LEARNING LINKS ACADEMY MODULE DESIGN

TEACHER: Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño SUBJECT: Computer

MODULE 1: Introduction to ICT ACADEMIC YEAR: 2019 – 2020
NO. OF WEEKS:

CONTENT STANDARD:

The learners are able to demonstrate a deeper understanding computers and its key concepts and importance.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD:

The learners will apply the key concepts they’ve learned in understanding and appreciating ICT by using basic programs with ease.

CONTENT:

ICT or Information Communication Technology is the infrastructure and components that enable modern computing. Though there is no universal meaning for ICT, it
mainly describes the means of using and describing devices, using network components, application and system requirements, and combining them with the people/organization
and interacts with the digital world. In our modern generation, with children who are very into the use of technology, we still must educate them on the basic knowledge, history
and usages of old and modern tech. Though our children may be much more "advance" when it comes to usage of modern applications, they still needs to learn the basics to be
able to appreciate what they have today.

This module covers the basics concept and principles of ICT from history, usage, improvement to proper posture and ergonomics to finally, usage and understanding of
basic programs and applications.

STAGE 1: ESTABLISHING DESIRED RESULTS

TRANSFER GOAL

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 Students should be able to identify and use the computer independently with minimal to no supervision.

OVERARCHING ENDURING UNDERSTANDING (EU):

Students will understand that in today’s age of computers, being updated is not a basis of digital knowledge. They must also know the different types of computers, proper way and posture
of using computers and how to masterly use the basic programs of a computer.

KNOWLEDGE SKILLS ATTITUDES

The learners will be able to do the following:
The learners will know the following: The learners should internalize the following key
1. Distinguish different kinds of computers based from their
1. What is a computer uses attitudes:
2. What are the different kinds of computers 2. Show the proper way of using the computer 1. Follow the correct procedure in using the
3. What are the basic programs that one should know 3. Choose and use the different basic applications based from computer
what they need. 2. Plan and manage their time well
3. Have a clear understanding of what they need
to do what they need to use
4. Accept constructive criticism and input from
others

ASSESSMENT EVIDENCE

FINAL PRODUCT OR PERFORMANCE

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1st Trimester, AY 2015-2016
Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
 PERFORMANCE OR TRANSFER TASK

You are in a business firm or company and you need to present something for the meeting. what you will be presenting is one of the following:
1. Product proposal presentation
2. Sales and losses for the year
They are starting to consider your product to be one of the standards in their business. Your aim is create an effective presentation of the product for it to be part of the standard sales.

You are asked to: (a) Create an effective presentation of a certain product in mind, (b) present it in a group of people who are your "business partners", (c) promote your product as clearly as possible.

The presentation will be evaluated based on its appropriateness, design, layout, appearance, organization of thoughts, and completeness of information.

GOAL – To create an effective presentation of the product for it to be part of the standard sales
ROLE – Business partner
AUDIENCE – Other business partners/bosses

PRODUCT – Product presentation and Sales and Losses

STAGE 3: LEARNING PLAN FLOW

Week 1
History of Computer
A computer is, at its basic, is an digital electronic device that combines both hardware and software which can take data and perform computations
based on those data to produce some useful information.
Data Processing
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Brief History
Timeline

Mechanical Computers
These are tools with simple mechanism powered by hand.

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Computer 6
1st Trimester, AY 2015-2016
Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
 The invention of the Abacus which was developed in China used for making calculations consisting of frame mounted with rods along which beads or balls
3000 BC are moved. From semitic “abaq” which means dust
John Napier invented Napier’s Bone, a numbered rods which can be used to multiply any number by a number from 2 to 9.
1617
Wilhelm Shickard built two early mechanical Shickard Calculators. One for his friend Kepler, was destroyed by fire and the other was lost.
1623
Blaise Pascal introduces the Pascaline, a toothed counting wheel limited to addition and subtraction of up to 8 digits with auto-carry.
1642
Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz invented the Leibniz Stepped Reckoner that uses same techniques for addition and subtraction as the Pascaline but can
1692 perform multiplication, division and square roots.

Electro-mechanical Computers
Early type of computer that uses electric motor, switches, and relays that can program and process data using punch cards.

1942 Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) was invented by John Atanasoff. The first digital computer that used binary logic circuitry and had regenerative memory.

1943 Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) was invented by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. It was the first large-scale general purpose
digital electronic computer

1944 The introduction of MARK I that could perform the four basic operation and could locate information stored in tabular form. It was fully automatic and it was
invented by Howard Aiken.

1945 Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC) was invented by John von Neumann that was designed as a stored-program computer.

