ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABI

M.TECH.
POWER SYSTEM CONTROL AND
AUTOMATION
(Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering)

2013 – 2014

GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS)

Accredited by NAAC with A Grade with a CGPA of 3.47/4.00

Affiliated to JNTUK-Kakinada
MADHURAWADA, VISAKHAPATNAM – 530 048
 VISION

To evolve into and sustain as a Centre of

Excellence in Technological Education
and Research with a holistic approach.
 MISSION

To produce high quality engineering graduates

with the requisite theoretical and practical
knowledge and social awareness to be able to
contribute effectively to the progress of the
society through their chosen field of endeavor.

To undertake Research & Development, and

extension activities in the fields of Science and
Engineering in areas of relevance for immediate
application as well as for strengthening or
establishing fundamental knowledge.
 FOREWORD

Two batches of students have successfully completed the M.Tech.

programme under autonomous status, which gave us a lot of satisfaction
and encouragement. In the light of changing scenario of accreditation
process globally, to upkeep the quality of education further, a major
revision in the curriculum has been taken up with an objective to provide
outcome based education.

As the college is getting funds under TEQIP-II, S.C.1.2 for up-scaling

P.G education and research, two more P.G programmes in the thrust
areas are being introduced from this academic year leading to a total of
13 programmes.

We could execute these changes only with the help of the commendable
academicians, enthusiastic representatives from Industry and support
from the representatives of affiliating University JNTU-K present in the
Boards of Studies, Academic Council and Governing Body.

It is hoped that the new regulations and curriculum will enhance the all-
round ability of students so that they can technically compete at global
level with native ethical standards.

PRINCIPAL
 MEMBERS ON THE BOARD OF STUDIES
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Prof. N.K. Kishore,

Professor of E.E.E., IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur – 721 302.
Sri M.V.R. Krishna Rao,
AGM (ETL), Electro-Technical Lab., IADRS Building, Visakhapatnam
Steel Plant, Visakhapatnam – 530 031.

Dr. C. Radhakrishna,
Global Energy Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd., 101, Avanthi
Apartments, St. No.8, Vivekananda Nagar, Hubsiguda, Secundurabad.

Dr. K. Shanti Swarup,

ESB 349B, Department of Electrical Engg., IIT Madras, Chennai.

Dr. Ch. Sai Babu,

Professor in Electrical Engg., & Director, Academic & Planning, JNT
University, Kakinada – 533 003.

Dr. M. Sydulu,
Professor in Electrical & Electronics Engg., National Institute of
Technology (NIT), Warangal – 506 004.

Prof. K. A. Gopala Rao,

Principal, GVP College of Engg. for Women, Madhurawada,
Visakhapatnam.

Sri T. Srinivas Kishore,

Assistant Professor, Department of E.E.E., G.M.R.I.T., Rajam.

All the Faculty Members of the Department

GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

M.TECH. ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

(Effective for the students admitted into first year from the Academic Year 2013 - 14)

The M.Tech. Degree of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University

Kakinada shall be recommended to be conferred on candidates who are
admitted to the program and fulfill all the following requirements for the
award of the Degree.

1.0 ELGIBILITY FOR ADMISSION:

Admission to the above program shall be made subject to the
eligibility, qualifications and specialization as per the guidelines
prescribed by the APSCHE and AICTE from time to time.

2.0 AWARD OF M.TECH. DEGREE:

a. A student shall be declared eligible for the award of the M.Tech.
degree, if he pursues a course of study and completes it
successfully for not less than two academic years and not more
than four academic years.

b. A student, who fails to fulfill all the academic requirements for

the award of the Degree within four academic years from the
year of his admission, shall forfeit his seat in M.Tech. Course.

c. The duration of each semester shall normally be 20 weeks with

5 days a week. A working day shall have 7 periods each of
50 minutes.

3.0 STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME:

Semester No. of Courses per Semester Credits
Theory + Lab
I (5 +1*) + 1 20
II (5+1*) + 1 20
III Seminar 02
III, IV Project Work 40
TOTAL 82
*Elective
1
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

4.0 ATTENDANCE:
The attendance shall be considered subject wise.
a. A candidate shall be deemed to have eligibility to write his end
semester examinations in a subject if he has put in at least 75%
of attendance in that subject.
b. Shortage of attendance up to 10% in any subject (i.e. 65% and
above and below 75%) may be condoned by a Committee on
genuine and valid reasons on representation by the candidate
with supporting evidence.
c. Shortage of attendance below 65% shall in no case be
condoned.
d. A student who gets less than 65% attendance in a maximum of
two subjects in any semester shall not be permitted to take the
end- semester examination in which he/she falls short. His/her
registration for those subjects will be treated as cancelled. The
student shall re-register and repeat those subjects as and when
they are offered next.
e. If a student gets less than 65% attendance in more than two
subjects in any semester he/she shall be detained and has to
repeat the entire semester.

5.0 EVALUATION:
The performance of the candidate in each semester shall be
evaluated subject-wise with 100 marks for each theory subject
and 100 marks for each practical, on the basis of Internal
Evaluation and External End -Semester Examination.
The question paper of the external end semester examination
shall be set externally and valued both internally and externally.
If the difference between the first and second valuations is less
than or equal to 9 marks, the better of the two valuations shall
be awarded. If the difference is more than 9 marks, the scripts
are referred to third valuation and the corresponding marks are
awarded.
a. A candidate shall be deemed to have secured the minimum
academic requirement in a subject if he secures a minimum of
40% of marks in the End Semester Examination and aggregate
minimum of 50% of the total marks of the End Semester
Examination and Internal Evaluation taken together.
2
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

b. For the theory subjects, 60 marks shall be awarded based on the

performance in the End Semester examination and 40 marks
shall be awarded based on the Internal Evaluation. One part of
the internal evaluation shall be made based on the average of the
marks secured in the two internal examinations of 30 marks
each conducted one in the middle of the Semester and the other
immediately after the completion of instruction. Each mid-term
examination shall be conducted for a duration of 120 minutes
with 4 questions without any choice. The remaining 10 marks
are awarded through an average of continuous evaluation of
assignments / seminars / any other method, as notified by the
teacher at the beginning of the semester.
c. For practical subjects, 50 marks shall be awarded based on the
performance in the End Semester Examinations, 50 marks shall
be awarded based on the day-to-day performance as Internal
marks. A candidate has to secure a minimum of 50% in the
external examination and has to secure a minimum of 50% on
the aggregate to be declared successful.
d. There shall be a seminar presentation during III semester. For
seminar, a student under the supervision of a faculty
member(advisor), shall collect the literature on a topic and
critically review the literature and submit it to the Department in
a report form and shall make an oral presentation before the
Departmental Committee. The Departmental Committee shall
consist of the Head of the Department, advisor and two other
senior faculty members of the department. For Seminar, there
will be only internal evaluation of 50 marks. A candidate has to
secure a minimum of 50% to be declared successful.
e. In case the candidate does not secure the minimum academic
requirement in any subject (as specified in 5.a to 5.c), he has to
reappear for the End Examination in that subject. A candidate
shall be given one chance to re-register for each subject
provided the internal marks secured by a candidate in that
subject is less than 50% and he has failed in the end
examination. In such a case, the candidate must re-register for
the subject (s). In the event of re-registration, the internal marks
and end examination marks obtained in the previous attempt are
nullified.
3
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

f. In case the candidate secures less than the required attendance

in any subject(s), he shall not be permitted to appear for the End
Examination in those subject(s). He shall re-register for the
subject(s) when they are next offered.
g. Laboratory examination for M.Tech. subjects must be
conducted with two Examiners, one of them being Laboratory
Class Teacher and second examiner shall be other than the
Laboratory Teacher.

6.0 EVALUATION OF PROJECT / DISSERTATION WORK:

Every candidate shall be required to submit the thesis or
dissertation after taking up a topic approved by the
Departmental Research Committee (DRC).
a. A Departmental Research Committee (DRC) shall be
constituted with the Head of the Department as the Chairman
and two senior faculty as Members to oversee the proceedings
of the project work from allotment of project topic to
submission of the thesis.
b. A Central Research Committee (CRC) shall be constituted with
a Senior Professor as Chair Person, Heads of the Departments
which are offering the M.Tech. programs and two other senior
faculty members from the same department.
c. Registration of Project Work: A candidate is permitted to
register for the project work after satisfying the attendance
requirement of all the subjects (theory and practical subjects.)
d. After satisfying 6.0 c, a candidate has to submit, in consultation
with his project supervisor, the title, objective and plan of action
of his project work to the DRC for its approval. Only after
obtaining the approval of DRC the student can initiate the
Project work.
e. If a candidate wishes to change his supervisor or topic of the
project he can do so with the approval of the DRC. However,
the Departmental Research Committee shall examine whether
the change of topic/supervisor leads to a major change in his
initial plans of project proposal. If so, his date of registration
for the Project work shall start from the date of change of
Supervisor or topic as the case may be whichever is earlier.
4
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
f. A candidate shall submit and present the status report in two
stages at least with a gap of 3 months between them after
satisfying 6.0 d. The DRC has to approve the status report, for
the candidate to proceed with the next stage of work.
g. The work on the project shall be initiated in the beginning of the
second year and the duration of the project is for two semesters.
A candidate shall be permitted to submit his dissertation only
after successful completion of all theory and practical subject
with the approval of CRC but not earlier than 40 weeks from the
date of registration of the project work. For the approval by
CRC the candidate shall submit the draft copy of the thesis to
the Principal through the concerned Head of the Department and
shall make an oral presentation before the CRC.
h. Three copies of the dissertation certified by the Supervisor shall
be submitted to the College after approval by the CRC.
i. For the purpose of adjudication of the dissertation, an external
examiner shall be selected by the Principal from a panel of 5
examiners who are experienced in that field proposed by the
Head of the Department in consultation with the supervisor.
j. The viva-voce examination shall be conducted by a board
consisting of the supervisor, Head of the Department and the
external examiner. The board shall jointly report the candidate‟s
work as:
A. Excellent
B. Good
C. Satisfactory
k. If the adjudication report is not favorable, the candidate shall
revise and resubmit the dissertation, in a time frame prescribed
by the CRC. If the adjudication report is unfavorable again, the
dissertation shall be summarily rejected and the candidate shall
change the topic of the Project and go through the entire process
afresh.

