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and PSYCHOLOGY Mertens (2005) says that the

dominant paradigms that guided early psychological research were positivism and
its successor, post positivism. Positivism is based on rationalistic, empiricist
philosophy that originated with Aristotle, Francis Bacon, John Locke, August
Comte, and Immanuel Kant. the underlying assumptions of positivism include the
 belief that the social world can be studied in the same way as the natural world,
that there is a method for studying the social world that is value-free, and that
explanations of a causal nature can be provided.

9. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH & SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, and

MATHEMATICS Medical practitioners, for example, conduct researches to obtain
significant information about diseases trends and risk factors, results of various
health interventions, patterns of care and health care cost and use. The different
approaches to research provide complementary insights. Researchers help in
determining the effectiveness and even side effect of drugs and therapies in different
populations and various institutions. It is also necessary in evaluating experiences
in clinical practice in order to develop mechanisms for best practices and to ensure
high quality patient care. Researchers in these fields ultimately aim for man’s
longevity. As for engineers, architects, and other builders, research helps in
providing designs which are creatively beautiful and at the same time give more
convenience and efficiency as they utilize modern technology to adapt to the ever
changing society. New materials and procedures may be developed so as to further
strengthen the structural materials than can withstand various calamities and
disasters.

Activity 2.
Complete the following exercises below
ESSAY.
Briefly explain what is asked below. A. How important quantitative research across
fields? Cite at least five fields and ex
plain how quantitative research is interconnected with it.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
CONCEPT MAP. Complete the concept map presented below. You add figures so long as
you will use your creativity using the figures given. Present the importance of quantitative
research to different fields. Maximize the space below