1951 UNIVersal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) was the first commercial computer produced in the US principally designed by J. Presper Eckert and John
Mauchly, the inventors of ENIAC.
**Grace Hopper programmer of UNIVAC first coined the term “Bug” after the computer malfunctioned due to a moth stuck in the machine's a relay component.**

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1st Trimester, AY 2015-2016
Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
 1952 The IBM 701, known as the Defense Calculator was announced to the public and was IBM’s first commercial scientific computer and it was based in the IAS
Machine.

1956 The TX-0 (Transistor Experimental-0) is the first general-purpose programmable computer built with transistors.

1960 The typical PDP-1 computer system, by Digital Equipment Corporation includes a CRT graphic display, paper tape input/output, needs no air conditioning
and requires only one operator that become standards for minicomputers. It has the first computerized video game, SpaceWar!, as well as programs to play
music.

1981 IBM introduces its first personal computer, IBM Model 5150 was based on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used Microsoft´s MS-DOS.

Computer Generations
1st Gen 2nd Gen 3rd Gen 4th Gen 5th Gen
Circuit Vacuum tubes Transistors Integrated Circuits Microprocessors "A.I."
Size Closet/Cabinet
Room size Desktop/ minicomputers Desktop and Laptops Networked computers
(Computer size) size
**Speed
(per second Hundreds Thousands Millions Tens of Millions Billions
instructions)
Reliability
Hours Days Weeks Months Years
(Failure of Use)
**Memory
Thousands Ten thousands Hundred thousands Millions Billions
(characters)
**Item(s) may not be quantified correctly**

Classification of Computers
Special Computers - Computers that do a single task to perform
General Computers - A computer that deals with a wide range of applications and uses

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Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
 Classifications of Computers according to Size
SUPERCOMPUTERS - a.k.a Mainframe computers. Used as hosts, databases serves, transaction processors, weather forecasters and animation
rendering. Can process information at greatest speeds.
MINI COMPUTERS - Midrange computers that offers less in expense, work and performance than the Supercomputers but can still process departmental systems,
Network servers and Application Systems.
MICRO COMPUTERS - These are personal computers that are lesser in cost and smaller in size. Most popular form of computers like desktop computers and laptops
including hand held devices like tablets, smartphones and wearables.

Capabilities and Limitations of a computer

Capability Limitation
1. Can processes information very fast. 1. The computer can only do what you tell it to do.
2. The computer gives accurate results. 2. It cannot generate information on its own.
3. the computer stores large amount of data. 3. The computer will give you wrong information if you feed it with wrong data.
4. The computer enables one to restore or bring back any of his works. 4. The computer cannot correct wrong instructions
5. It is automatic
6. The computer can do two or more things at the same time
7. The computer can be improved and upgraded.

Assessment
Directions: Answer the following questions. Choose the letter of the correct answer
1. Q1
2. Q2
3. Q3

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Computer Hardware and Components
“Hardware” refers to all the parts of a computer that is tangible or you can touch.

Hardware components are further categorized as:

 System Unit
 Input Devices
 Output Devices
 Storage Devices
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1st Trimester, AY 2015-2016
Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
  Communication Devices.

Input Devices
Devices that provides/feeds the computer with information or data. These data are usually used for storage and processing.
Example:
Keyboard Mouse
Touchscreen/pad Scanner
Microphone Webcam
Output Devices
Devices that are used to bring information out of the computer. Displaying the information OUT means by seeing, hearing or by holding.
Example:
Monitors Printers Speaker
Storage Devices
Devices that are used to record or store information/data. It is either used mainly stored connected within the computer as a total part of it or by a portable storage devices that
can be disconnected.
Example:
Hard Disk Drive (HDD) Compact disk (CD) Flash Drives or Universal Serial Buses (USB)
Secured Digital Cards (SD Cards)
Communication Devices
Devices that are used by computers to communicate with each other. It is either by local network or by a larger area of connection. Some of its components are not necessarily
connected or 'part' of the computer but it is still needed to communicate with other computers
Example:
Modems Network Interface Cards Router
System Unit
Main device of the computer. It is the core component of a computer where most of the devices are connected. Parts of the system unit includes the following:
Motherboard Power Supply box Optical drives
Processors RAMs

Computer Software
Softwares are the main reason we use a computer. There are a lot of software that we can use to different needs that we have. Dividing the different
software, we have 4 classifications of software.
1. SYSTEM SOFTWARE - Consists of a group of program that control the operations of a computer, devices attached to the system unit, managing memory,
managing peripherals and it also serves as the main interface between the application software and the computer.