7.0 AWARD OF DEGREE AND CLASS :

A candidate shall be eligible for the degree if he satisfies the
minimum academic requirements in every subject and secures
satisfactory or higher grade report on his dissertation and viva-
voce.
5
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

After a student has satisfied the requirements prescribed for the

completion of the program and is eligible for the award of M.Tech.
Degree, he shall be placed in one of the following three classes.

% of Marks secured Class Awarded

70% and above First Class with Distinction
60% and above but less than 70% First Class
50% and above but less than 60% Second Class

The grade of the dissertation shall be mentioned in the marks

memorandum.

8.0 WITHHOLDING OF RESULTS:

If the candidate has not paid any dues to the college or if any case
of indiscipline is pending against him, the result of the candidate
shall be withheld and he will not be allowed into the next higher
semester. The recommendation for the issue of the degree shall be
liable to be withheld in all such cases.

9.0 TRANSITORY REGULATIONS:

a. A candidate who has discontinued or has been detained for
want of attendance or who has failed after having studied the
subject is eligible for admission to the same or equivalent
subject(s) as and when subject(s) is/are offered, subject to 4.0
d, e and 2.0.
b. Credit equivalences shall be drawn for the students re-
admitted into 2013 regulations from the earlier regulations. A
Student has to register for the substitute / compulsory / pre-
requisite subjects identified by the respective Boards of
Studies.
c. The student has to register for substitute subjects, attend the
classes and qualify in examination and earn the credits.
d. The student has to register for compulsory subjects, attend
the classes and qualify in examination.
e. The student has to register for the pre-requisite courses,
attend the classes for which the evaluation is totally internal.

6
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

10.0 GENERAL

1. The academic regulations should be read as a whole for

purpose of any interpretation.

2. In case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the

above rules, the decision of the Chairman, Academic
Council is final.

3. The College may change or amend the academic regulations

and syllabus at any time and the changes amendments made
shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the
date notified by the College.

4. Wherever the word he, him or his occur, it will also include
she, hers.

******

7
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

COURSE STRUCTURE
SEMESTER - I

Course THEORY/LAB L P C
Code
13EE2101 Power Generation, Operation and Control 4 - 3
13EE2102 Advanced Power System Protection 4 - 3
13EE2103 Real Time Control of Power Systems 4 - 3
13EE2104 Power Electronic Applications to Power 4 - 3
Systems
13EE2105 Distribution Automation 4 - 3
Elective – I 4 - 3
13EE2106 1. Modeling & Simulation of Power
Electronic Systems
13EE2107 2. Advanced Digital Control Systems
13EE2108 3. Power System Reliability
13EE2109 Power System & Simulation Lab-I - 3 2
TOTAL 24 3 20

SEMESTER – II

Course THEORY/LAB L P C
Code
13EE2110 Power System Control & Stability 4 - 3
13EE2111 Power Quality Management 4 - 3
13EE2112 Power System Optimization 4 - 3
13EE2113 Soft Computing Techniques 4 - 3
13EE2114 Restructured Power Systems 4 - 3
Elective – II 4 - 3
13EE2115 1. Distributed Generation
13EE2116 2. Real Time Concepts of Embedded
Systems
13EE2213 3. Dynamics of Electrical Machines
13EE2117 Power System & Simulation Lab-II - 3 2
TOTAL 24 3 20

8
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

SEMESTER – III
Course Code SEMINAR/ PROJECT WORK CREDITS
13EE2118 SEMINAR 2
13EE2119 PROJECT WORK (Contd..) -

SEMESTER – IV
Course code PROJECT WORK CREDITS
13EE2119 PROJECT WORK 40

9
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER GENERATION, OPERATION AND CONTROL

Course Code: 13EE2101 L P C

4 0 3
Pre requisites: Power Generation Engineering, Power
Transmission Engineering and Power System Operation and Control.
Course Educational Objectives:
1. To introduce Unit Commitment problem, its constraints and solutions
using optimization techniques.
2. To explain load frequency control and estimate the frequency
deviation through modeling and reducing the error through control
system design for single area as well as interconnected systems.
3. To identify various methods of voltage control and study the reactive
power compensation of transmission system.
4. To explain power system security and analyze the same using
contingency analysis and introduce state estimation concepts for real-
time control applications.
5. To obtain optimal power flow solution using Gradient method and
Newton‟s Method.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
1. Solve Unit Commitment problem using simple priority list scheme
and dynamic programming technique for a given power system.
2. Estimate the frequency deviation for a given change of load and
design control systems for making steady-state frequency error to
zero.
3. Select appropriate voltage control techniques for improving voltage
profile in a transmission system.
4. Estimate system security level using contingency analysis and
understand state estimation.
5. Solve optimal power flow problem using Gradient Method and
Newton‟s Method.
UNIT-I
UNIT COMMITMENT - Introduction, Constraints in Unit
Commitment - Spinning Reserve, Thermal Unit Constraints, Other
Constraints, Hydro-Constraints, Must Run, Fuel Constraints; Unit
Commitment Solution Methods - Priority-List Methods, Forward
Dynamic Programming Approach, Backward Dynamic Programming
Approach and Lagrange Relaxation Solution.
10
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
UNIT-II
CONTROL OF ACTIVE POWER
Active Power and Frequency Control, Control of Generating Unit
Power Output, Composite Characteristics of Power Systems, Response
Rates of Turbine-Governing Systems, Fundamentals of Automatic
Generation Control, Implementation of AGC, Under frequency Load
Shedding.
UNIT-III
CONTROL OF RECTIVE POWER
Reactive Power and Voltage Control – Production and Absorption of
Reactive Power, Methods of Voltage Control, Shunt Reactors, Shunt
Capacitors, Series Capacitors, Synchronous Condensers, Static Var
Systems; Principles of Transmission System Compensation.
UNIT-IV
POWER SYSTEM SECURITY AND STATE ESTIMATION
Introduction, factors Affecting Power System Security, Contingency
Analysis: Detection of Network Problems - Overview of Security
Analysis, Linear Sensitivity Factors, AC Power Flow Methods,
Contingency Selection, Concentric Relaxation, Bounding.
Power System State Estimation, Maximum Likelihood Weighted Least-
Squares Estimation - Maximum Likelihood Concepts, Matrix
Formulation, State Estimation of an AC Network - Development of
Method, Typical Results of State Estimation on an AC Network.
UNIT-V
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW
Introduction, Solution of the Optimal Power Flow, The Gradient
Method, Newton‟s Method; Linear Sensitivity Analysis. – Sensitivity
coefficients of an AC Network Model.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Allen J.Wood and Bruce F.Wollenberg, “Power Generation,
Operation and Control”,2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1996.
2. P.Kundur, “Power System Stability and Control”, McGraw-Hill
Inc, 1997.
REFERENCES:
1. Olle E.Elgerd, “Electrical Energy Systems Theory – An
introduction” 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 1983.
2. T.J.E.Miller, “Reactive Power Control in Electric Systems”, Wiley,
1982.
11
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

Course Code:13EE2102 LP C
4 0 3
Pre requisites: Switchgear and Protection.
Course Educational Objectives:
1. To study different types of static over current and distance relays
characteristics.
2. To study principles and algorithms of digital relaying for protection
of power systems.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able
to have knowledge in
1. Static relays and comparison of static and electromagnetic relays.
2. Various types of static distance relays and characteristics.
3. Protection of alternator and transformer.
4. Various types of microprocessor based protective relays.
5. Various types of DSP based protective relays.

