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19-04 EIGRP - The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

The document discusses the characteristics and configuration of EIGRP routing protocol. EIGRP supports large networks, has fast convergence, and sends updates only to affected routers. The document also covers configuring EIGRP interfaces, autonomous system numbers, and router IDs.

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richard akpagni
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
85 views14 pages

19-04 EIGRP - The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

The document discusses the characteristics and configuration of EIGRP routing protocol. EIGRP supports large networks, has fast convergence, and sends updates only to affected routers. The document also covers configuring EIGRP interfaces, autonomous system numbers, and router IDs.

Uploaded by

richard akpagni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EIGRP Characteristics

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is an


Advanced Distance Vector routing protocol
It supports large networks
It has very fast convergence time
It supports bounded updates where network topology change
updates are only sent to routers affected by the change
Messages are sent using multicast
EIGRP Characteristics
EIGRP will automatically perform equal cost load balancing on
up to 4 paths by default
This can be increased up to 16 paths
EIGRP can also be configured to perform unequal cost load
balancing
EIGRP Configuration – AS number
R1(config)#router eigrp 100

‘100’ in this example is the Autonomous System (AS), meaning


an independent administrative domain. EIGRP routers need to
have the same Autonomous System number to peer with each
other.
EIGRP Configuration - network
R1(config)#router eigrp 100
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.255.255

The network command uses a wildcard mask which is the inverse of a


subnet mask.
Subtract each octet in the subnet mask from 255 to calculate the
wildcard mask
A subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 equals a wildcard mask of 0.0.255.255
A subnet mask of 255.255.255.252 equals a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.3
EIGRP Configuration - network
R1(config)#router eigrp 100
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

If you do not enter a wildcard mask, the command defaults to


using the classful boundary
0.255.255.255 for a Class A address
0.0.255.255 for a Class B address
0.0.0.255 for a Class C address
EIGRP Configuration - network
R1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 0.0.255.255
The network command means:
Look for interfaces with an IP address which falls within this
range.
Enable EIGRP on those interfaces – send out and listen for
EIGRP hello messages, and peer with adjacent EIGRP
routers.
Advertise the network and mask which is configured on
those interfaces.
EIGRP Configuration Example - network
R1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0

A default Class A wildcard of 0.255.255.255 will be used


All interfaces fall within this range in our example
EIGRP will be enabled on all interfaces and the router will peer with
adjacent EIGRP routers
Networks advertised: FE1/0
10.0.1.1/24
10.1.0.0/24 FE0/0
10.1.0.1/24
R1
10.0.1.0/24
FE2/0
10.0.2.0/24 10.0.2.1/24

10.0.0.0/8 is NOT advertised


EIGRP Configuration Example - network
R1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 0.0.255.255

Interface FE1/0 and FE2/0 fall within this range, FE0/0 does not
EIGRP will be enabled on FE1/0 and FE2/0 and the router will peer with
adjacent EIGRP routers
Networks advertised: FE1/0
10.0.1.1/24
10.0.1.0/24 FE0/0
10.1.0.1/24
R1
10.0.2.0/24
FE2/0
10.1.0.0/24 is NOT advertised 10.0.2.1/24

10.0.0.0/16 is NOT advertised


EIGRP Configuration Example - network
Two different configurations, same result:

R1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0

R1(config-router)# network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255


R1(config-router)# network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config-router)# network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255
FE1/0
10.0.1.1/24
FE0/0
10.1.0.1/24
R1

FE2/0
10.0.2.1/24
EIGRP Configuration Example - network
Two different configurations, same result:

R1(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0

R1(config-router)# network 10.1.0.1 0.0.0.0


R1(config-router)# network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0
R1(config-router)# network 10.0.2.1 0.0.0.0
FE1/0
10.0.1.1/24
FE0/0
10.1.0.1/24
R1

FE2/0
10.0.2.1/24
EIGRP Router ID
EIGRP routers identify themselves using an EIGRP Router ID which is in
the form of an IP address.
This will default to being the highest IP address of any loopback
interfaces configured on the router, or the highest other IP address if a
loopback does not exist.
Loopback interfaces never go down so the Router ID will not change.
You can also manually specify the Router ID.
Best practice is to use a Loopback or manually set the Router ID.
EIGRP Router ID – No Loopback
R1#sh ip int brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 10.0.0.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet1/0 10.0.1.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet2/0 10.0.2.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet3/0 10.0.3.1 YES NVRAM up up

R1#show ip protocols
*** IP Routing is NSF aware ***

Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"


Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP-IPv4 Protocol for AS(100)
Metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
NSF-aware route hold timer is 240
Router-ID: 10.0.3.1
Topology : 0 (base)
Active Timer: 3 min
Distance: internal 90 external 170
Maximum path: 4
Maximum hopcount 100
Maximum metric variance 1
EIGRP Router ID - Loopback
R1#sh ip int brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 10.0.0.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet1/0 10.0.1.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet2/0 10.0.2.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet3/0 10.0.3.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up If a loopback or higher IP
R1#sh ip proto
*** IP Routing is NSF aware ***
address is configured after
EIGRP has been set up, the
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Router ID will change on
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates EIGRP process restart.
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP-IPv4 Protocol for AS(100)
Metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
NSF-aware route hold timer is 240
Router-ID: 1.1.1.1
Topology : 0 (base)
Active Timer: 3 min
Distance: internal 90 external 170
Maximum path: 4
Maximum hopcount 100
Maximum metric variance 1
EIGRP Router ID – Manually Configured
R1(config-router)#router eigrp 100
R1(config-router)#eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2

R1#sh ip proto
*** IP Routing is NSF aware ***

Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"


Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP-IPv4 Protocol for AS(100)
Metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
NSF-aware route hold timer is 240
Router-ID: 2.2.2.2
Topology : 0 (base)
Active Timer: 3 min
Distance: internal 90 external 170
Maximum path: 4
Maximum hopcount 100
Maximum metric variance 1

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