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1st Trimester, AY 2015-2016
Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
 2. APPLICATION SOFTWARE - It is the more specific type of software that targets a specific task that is needed to be done.
3. PROGRAMMING SOFTWARE - Software that is used by developers use to create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs, applications and
technically, softwares! Though it can be used to 'create' more software, it is relatively simple programs, that can be combined together to accomplish a task,
much as one might use multiple hand tools to fix a physical object comparing it to system software.
4. PEOPLEWARE - What are computers if there is no one to work on it? Case point, we are the peopleware. These are actual users of the computer system.
Though there is a misconception is that computers will eventually replace humans in the workplace, it may take a great deal of time for it to happen still OR
logically speaking, these kinds of programs IF done are still made by us humans!

Assessment
Directions: Write IN OU SU CD SD SS ASPS PP
1. Q1
2. Q2
3. Q3
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Desktop Elements and Ergonomics
When using the computer, the first and basic setup that can be seen on your screen is what we call the DESKTOP. Desktop is composed of 4 main
parts with some parts that be accessed within each part. We have the following parts
Icons - Small graphic images of the application it represents
Taskbar - A bar located at the bottom of the screen usually with the "Start" button/icon and other icons linked to it. Taskbar also show the
programs/applications that are opened/active.
Desktop background - The main background of the screen where you can see the icons.
Start button - A button/icon that shows all programs installed on the computer
Desktop Ergonomics
Ergonomic - relating to or designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment. Desktop ergonomics not only applies to the computer
alone but also to the person using it.
Within the Computer
One can be efficient and comfortable in a computer when there is less clutter in your desktop, "Documents" folder and even the
"Downloads" folder but generally, all files inside the computer.

5-S of Computer Ergonomics

Cleanliness
Seiso Is your workplace clean? No trash and dirt? All around? Not only on your desktop but also UNDERNEATH your desktop? Really? - Keep
your workplace clean. Not only from what you can see but also underneath you.
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Mr. Lloyd Andre G. Antiqueño
 Standardize
Seiketsu Is it remained clean? At all times? Even when you don't use it? Even when watching a film? Really? - Cleaning comes not only during or after you
use but maintaining it clean is the key to make your every use good.
Sorting
Do you have a folder named "New Folder"? How about "New Folder(1)"? "New Folder(2)"? "New Folder(5)"? How about a file name as
Seiri
"asdaasdasdasd"? Or "Assignment 1 FINAL COPY" with the files "Assignment 1" and "Assignment 1 UPDATED"? Really? - Delete what you don't
need spcially those outdated ones with a duplicate "original-file-name-just-added-a-new- line-for-making-a-new-copy-of-it" file
Proper Arrangement
Do you have songs on the movies folder? Or school files on the somewhere in the system folder? Or even hidden a file where even you can't
Seiton
find where did you put it? Really? - Lesser clutter, easier to find the file needed. Fewer files, a lot easier to memorize the file and location.

Sustain
Are you really doing all of this? Really? - Maintaining and sustaining is the key concept of law and order. You can have multiple folders and
Shitsuke
files. What's important is that you don't have MULTIPLE DUPLICATE of files that you don't really need to duplicate at all! When you have the
folder "Music" and "Songs" containing same files located in different areas of your computer, now is the time to organize your computer.

Within Yourself
How do you use the computer? How do you look? Most people experience pain and discomfort while using the computer due to poor sitting position
or improper holding the mouse or typing with the keyboard. Here are some of the tips on how can you make yourself comfortable in front of the computer.
Sitting position facing the computer
Eye level or tilted screen - Computer screen must be on eye level with the user head straight. If not possible, user's head must only
be a little tilted down with the computer screen tilted upward in line with the eye of the user. Too much bend of the user's head
down or up may cause neck problems. Stiff-neck is one!
Shoulders down - Arms must be relaxed with the elbow in level with the keyboard height. Proper use of mouse and keyboard is
that the hands should hover over these devices. Hands-to-mouse movement should be smooth, palm rest should not always
touch and rest on the table. Hands-to-keyboard movement must also be smooth that user must not drag his/her arms over the keyboard. By doing
this it is easier to move around the keyboard specially when typing.
Try doing this:
With your left hand and rest your arm on the table, press 'Z' key then the 'P' key.
With your left hand and rest your arm on the table, press 'CTRL' key and 'Y' key at the same time..
With your right hand and rest your arm on the table, press 'Enter' key of the number pad then type 'abc'
With one
Week 2

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Computer 6
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