UNIT-I STATIC RELAYS:

Basic construction of static relays, Classification of protective
schemes, Comparison of Static relays with electromagnetic relays,
Amplitude comparator, Phase comparator, Principle of Duality.
AMPLITUDE AND PHASE COMPARATORS (2-INPUT):
Rectifier bridge circulating and opposed Voltage type- Averaging -
phase splitting type -Sampling type of amplitude Comparison. Block
spike type-Phase splitting type- Transistor integrating type-Rectifier
bridge type- Vector product type Phase comparison.
UNIT-II
STATIC OVER CURRENT RELAYS:
Instantaneous- Definite time – Inverse time- Directional- IDMT- Very
inverse Time-Extremely inverse time over current relays. Time current
characteristics of over current relays-applications.
DISTANCE PROTECTION:
Impedance Relay: operating principle- relay Characteristic-Protective
Schemes-Static Impedance Relay- Static reactance relay- static MHO
relay-effect of arc resistance, effect of power surges, effect of line length
and source impedance on performance of distance relays-Quadrilateral
relay – Elliptical relay - selection of distance relays.
12
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
UNIT-III PILOT RELAYING SCHEMES:
Wire pilot protection: circulating current scheme- balanced voltage
scheme-translay scheme-half wave comparison scheme- Carrier current
protection: phase comparison type-carrier aided distance protection-
operational comparison of transfer trip and blocking schemes-optical
fiber channels.
UNIT-IV AC MACHINES AND BUS ZONE PROTECTION:
Protection of Alternators: stator protection-rotor protection-over voltage
protection-over speed protection-Transformer protection: earth faults in
transformers-percentage differential protection-protection against
magnetic inrush current-generator and transformer unit protection-Bus
zone protection: differential current protection-high impedance relay
scheme-frame leakage protection.
UNIT-V
MICROPROCESSOR AND DSP BASED PROTECTIVE
RELAYS:
MP based: Introduction-over current relays-Impedance relay-
Directional relay-Reactance relay.
Numerical Protection: Introduction, numerical relay, Comparison of
Numerical relays with static relays Data acquisition System, Numerical
relaying algorithms- Mann-Morrison technique, differential equation
technique, Discrete Fourier transform technique:
DSP based: Digital signal processing –digital filtering in protection
relays- – digital data transmission– relay hardware – relay algorithms.
Concepts of modern coordinated control system.
Text Books:
1. Badri Ram & D.N.Vishwakarma, “Power System Protection &
Switchgear”, 2nd edition, Tata McGraw – Hill, 2011(Unit-I to V)
2. The Electricity Training Association, “Power System Protection”,
Vol1-4, The IEE, U.K., 1995. (Part of Unit-V).
Reference Books:
1. Madhava Rao T.S, “Power System Protection, Static Relays with
Microprocessor and Applications”, 2nd edition, TMH, 2008.
2. Lewis Blackburn, J., “Protective Relaying – Principles and
Applications”, Marcel Dekkar, INC, New York, 2006.
3. Stanley, H.Horowitz (ED), “Protective relaying for power
systems II”, IEEE Press, 1992.
4. Warrington and Coll, “Protective Relays”. Vol I & II.
13
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
REAL TIME CONTROL OF POWER SYSTEM

Course Code:13EE2103 L P C
4 0 3
Pre requisites: Power system operation and control.

Course Educational Objectives:

1. To familiarize with SCADA.
2. Understand the operation of power system.
3. To apply real time software for power system control.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
1. Learn various activities of operator.
2. Understand about Supervisory control and data acquisition.
3. Real time software and state estimation.
4. Understand Security management.

UNIT-I
Power system control-operation, operator activities, control center,
elements of computer control system Supervisory and control functions
– data acquisition, monitoring and event processing, control functions

UNIT-II
Time tagged data, disturbance data collection and analysis, reports and
calculations. Man-machine communication – operators console, VDU
display, operator dialogs, mimic diagrams, printing facilities

UNIT-III
Real time software – Classification of programs, Structure of real time
programs, construction techniques and tools, Programming language
requirements for process control

UNIT-IV
Computer control of power systems – Evolution, time scale of system
control, online control, Software for state estimation, Generation and
load control, security analysis, Software coordination

14
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

UNIT-V
Application functions- real time network modeling, security
management: system security, security analysis functions, security
modeling; production control: load prediction, local control, automatic
generation control, economic dispatch, training simulators.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Torsten Cegrell, “Power system Control-Technology”,Prentice
Hall., 1986.

2. S. Bennett and D.A. Linkens,“Real Time Computer Control”,

IEE Series., London Pcregrinus, 1984.

15
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS TO POWER
SYSTEMS

Course Code:13EE2104 LP C
4 0 3
Pre requisites: Power Electronics & Power Systems

Course Educational Objectives:

The students shall be exposed to application of power electronics, to
High Voltage Direct Current HVDC) and FACTS (Flexible AC
Transmission Systems) in the power transmission area.

Course Outcomes: After Completion of this Course, the Student will

be able to
1. Analyze the Operation of the Graetz circuit.
2. Design the Filter for respective Harmonics
3. Analyze the Harmonics
4. Understand the operations of various FACTS Devices

UNIT-I : BASIC CONCEPTS

Introduction, Comparison of AC and DC Transmission (Economics of
power transmission, Technical performance and Reliability),
Application of DC transmission, Description of DC transmission system
(Types of DC links and Converter station), Planning for HVDC
transmission, Modern trends in HVDC technology.

UNIT-II : ANALYSIS OF HVDC CONVERTERS

Introduction, Analysis of Graetz circuit – with grid control but no
overlap-with grid control and overlap less than 600 -relationship
between AC and DC quantities-equivalent circuit of rectifier, Inversion-
equation of average direct current and voltage in terms of β and γ –
equivalent circuit of inverter, 12 Pulse converters-relations between AC
and DC quantities-modified equivalent circuit.

UNIT-III
HVDC SYSTEM CONTROL&HARMONICS AND FILTERS:
Basic means of control-desired features of control-actual control
characteristics-constant minimum ignition angle control-constant current
16
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
control-constant extinction angle control-tap changer control-power
control and current limits, System control hierarchy, firing angle control-
IPC-EPC. Introduction, Generation of harmonics (Characteristics and
Non characteristics harmonics), Design of AC filters (design and types
of filters), Passive AC- filters, DC filters (Criteria of Design and Passive
DC Filters), Active Filters.

UNIT-IV
FACTS CONCEPTS & STATIC SHUNT COMPENSATION:
Transmission interconnections power flow in an AC system, loading
capability limits, Dynamic stability considerations, importance of
controllable parameters, basic types of FACTS controllers, Benefits
from FACTS controllers. Objectives of Shunt Compensation, midpoint
voltage regulation voltage instability prevention, Improvement of
transient stability, Power oscillation damping, Methods of controllable
VAR generation, variable impedance type static VAR generators
switching converter type VAR generators hybrid VAR generators.

UNIT-V
STATIC SERIES COMPENSATORS: Concept of series capacitive
compensation, Improvement of transient stability, power oscillation
damping, subsynchronous oscillation damping. Functional requirements
of GTO Thyristor controlled series capacitor (GCSC), Thyristor
switched series capacitor (TSSC), and thyristor controlled series
capacitor (TCSC) control schemes for GCSC TSSC and TCSC.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. K.R. PADIYAR,” HVDC Transmission Systems” 2nd edition (in
Two Colour) , New Age International publishers 2012.

2. N.G. Hingorani and L. Gyugui “Understanding FACTS Concepts

and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems”, B.S.
Publications, Indian Reprint 2000.

17
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

REFERENCES:
1. E.Uhlmann, “Power Transmission by Direct Current”, Springer 1st
edition 2012.

2. Vijay K. Sood, “HVDC and FACTS Controller: Application of

Static Converters in power systems”, IEEE Power Electronics and
Power Systems series, Kluwer Academic publishers, Boston, First
edition January 2004.

3. E.W. Kimbark “Direct Current Transmission”, Wiley Inter

Science-New York, 1971.

4. R.Mohan Mathur, Rajiv K Varma, “Thyristor based FACTS

Controller for Electrical Power Systems” , John Wiley Sons,2011.

5. X.P.Zhang, C.Rehtanz, B.Pal “Flexible AC Transmission System

Modeling and Control” Springer,2006

18
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION

Course Code: 13EE2105 LP C

4 0 3
Pre requisites: Basic knowledge of electrical power
distribution systems.

Course Educational Objectives:

1. To gain the awareness of the problems and challenges of the
present day distribution sector
2. To gain the knowledge of Principles of Distribution Automation
(DA)
3. To gain the knowledge of various communication technologies
available for DA
4. To clearly understand the Technical Benefits of automation of
distribution system
5. To gain the knowledge of principles of various Economic
Evaluation Methods of DA.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
1. Select appropriate Communication Technology for various parts of
Distribution System for their automation.
2. Consider all factors for formulation of the Benefit Estimation
Equation for estimating DA Benefits.
3. Choose appropriate method for Economic Evaluation of DA plans.

UNIT-I
DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION AND THE UTILITY SYSTEM:
Introduction to Distribution Automation (DA), Control System
Interfaces, Control and Data Requirements, Centralized (Vs)
Decentralized Control, DA System (DAS), DA Hardware, DAS
Software.
UNIT-II DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS:
DA Capabilities, Automation System Computer Facilities, Management
Processes, Information Management, System Reliability Management,
System Efficiency Management, Voltage Management, Load
Management, Management Process (Function) Interaction, Operating
and Objective Priorities.
19
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
UNIT-III COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FOR DA:
DA Communication Requirements - Communication Reliability, Cost
Effectiveness, Data Rate Requirements, Two Way Capability, Ability to
communicate during outages and faults, Ease of Operation and
Maintenance, Conforming to the Architecture of Data Flow.
Communication Systems used in DA - Distribution Line Carrier (Power
line carrier), Ripple Control, Zero Crossing Technique, Telephone,
Cable TV, Radio, AM Broadcast, FM SCA, VHF Radio, UHF Radio,
Microwave, Satellite, Fibre Optics, Hybrid Communication Systems,
Communication Systems used in Field Tests.

UNIT-IV TECHNICAL BENEFITS:

DA Benefit Categories, Capital Deferred Savings, Operation and
Maintenance Savings, Interruption Related Savings, Customer-related
Savings, Operational Savings, Improved Operation, Function Benefits,
Potential Benefits for Functions, Function-shared Benefits, Guidelines
for Formulation of Estimating Equations, Parameters Required,
Economic Impact Areas, Resources for determining benefits,
Integration of System Benefits into Economic Evaluation, Impact of
DA on Distribution System.

UNIT-V ECONOMIC EVALUATION METHODS:

Development and Evaluation of Alternate Plans, Select Study Area,
Select Study Period, Project Load Growth, Develop Alternatives,
Calculate Operation and Maintenance Costs, Evaluate Alternatives.
Economic Comparison of Alternate Plans: Classification of Expenses
and Capital Expenditures, Comparison of Revenue Requirements of
Alternative Plans, Book Life and Continuing Plant Analysis, Year-by-
Year Revenue Requirement Analysis, Short Term Analysis, End of
Study Adjustment, Break-Even Analysis, Sensitivity Analysis, Major
Steps in Utility Economic Evaluation of DA (Flow-Chart)
Computational Aids.

Text Book:

1. D. Bassett, K. Clinard, J. Grainger, S. Purucker, and D. Ward,

“Tutorial Course: Distribution Automation”, IEEE Tutorial
Publication 88EH0280-8-PWR, 1988.
20
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

Reference Books:

1) James Northcote-Green, Robert Wilson “Control and Automation of

Electrical Power Distribution Systems” CRC Press, Taylor and
Francis Group, 2007.

2) James A. Momoh “Electric Power Distribution, Automation,

Protection, and Control”, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, „07.

3) S Dr.M.K. Khedkar and Dr.G.M.Dhole,” A Textbook of Electric

Power Distribution Automation”, University Science Press (Laxmi
Publications Pvt. Ltd.), 2011.

21
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF POWER ELECTRONIC
SYSTEMS
(ELECTIVE-I)
Course Code: 13EE2106 L P C
4 0 3

Pre requisites: This course requires Knowledge of different Power

Semiconductor Devices and Power Converters and should possess an in-
depth understanding of operational aspects of dc/ ac rotating machines.

Course Educational Objectives:

It is to help understand the modeling analysis and performance of
electric drive systems fed from PE converters as per system design
concepts.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
get
1. Knowledge in modeling and analysis of Power semiconductor
devices and Power Electronic converters.
2. Knowledge in Power Electronic Converter fed DC & AC drives
system and their application to different Industrial needs.

UNIT-I
INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF MODELING OF POWER
ELECTRONIC DEVICES:
Overview and modeling of Power Electronic (PE) devices: Diodes,
Thyristors, IGBTs, MOSFET; Comparison of switching characteristics
of various devices, Transient and Steady state behaviour of PE devices.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF PE CONVERTERS:
Challenges in Computer Simulation; Solution techniques for time
domain simulation; widely used circuits and / or system oriented
simulators. Choice of a simulator

UNIT-II
SIMULATION OF AC/ DC CONVERTERS:
Modeling of controlled and uncontrolled ac/ dc converters; single-
phase & 3- phase ac/dc converters; other topologies for ripple current
minimization and power factor improvement.
22
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

SWITCH-MODE DC / DC POWER SUPPLIES:

Modeling & Simulation of dc/dc converters such as Buck, Boost, Buck-
Boost, Cuk and Full bridge dc/dc Converters.

UNIT-III
MODELING & SIMULATION OF DC MOTOR DRIVE
SYSTEMS:
Equivalent circuits for DC motors, DC motors with a separately excited
field winding, DC servo drives and their control, Adjustable speed dc
drives, Effect of discontinuous current, Field weakening effects.

UNIT-IV
MODELING & SIMULATION OF INDUCTION DRIVE
SYSTEMS:
Induction motor characteristics at rated frequency and rated voltage,
simulation of variable frequency voltage source square wave / PWM
drives, CSI drive simulation

UNIT-V
MODELING & SIMULATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
DRIVE SYSTEMS:
Principles of synchronous motor operation; Brushless dc motor drive
operation, synchronous motor servo drive simulation, Load commutated
synchronous motor drive.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. M. B. Patil, V. Ramanarayanan, V.T.Ranganathan,
M.C.Chandorkar” Simulation of Power Converters”,1st edition,
Narosa Publishers,2010.
2. V. Rajagopalan, “ Modeling & Simulation of PE systems”, Marcel
Dekkar Inc.

REFERENCES:
1. Ned Mohan,T.M.Undeland and William P.Robbins: “Power
Electronics: Converters,
Applications”, 3rd Edition, John Wiley&Sons,2009.

23
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
ADVANCED DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
(ELECTIVE-I)
Course Code: 13EE2107 L P C
4 0 3
Pre requisites: Mathematics, Networks, Control Systems.
Course Educational Objectives:
1. To study the State Space and stability analysis of digital control
system.
2. To equip the basic knowledge about the design of digital control
systems for different
Engineering models using Conventional Techniques.
3. To equip the students with the basic knowledge about Pole
placement techniques.
4. To equip the students with the basic knowledge about state
observers.
5. To equip the students with the basic knowledge about Linear
Quadratic Regulators –Riccati Equation.
6. To equip the students with the basic knowledge of State Estimation
Using Kalman Filter.
7. To equip the students with the basic knowledge about adaptive
control.
8. To equip the students with the basic knowledge of digital
simulation and DSP Processors.
Course Outcomes:
1. This course provides a foundation in discrete-time linear control
system theory.
2. Analyzing, design, and synthesize digital control systems using
transform techniques (root locus and frequency response) and
state-space methods (pole-assignment and state estimation).
3. Analyzing and understanding the challenges to interface digital
computing devices with the Analog dynamics of most real-world
systems.
4. Evaluating and setting the necessary specifications for analog
systems that are to be controlled by digital computing devices.
5. Designing digital devices to satisfy given specifications and to
achieve desired system-behavior.
6. Understanding the Basic Concepts of Microprocessor control of
control systems and custom designed chips like Galil DMC-105
24
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
UNIT-I
STATE SPACE ANALYSIS
State space representation of discrete time systems, pulse transfer
function matrix, solving discrete time state space equations, state
transition matrix and its properties methods for computation of state
transition matrix, discretization of continuous time state-space equations
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Stability analysis of closed loop systems in the Z-plane, Jury stability
criterion test-Stability analysis by use of the bilinear transformation and
routh stability criterion. Stability analysis using liapunov theorems

UNIT-II
DESIGN OF DISCRETE TIME CONTROL SYSTEM BY
CONVENTIONAL METHODS
Design of digital control systems based on Root locus techniques-Design
of digital control based on the frequency response methods-Bilinear
transformation and design procedure in the w-plane, lead, lag and Lead-
lag compensators and digital PID controllers. Design digital control
through dead beat response methods.

UNIT-III
STATE FEEDBACK CONTROLLERS AND OBSERVERS
Concept of controllability and observability-Design of state feedback
controller through pole placement-Necessary and sufficient conditions,
Ackerman‟s formula, State observers-Full order and Reduced Order
observer

UNIT-IV
LINEAR QUADRATIC REGULATORS
Min/Max principle, Linear Quadratic Regulators, Kalman Filters, State
Estimation through kalman Filters, Introduction to adaptive controls

UNIT-V
DIGITAL SIMULATION
Introduction, Digital Simulation- Digital Modeling with Sample and
Hold Devices, State Variable Formulation, Numerical Integration,
Rectangular Integration, Frequency Domain Characteristics- Frequency
Warping, Frequency Prewarping.
25
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

MICROPROCESSOR AND DSP CONTROL

Introduction, Microprocessor Control of Control Systems, Single- Board
Controllers with Custom-Designed Chips, The Galil DMC-105 Board,
Digital Signal Processors- The Texas Instruments TMS320 DSP‟s,
Development Systems and Support Tools.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. B.C. Kuo, “Digital Control Systems”, 2nd Edition, Oxford

University Press, 2003.

2. K. Ogata, “Discrete-Time Control systems”, 2nd edition.- PHI,2002.

REFERENCES:

1. M. Gopal, “Modern Control Systems Theory”, Wiley Eastern, 1984.

2. M. Gopal, “Digital control engineering”, New Age International

Publications,2003.

3. M.Gopal, “Digital Control and State Variable Methods”, 3rd

edition, TMH, sep-2008

26
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY
(ELECTIVE-I)
Course Code: 13EE2108 L P C
4 0 3
Pre requisites:
1. Student is assumed to have knowledge in Power Generation,
Transmission and Distribution.
2. Student is assumed to have knowledge in basic probability methods.
Course Educational Objective:
1. The course is aimed at exposing the student to understand Basic
probability methods, Composite Generation and Transmission
Systems.
2. Student will also have exposure to Operating and failure states of
system components, application of Monte Carlo Simulation.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, student will be able to
1. Analyse the reliability of the Composite Generation and
Transmission Systems using Basic probability methods.
2. Learn how to implement Monte Carlo Simulation.
3. Learn System Expansion studies, Load Forecast Uncertainty.
4. Learn Reliability Evaluation Techniques of distribution systems.
5. Learn De-rated States and Auxiliary Systems.
UNIT – I : INTRODUCTION
Probabilistic Reliability Criteria, Statistical and probabilistic measures,
absolute and relative measures, methods of assessment, concept of
adequacy and security, system analysis, reliability cost and reliability
worth.
GENERATING CAPACITY – BASIC PROBABILITY METHODS
Introduction, The Generation System Model, Generating Unit
Unavailability, Capacity outage probability tables, Comparison of
deterministic and probabilistic criteria, recursive algorithm for capacity
model building, Loss of load indices, Equivalent forced outage rate,
capacity expansion analysis, Evaluation Techniques, Perturbation
effects.
UNIT–II
GENERATING CAPACITY – FREQUENCY AND DURATION
METHOD
Introduction, The Generation Model, Fundamental Development,
Recursive Algorithm for capacitive Model Building, System Risk
27
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
Indices, Individual State Load Model, cumulative State Load Model,
Practical System Studies, Base case study, System Expansion studies,
Load Forecast Uncertainty.
UNIT–III : COMPOSITE GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM
Introduction, Radial Configurations, Conditional Probability Approach,
Network Configurations, State Selection, System and Load Point
Indices, Application to practical systems, Data requirements for
composite system reliability evaluation, Concepts, deterministic Data,
stochastic data.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS – BASIC TECHNIQUES AND
RADIAL NETWORKS
Introduction, Evaluation Techniques, Additional Interruption Indices,
Application to radial systems, Effect of Lateral Distributor Protection,
Effects of Disconnects, Effects of Protection failures.
UNIT – IV : SUBSTATION AND SWITCHING STATIONS
Introduction, Effect of Short Circuits and Breaker Operation, Operating
and Failure states of system components, Open and Short Circuit
Failures, Active and Passive Failures. Malfunction of normally closed
breakers, numerical analysis of Typical Substation.
PLANT AND STATION AVAILABILITY
Generating Plant Availability, De-rated States and Auxiliary Systems,
Allocation and effect of spares, Protection Systems.

UNIT – V APPLICATION OF MONTE CARLO SIMULATION

Introduction, Types of Simulation, Concepts of Simulation, Random
Numbers, Simulation Output, Application to Generation Capacity
Reliability Evaluation, Application to composite generation and
transmission systems.
Text Book:
1. R. Billinton, R.N.Allan, “Reliability Evaluation of Power systems”,
Pitman Advance Publishing Program, New York, 2nd Edition, 2010.
Reference Books :
1. R. Billinton, R.N.Allan, “Reliability Evaluation of Engg. System”,
Plenum Press, New York, Second edition, 2010.
2. Charles E. Ebeling,” An Introduction to Reliability and
Maintainability Engineering”. TATA Mc Graw - Hill – Edition,
2010.
28
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER SYSTEM & SIMULATION LAB – I

Course Code:13EE2109 L P C
0 3 2

Pre requisites: Power System Analysis, Power System Operation &

Control

Course Educational Objectives:

1. To design and conduct experiments on various power system
components-analyze and interpret data.
2. To give hands on experience in using modern software tools for
simulation of various power system controls.

Course Outcomes: At the end of this lab, the student will be able to
1. Analyze and interpret data on various power system components.
2. Simulate the characteristics of various power system control using
modern software tools.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Develop a program to solve Swing Equation.

2. Determination of Sub-Transient Reactance of a Salient Pole
Machine.
3. Study and testing of over current and over voltage relay in
Generator protection system with IDMT relay characteristics.
4. Develop a Simulink model for a single area load frequency
problem and simulate the same.
5. Write a program to find Y-bus & Z-bus
6. Determination of the parameters of synchronous machine by using
digital oscilloscope.
7. Simulate a transmission line and find I.Ferranti effect, II.
Efficiency
8. Transient Stability analysis of a typical power system by using
MiPower.
9. Design a PID controller.

29
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

10. Fault Analysis of 3 phase alternator

i) LG Fault
ii) LL Fault
iii) LLG Fault
iv) LLLG Fault

Text Books:
1. Allen J.Wood and Bruce F.Wollenberg, “Power Generation,
Operation and Control”, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc,
1996.

2. Olle E.Elgerd, “Electrical Energy Systems Theory – An

introduction” 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 1983.

3. Hadi Saadat, "Power System Analysis ", Second Edition , TMH

Publication New Delhi.

4. D. P. Kothari and J. S. Dhillon, “Power System Optimization”,

Second Edition-PHI Learning Private Limited- 2011.

30
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER SYSTEM CONTROL AND STABILITY

Course Code: 13EE2110 LP C

4 0 3
Pre requisites:
1. Student is assumed to have knowledge in synchronous machine,
power system operation and control.
2. Student is assumed to have knowledge in stability of synchronous
machine.

Course Educational Objectives: At the end of the course, the student

will be able to
1. Analyze the steady state performance, dynamic performance of
synchronous machine.
2. Do Modeling of Excitation system and Prime mover controllers and
analyse sub-synchronous resonance.
Course Outcome: At the end of the course, the student acquires
knowledge in
1. Park‟s Transformation
2. Simulation of Dynamics of synchronous generator connected to
infinite bus.
3. Methodology of analyzing multi machine power system.
4. Design and application of power system stabilizers in power
system

UNIT-I : MODELING OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE:

Introduction, Synchronous Machine, Park‟s Transformation, Analysis of
Steady State Performance. Per Unit Quantities, Equivalent Circuits of
Synchronous Machine.
EXCITATION AND PRIME MOVER CONTROLLERS:
Excitation System, Excitation System Modelling, Excitation Systems-
Standard Block Diagram System Representation by State Equations,
Prime-Mover Control System.

UNIT-II : TRANSMISSION LINES, SVC AND LOADS :

Transmission Lines, D-Q Transformation, Static VAR compensators,
Loads.

31
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

DYNAMICS OF A SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR

CONNECTED TO INFINITE BUS:
System Model, Synchronous Machine Model, Application of Model,
Calculation of Initial Conditions, System Simulation, Consideration of
other Machine Models.

UNIT-III : ANALYSIS OF SINGLE MACHINE SYSTEM:

Small Signal Analysis with Block Diagram Representation,
Characteristic Equation (CE) and Application of Routh-Hurwitz
Criterion, Synchronizing and Damping Torques Analysis, Small Signal
Model: State Equations.

UNIT – IV : APPLICATION OF POWER SYSTEM

STABILIZERS
Introduction, Basic concepts in applying PSS, Control Signals,
Structure and tuning of PSS, Field implementation and operating
experience, Examples of PSS Design and Application.
ANALYSIS OF MULTI-MACHINE SYSTEM
A Simplified System Model, Detailed Models: Case-I, Detailed Model:
Case-II, Inclusion of Load and SVC Dynamics, Modal Analysis of
Large Power Systems, Case Studies

UNIT-V : ANALYSIS OF SUB-SYNCHRONOUS RESONANCE:

SSR in Series Compensated Systems, Modelling of Mechanical System,
Analysis of the Mechanical system, Analysis of the Combined System ,
Computation of Ye(s) : Simplified Machine Model, Computation of
Ye(s): Detailed Machine Model, Analysis of Torsional Interaction - A
Physical Reasoning, State Space Equations and Eigenvalue Analysis.
TEXT BOOKS:
K. R. Padiyar, “Power System Dynamics Stability and control”, Second
Edition, B. S. Publications, 2008.
REFERENCES:
1. P.M. Anderson, A.A. Fouad, “Power System Control and Stability”,
2nd Edition , IOWA State University Press, Galgotia Publications,
2002.
2. M.A. Pai, “Power System Stability – Analysis by the direct method of
Lyapunov”, North Holland Publishing Company, Newyork, 1981.
32
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Course Code:13EE2111 L P C
Pre requisites: Basic knowledge in Electrical Networks, 4 0 3
Machines, Power Electronics.
Course Educational Objectives:
To study and understand the definitions, various power quality problems
and their mitigation and measuring techniques.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to acquire
knowledge in
1. Basic concepts of power quality issues.
2. Causes, effects of long and short interruptions.
3. Sags and phase angle jumps in different types of faults.
4. Various equipment behavior with voltage sags.
5. Various interfacing devices between system and equipment to
mitigate the sags and interruptions
UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION AND HARMONICS:
Introduction of the Power Quality (PQ) problem, Terms used in PQ:
Voltage Sag Swell, Surges, Harmonics, over voltages, spikes, Voltage
fluctuations, Transients, Interruption, overview of power quality
phenomenon.
Harmonics: Definition, causes of voltage and current harmonics,
individual and total harmonic distortion, effect of harmonics on power
system devices, guidelines for harmonic voltage and current limitation,
harmonic current mitigation.
UNIT-II : INTERRUPTIONS:
Long Interruptions: Definition – Terminology – causes of Long
Interruptions – Origin of Interruptions – Limits for the Interruption
frequency – Limits for the interruption duration – costs of Interruption –
Overview of Reliability evaluation.
Short Interruptions: Definition, origin of short interruptions - basic
principle, fuses saving, voltage magnitude events due to re-closing,
voltage during the interruption; monitoring of short interruptions -
difference between medium and low voltage systems, Multiple events;
single phase tripping – voltage and current during fault period, voltage
and current at post fault period, stochastic prediction of short
interruptions.
33
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
UNIT-III :
VOLTAGE SAGS – CHARACTERIZATION – SINGLE PHASE
AND THREE PHASES:
Voltage sag – definition, causes of voltage sag, voltage sag magnitude -
monitoring, theoretical calculation of voltage sag magnitude, voltage sag
calculation in non-radial systems, meshed systems; voltage sag duration.
Three phase faults- single phase, phase to phase, phase to ground faults;
phase angle jumps- theoretical calculations; magnitude and phase angle
jumps- phase to phase, single phase, two phase to ground; for three
phase unbalanced sags, load influence on voltage sags.

UNIT-IV : VOLTAGE SAGS – EQUIPMENT BEHAVIOR:

Voltage tolerance, computers, consumer electronics, adjustable speed
AC drives and its operation. Mitigation methods of AC Drives,
adjustable speed DC drives and its operation, mitigation methods of DC
drives other sensitive loads.

UNIT-V
MITIGATION OF INTERRUPTIONS, VOLTAGE SAGS AND
EMC STANDARDS:
Overview and ways of mitigation methods, different events and
mitigation methods. System equipment interface – voltage source
converter, series voltage controller- basic principle active power
injection; shunt controller, combined shunt and series controller.
Purpose of standardization, IEC Electromagnetic compatibility
standards.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Math H J. Bollen, “Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage
Sags and Interruptions”, First Indian edition, IEEE Press, 2001.
(all units)
2. C.Sankaran, “Power Quality”, First Indian reprint, CRC press, 2009
(Part of Unit-I).
REFERENCES:
1. Roger Dugan, Surya Santoso, Mark F. Mc Granaghan, H.
Beaty, “Electrical Power Systems Quality”, McGraw-Hill Professional
Publishing, Second Edition, November 2002.
2. J. Arrillaga, N. R. Watson, S. Chen, “Power System Quality
Assessment”, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.
34
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION

Course Code: 13EE2112 L P C

4 0 3

Pre requisites: Optimization techniques, economic load dispatch.

Course Educational Objectives:

1. This course deals with the state of the art techniques in power
system planning and forecasting for a economic load dispatch.
2. It also imparts knowledge in multi objective optimization in
planning and operation of thermal as well as integrated
hydrothermal electric systems.
3. This course finally enlightens the students in the field of power
systems.

Course Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be

able:
1. To solve economic load dispatch problem in power systems.
2. To solve Multi-objective optimization problems of any utility or
industry.
3. To use evolutionary programming for solving generation
scheduling problem.

UNIT-I
ECONOMIC LOAD DISPATCH OF THERMAL GENERATING
UNITS-I: Introduction Generator Operating Cost Economic Dispatch
Problem on a Bus Bar - Optimal Generation Scheduling Economic
Dispatch Using Newton - Raphson Method - Economic Dispatch Using
the Approximate Newton-Raphson Method - Economic Dispatch using
Efficient Method Classical Method to Calculate Loss Coefficient Loss
Coefficients Calculation Using Y BUS Loss Coefficients Using
Sensitivity Factors - Transmission Loss Coefficients Transmission Loss
Formula: Functions of Generation and Loads.

35
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

UNIT-II
ECONOMIC LOAD DISPATCH OF THERMAL GENERATING
UNITS-II : Economic Dispatch Using Exact Loss Formula - Economic
Dispatch Using Loss Formula which is a function of Real and Reactive
Power - Economic Dispatch for Active and Reactive Power Balance -
Evaluation of Incremental Transmission Loss - Economic Dispatch
Based on Penalty Factors - Optimal Power Flow Based on Newton
Method - Optimal Power Flow Based on Gradient Method.

UNIT-III
OPTIMAL HYDROTHERMAL SCHEDULING: Introduction –
Hydro Plant Performance Models - Short-Range Fixed-Head
Hydrothermal Scheduling - Newton-Raphson Method for Short-Range
Fixed-Head Hydrothermal Scheduling - Approximate Newton-Raphson
Short-Range Fixed-Head - Hydrothermal Scheduling Problem, Short-
Range Variable-Head Hydrothermal Scheduling Problem- Classical
Method - Approximate Newton-Raphson Method for Short-Range
Variable-Head Hydrothermal Scheduling Problem - Hydro Plant
Modelling for Long-Term Operation - Long-Range Generation
Scheduling of Hydrothermal Systems

UNIT-IV
MULTI-OBJECTIVE GENERATION SCHEDULING: Introduction
- Multi-objective Optimization- State-of-the-Art - Fuzzy Set Theory in
Power Systems, The surrogate Worth Trade-off Approach for Multi-
objective Thermal Power Dispatch Problem - Multi-objective Thermal
Power Dispatch Problem- Weighting Method - Multi-objective Dispatch
for Active and Reactive Power Balance - Multi-objective Short-Range
Fixed-Head Hydro-thermal Scheduling-Approximate Newton-Raphson
Method.

UNIT-V
EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING FOR GENERATION
SCHEDULING: Introduction - Fitness Function - Genetic Algorithm
Operators - Random Number Generation - Economic Dispatch Problem
- Genetic Algorithm Solution Methodology - Genetic Algorithm

36
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

Solution Based on Real Power Search - Economic Dispatch with valve

point loading, Economic dispatch with Ramp Rate Limits and Prohibited
Operating Zones – Evolutionary search method for Economic Dispatch –
Evolutionary Programming for Economic Dispatch – I & II – Anti-
Predatory Particle Swarm Optimization – Differential Evolution for
Economic Dispatch – Real Coded Genetic Algorithm.

TEXT BOOK:

1. D. P. Kothari and J. S. Dhillon, “Power System Optimization”, Second

Edition-PHI Learning Private Limited- 2011.

REFERENCES:

1. Hadi Saadat, "Power System Analysis ", Second Edition , TMH

Publication New Delhi,1999.

2. Olle I.Elewgerd, " Electrical Energy System : An Introduction ".

TMH Publication, New Delhi,2005.

3. S.S.Rao,”Engineering optimization: Theory and practice”, 4th

edition, New Age International (P) Limited, 2009.

4. John J. Grainger, Wuliam D. Stevenson, “Power System Analysis”,

Second Edition , TMH Publication, New Delhi, 1994.

37
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES

Course Code: 13EE2113 L P C

4 0 3
Pre requisites: Basic knowledge of optimization.
Course Educational Objectives:
1. To get introduced to the soft computing concepts and techniques such
as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) , Fuzzy Logic (FL), Genetic
Algorithms (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) which form an
alternate paradigm to classical optimization techniques.
2. To recognize the feasibility of applying a soft computing technique to
a particular optimization problem
3. To apply soft computing techniques to hard real life optimization
problems which cannot be solved with classic techniques.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to
1. Apply neural networks to power engineering optimization problems
2. Apply fuzzy logic and reasoning to handle uncertainty and solve
engineering problems
3. Apply genetic algorithms to combinatorial optimization problems
4. Apply particle swarm optimization technique to optimization
problems
UNIT-I
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (ANN) - I : (Fundamentals,
Feed forward/Feedback Networks) Introduction, ANN Basic Building
Blocks and Terminologies, ANN Models, Learning Rules, Perceptron
Networks (Single layer / Multi layer), Feed Forward Networks- Back
Propagation Networks (BPN), Feedback Networks - Hopfield Net,
Applications.
UNIT-II
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (ANN) - II: (Associative
Memory Networks, SOM and ART)
Associative Memory Networks – Algorithms for pattern association,
Hetero Associative Memory Neural Networks, Auto Associative
Memory Networks, Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM) Network,
Relation between BAM and Hopfield Nets. Self-Organizing Feature
Maps (SOM) – Kohonen SOM, Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ).
Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) – Fundamentals, ART1, ART2.
38
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
UNIT-III FUZZY LOGIC :
Fuzzy Set Theory- Fuzzy versus Crisp, Crisp Sets, Fuzzy Sets –
Membership Function, Crisp Relations, Fuzzy Relations, Fuzzy
Systems-Crisp Logic, Predicate Logic, Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Rule Based
System, Defuzzification Methods, Applications.
UNIT-IV
GENETIC ALGORITHMS (GA) :
GA Fundamentals-Basic concepts, Creation of Offsprings, Working
Principle, Encoding, Fitness Function, Reproduction, Genetic Modeling
– Inheritance Operators, Cross Over, Inversion and Deletion, Mutation
Operator, Bit-wise Operators, Bit-wise Operators used in GA,
Generational Cycle, Convergence of GA, Applications, Multi-level
Optimization, Differences and Similarities between GA and other
traditional methods, Advances in GA.
UNIT-V
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO) :
Basic concepts, Swarm intelligence, population, velocity updation,
particle- best (pbest), global-best (gbest), velocity initialization, solution,
Applications.
Text Books:
1) S. N. Sivanandam, S. Sumathi, S. N. Deepa, “Introduction to Neural
Networks using MATLAB 6.0”, TMH, 2006 (Unit-I,II)
2) S. Rajasekharan and G.A. Vijayalakshmi Pai, “Neural Networks,
Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithms - Synthesis and Applications”, First
Edition, PHI Publication, 2012 (Unit III,IV)
3) Clerc, M. “Particle Swarm Optimization”. First Edition, Wiley-ISTE,
2006 (Unit-V)
Reference Books:
1) J. S. R. Jang, C.T. Sun and E. Mizutani, “Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft
Computing”, Pearson Education, 2004.
2) N. Yadaiah and S. Bapi Raju, “Neural and Fuzzy Systems”:
Foundation, Architectures and Applications,Pearson Education, 2010.
3) Timothy J.Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications”, John
Wiley & Sons, 2009.
4) Jacek M. Zurada, “Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems”, 1st
Edition, Jaico Publishing House, 2007.
5) F. Karray and C. De Silva, “Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems
Design, Theory, Tools and Applications”, Prentice Hall, 2004.
39
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
RESTRUCTURED POWER SYSTEM

Course Code: 13EE2114 LP C

4 0 3
Pre requisites: Basics of Power Systems and its operation.

Course Educational Objectives:

1. To provide in-depth understanding of operation of deregulated
electricity market systems
2. To examine topical issues in electricity markets and how these are
handled world-wide in various Markets
3. To enable students to analyze various types of electricity market
operational and control issues using new mathematical models.

Course Outcomes : After the completion of the course, the student will
be able to
1. Understand the operation of deregulated electricity market systems.
2. Understand and examine topical issues in electricity markets and how
these are handled world-wide in various markets.
3. Analyze various types of electricity market operational and control
issues using new mathematical models.

UNIT-I
Overview of key issues in electric utilities- introduction – restructuring
models – Independent System Operator (ISO) – power exchange -
market operations – market power – standard cost – transmission pricing
– congestion pricing.
Management of inter zonal/intra zonal congestion- OASIS: open access
same-time information system- structure of OASIS - pooling of
information.
UNIT-II
Transfer Capability on OASIS – definitions transfer capability issues –
ATC – TTC – TRM – CBM calculations – methodologies to calculate
ATC.
UNIT-III
Power system operation in competitive environment- introduction –
operational is planning activities of ISO- the ISO in pool markets – the
ISO in bilateral markets.
40
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

UNIT-IV
Operational planning activities of a GENCO- ancillary services
management- introduction – reactive power as an ancillary service – a
review – synchronous generators as ancillary service providers.
Introduction, Framework of Indian power sector, Historical
Developments, The Institutional Framework, Operational Demarcation
of the Power System, National and Transnational Grids, Reform
initiatives during 1990-1995.

UNIT-V
The Availability Based Tariff (ABT)
Necessity of ABT?, the mechanism, working of the mechanism, effects
of ABT, intra-state ABT, the electricity act 2003, provisions in the
generation sector, provisions in the transmission sector, provisions in the
distribution sector, power trading, other important changes.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H.J. Boller, JaapE.Daalder, „Operation

of Restructured Power System‟ Klumer Academic Publisher –
2001.

2. Mohammad Shahidehpour, and Muwaffaqalomoush, -

“Restructured electrical Power systems” Marcel Dekker, Inc.
2001.

REFERENCES:

1. Loi Lei Lai; “Power system Restructuring and Deregulation”, Jhon

Wiley & Sons Ltd., England.

2. http://nptel.iitm.ac.in.

41
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
(ELECTIVE-II)
Course Code: 13EE2115 LPC
4 0 3
Pre requisites:
Students are assumed to have knowledge in conventional generation,
Electrolysis, turbines, Basic Electrical Machines. Students are also
assumed to have knowledge in power transmission and distribution.

Course Educational Objectives:

The objective of the course is to expose the student to various DG
technologies, siting requirements, operational problems of various DGs,
interconnection of DGs, and sizing of generation systems.

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student acquires knowledge in
1. Various methods of power generation, goals of distributed generation,
understand the difference between stand-alone photo voltaic power.
2. Operation, Performance, operational limitations, Temperature limits,
and other aspects of Wind Turbine and Fuel cells.
3. Siting requirements, restrictions, and operational limitations of micro
turbines.
4. Various inter connected generation systems.
5. Sizing of Solar Photo Voltaic Systems, Wind Power Systems, Fuel
Cells and Micro Turbines, Engine – Generators

UNIT-I
OVER VIEW OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION: Introduction,
Distributed Generation Technologies, Solar Photo Voltaic Power, Wind
Power, Fuel Cells, Micro Turbines, Engine Generators, Passive Vs
Active Generation, Goals of Distributed Generation, Reducing the
Electric Utility Bill, Improving System Reliability, Standby systems,
Selling Power, Generating Environmentally Friendly power, Electrical
Utility companies and Distributed Generation.
SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC SYSTEMS: Introduction, Components,
Foundation and Supports, Fixed Arrays, Tracking Arrays, Solar Arrays,
Utility Interactive Power Inverter, Operation , Tilting angle of the array,
Stand Alone Photo Voltaic Power, Grid Connected Photo Voltaic Power,
42
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

Photo Voltaic Module Ratings, Voltage Ratings, Current Rating, Power

Rating, Maximum Open Circuit Voltage, Ambient Temperature
correction Factors, Installation Requirements, Wiring methods,
Alternating Current Solar modules, siting requirements, operational
limitations.

UNIT-II
WIND POWER SYSTEMS: Introduction, Components, towers, Guy
Wire Supported towers, Self Supporting Towers, Wind Turbines Fan
Blade Electrical Generators, Operation, Performance, Wind Turbine
Ratings, Energy Output Estimate, Siting Requirements, Wind Farms,
Operational Limitations, Passive Generation Technology, Temperature
Limits, Turbulence, Flicker.
FUEL CELLS: Introduction, Components, Fuel Processor, Fuel Cell,
Anode, electrolyte, Cathode, Fuel Cell Stack Power Converter,
Operation, Electrolysis, combined heat and Power, Operational
Advantages, Ratings, Installation and Siting Requirements, Clearances,
Operating Temperature, Outdoor locations, Indoor locations, Detection
and Alarm System, Ventilation, Sources of Ignition, Proximity to
Utilities, Operation and Siting Limitations.

UNIT-III
MICRO-TURBINES: Introduction, Components, Operation, Grid
connected operation, stand alone operation, shutdown procedures,
paralleling multiple micro turbines, Common output bus, input
impedance, Ratings, Installation and siting requirements, emissions, site
ratings, ambient temperature, elevation, intake or exhaust restrictions,
Zoning ordinances, Operational Limitations.
UNIT-IV
ENGINE GENERATORS: Introduction, Components, Engine
Generator, Induction Generator, Synchronous Generator, Ratings,
Voltage Ratings, Power Ratings, Current Ratings, Synchronous
Generators, Power Factor and Reactive Power, Stand and Prime ratings,
Operation, Siting Requirements, Synchronizing to Power Supply system,
Controlled factors, Frequency, Voltage Magnitude, Phase Angle,
Manual Synchronization, Voltage and Frequency Meters, Synchro
Scope, Synchronizing Lights.
43
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

INTERCONNECTED GENERATION SYSTEMS: Introduction,

Operation, Load Shring, Base Loading, peak shaving, Importing Power,
Exporting Power, Zero Power Transfer, NEC requirements for grid
connected operation, Resources with Electric power Systems,
Distribution System Configurations, Primary Loop Distribution System,
Primary Selective Distribution System, Secondary Selective Distribution
System, Network Distribution System, IEEE 1457 requirements,
Voltage Regulation, power monitoring, Grounding, Synchronization,
Connect to Network Distribution Systems, Back Feeds, Disconnecting
Means, Coordinated Equipment Ratings, Abnormal Operating
Conditions, Power Quality, islanding.

UNIT-V
SIZING GENERATION SYSTEMS: Introduction, Generation
Characteristics, Solar Photo Voltaic Power, Wind Power, Site Ratings,
Design approach, Load Characteristics, Energy Consumption and
Demand, Power Factor, Daily and Seasonal Load Profiles, electric
Utility Billing Practices, Peak Demand charges, Demand Ratchet, Net
metering, Power buy back, Interruptible Utility rate, Sizing Solar Photo
Voltaic Systems, Insulation,, Series and Parallel solar module
connections, Sizing Wind Power Systems, Capacity Factor, Role of the
manufacturer, Sizing Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines, Electric Power
Production, Combined Head and Power applications, Sizing Engine –
Generators, Fuel Type Operating voltage, :Low Voltage Generators,
Medium Generators, Power and Current Rating at 0.8 power factor.,
Load Shed.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Gregory W Massey, “Essentials of Distributed Generation Systems” –
Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC, 2010.
REFERENCES:
1. Math H. J. Bollen and Fainan, “Integration of Distributed Generation
in Power Systems” – Published by Hassan, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
Hoboken, New Jersey, IEEE Press, 2010.
2. Edited by Anne – Marie Borbely and Jan F. Krieder, “Distributed
Generation: The Power Paradigm for New Millennium”, CRC press
LLC, 2001.
44
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
REAL TIME CONCEPTS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
(ELECTIVE-II)

Course Code: 13EE2116 L P C

4 0 3
Pre requisites: Basic Knowledge of Microcontrollers.

Course Educational Objectives: To provide the student with in-depth

knowledge of embedded systems including overall system design,
interfacing, Operating Systems, Data Acquisition, Communication
Protocols, and Real-Time Performance.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
1. Know the Basics of design aspects of Embedded Systems and
Applications of 8051 Microcontroller.
2. Learn design aspects of Systems using Real Time Operating Systems.
3. Understand the features of advanced architectures in ARM and
SHARC processors.
4. Understand applications of ARM processors in Electrical Engineering
and write programs.

UNIT-I
EMBEDDED COMPUTING:
Introduction, Complex Systems and Microprocessor, the Embedded
System Design Process, Formalisms for System Design, Design
Examples. 8051 Micro controller - Instruction Set, I/O Ports, Memory,
Counters and Timers, Interrupts, Assembly Language Programming,
Programming Tools and Techniques, Interfacing with Keyboards,
Displays, D/A and A/D Conversions, Serial Data Communication.

UNIT-II
INTRODUCTION TO REAL – TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS:
Tasks and Task States, Tasks and Data, Semaphores, and Shared Data;
Message Queues, Mailboxes and Pipes, Timer Functions, Events,
Memory Management, Interrupt Routines in an RTOS Environment.

45
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

UNIT-III
BASIC DESIGN USING A REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM:
Principles, Semaphores and Queues, Hard Real-Time Scheduling
Considerations, Saving Memory and Power, An example RTOS like
UC-OS (Open Source); Embedded Software Development Tools: Host
and Target machines, Linker/Locators for Embedded Software, Getting
Embedded Software into the Target System; Debugging Techniques
:Testing on Host Machine, Using Laboratory Tools, An Example
System.

UNIT-IV
INTRODUCTION TO ADVANCED ARCHITECTURES
ARM and SHARC Processor and memory organization and Instruction
level parallelism; Networked embedded systems: Bus protocols, I2C bus
and CAN bus; Internet-Enabled Systems, Design Example-Elevator
Controller.

UNIT-V
ARM PERIPHERALS AND APPLICATION CODING
GPIO, Timers, Counters, PWM, ADC, Serial Communication Channels.
Application Coding Examples- Measurement of time, Frequency, Power
Control.
Text books:
1. Wayne Wolf, “Computers as Components”, Morgan Kaufman, 2010.
(Unit I, IV)
2. B.KantaRao,“Embedded Systems”,PHI, 1st Edition, 2011 (Unit I,IV,V)
3. David E. Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer”, Pearson
Education, 2011. (Unit II, III)
Reference Books:
1. Jean. J. Labrosse,“Embedded System building blocks”, 2nd edition,
CMP publishers,1999.
2. Raj Kamal,“Embedded Systems: Architecture, Programming and
Design”, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2008.
3. Kenneth J. Ayala, “The 8051 Microcontroller”, Third Edition,
Cenage Learning, 2010.
4. Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, “Embedded System Design”, JohnWiley,
2011.
46
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
DYNAMICS OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES
(ELECTIVE-II)

Course Code: 13EE2213 LPC

4 0 3
Pre requisites: Electrical Machines

Course Educational Objectives:

To impart the students with dynamic modeling, simulation and control
theory for electric machinery and associated power electronic drive
systems that find a wide range of applications in electric power
engineering careers

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the principle of control of Induction machine
2. Analyze symmetrical 2 phase induction machine
3. Model a separately excited DC motor, Shunt DC Motor, Series
DC motor.
4. Model a three phase synchronous machine

UNIT-I: MODELING CONCEPTS

Basic Two-pole machine representation of commutator machines, 3-ph
synchronous machine with and without damper bars and 3-ph induction
machine, Kron‟s primitive machine-voltage, current and torque
equations. Real time model of a two phase induction machine-
transformation to obtain constant matrices-thee phase to two phase
transformation- power equivalence.

UNIT-II MODELING OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION

MACHINE
Generalized model in arbitrary reference frame- Electromagnetic torque
– Derivation of commonly used induction machine models- Stator
reference frame model- Rotor reference frame model- Synchronously
rotating frame model- Equations in flux linkages - per unit model-
Dynamic Simulation- Small signal equations of induction machine –
derivation DQ flux linkage model derivation – control principle of
Induction machine.

47
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

UNIT-III
SYMMETRICAL AND UNSYMMETRICAL 2 PHASE
INDUCTION MACHINE :
Analysis of symmetrical 2 phase induction machine-voltage and torque
equations for unsymmetrical 2 phase induction machine voltage and
torque equations in stationary reference frame variables for
unsymmetrical 2 phase induction machine-analysis of steady state
operation of unsymmetrical 2 phase induction machine- single phase
induction motor - Cross field theory of single-phase induction machine.

UNIT-IV SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE MODELING

Mathematical model of a sep. excited DC motor- steady state and
transient analysis - Transfer function of a sep. excited DC motor –
Mathematical model of a DC series motor, shunt motor- linearization
techniques for small perturbations. Synchronous machine inductances –
voltage equations in the rotor‟s DQ0 reference frame- electromagnetic
torque-current in terms of linkages.

UNIT-V DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

Dynamic performance of synchronous machine, three-phase fault,
comparison of actual and approximate transient torque characteristics,
Equal area criteria- simulation of three phase synchronous machine –
modeling of PMSM.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R.Krishnan “Electric Motor Drives - Modeling, Analysis&
control”- Pearson Publications-1st edition -2002
2. P.C.Krause, Oleg Wasynczuk, Scott D. Sudhoff “Analysis of
Electrical Machinery and Drive systems”, IEEE Press, 2nd Edition
REFERENCES:
1. Chee Mun Ong “Dynamic simulation of Electric machinery using
Matlab / Simulink” –Prentice Hall,2000
2. D.P.Sengupta &J.B.Lynn :”Electrical Machine Dynamics”,The
Macmillan Press Ltd.
3. C.V. Jones :”The Unified Theory of Electrical Machines”
Butterworth, London.
4. Woodson & Melcher, “Electromechanical Dynamics”, John Wiley
& Sons.
48
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013
POWER SYSTEM & SIMULATION LAB – II

Course Code: 13EE2117 LP C

0 3 2

Pre requisites: Power System Analysis, Power System

Operation & Control

Course Educational Objectives:

1. To Design and conduct experiments on various power system
components, analyze and interpret data.
2. To give hands on experience in using modern software tools for
simulation of various power System controls.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the lab, the student will be able to
1. Analyze and interpret data on various power system components.
2. Simulate the characteristics of various power system controls using
modern software tools.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. IDMT (Inverse Definite Minimum Time) Relay Characteristics

2. Study and testing of over current and over voltage relays in
transformer protection system with IDMT Relay characteristics
3. Design a compensator for a given system for required specifications.
4. Conduct a power flow study on a given power system.
5. Conduct a power flow study on a given power system network using
Gauss-Seidel iterative method.
6. Determination of breakdown strength of oil by variable distance
electrodes.
7. Develop a Simulink model for a two-area load frequency problem and
simulate the same.
8. Determine Power Quality parameters of a given data as per IEEE
Standards
9. Design a PID controller for two-area power system and simulate the
same.

49
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Power System Control and Automation 2013

10. Simulate Transmission line and find :

a. Transmission line parameter
b. Surge Impedance loadings
11. Economic load dispatch without and with transmission loss using
MiPower

Text Books:

1. Allen J.Wood and Bruce F.Wollenberg, “Power Generation,

Operation and Control”, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc,
1996.

2. Olle E.Elgerd, “Electrical Energy Systems Theory – An

introduction” 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 1983.

3. Hadi Saadat, "Power System Analysis ", Second Edition , TMH

Publication New Delhi.

4. D. P. Kothari and J. S. Dhillon, “Power System Optimization”,

Second Edition-PHI Learning Private Limited- 2011.

50