Awscloudpractitionerday1slides1572711835593 PDF
Awscloudpractitionerday1slides1572711835593 PDF
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Michael J.
Shannon
IT/Security Consultant,
Instructor, and
Author
Welcome to AWS Cloud Practitioner Course
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DAY ONE
• Segment 1: Cloud Concepts
• Segment 2: Networking Technologies
• Segment 3: AWS Account Basics
• Segment 4: Compute Technologies
@iconshock.com
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Segment 1: Cloud Concepts
AWS Cloud Practitioner Exam
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• AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (CLF‐C01)
• For candidates who have the skills and
knowledge required to successfully validate
a general understanding of the AWS Cloud
• There are two types of questions:
• Multiple‐choice: Has one correct response
and three incorrect responses (distractors)
• Multiple‐response: Has two correct
responses out of five options @iconshock.com
AWS Cloud Practitioner Exam
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• Uses a scaled score from 100 through
1000, with a minimum passing score of 700
• The examination uses a compensatory
scoring model, which means that you do
not need to “pass” the individual sections,
only the overall examination
• The exam is $100 USD and candidates have
90 minutes to complete the exam
@iconshock.com
Exam Domains and Weightings
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Domain % of Exam
Domain 1: Cloud Concepts 28%
Domain 2: Security 24%
Domain 3: Technology 36%
Domain 4: Billing and Pricing 12%
Total 100%
Supporting Documentation
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• AWS Whitepapers (Kindle and .PDF)
• Overview of Amazon Web Services
whitepaper, April 2017
• Architecting for the Cloud: AWS Best
Practices whitepaper, Feb 2016
• How AWS Pricing Works whitepaper,
March 2016
• The Total Cost of (Non) Ownership of
Web Applications in the Cloud
@iconshock.com
whitepaper, Aug 2012
• Compare AWS Support Plans webpage
Additional Study Materials
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• Getting Started with AWS (Kindle
Edition) – free at Amazon
• AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
Complete Video Course by Richard A.
Jones
• AWS Cloud Security Complete Video
Course by Michael J. Shannon
@iconshock.com
Cloud Computing Defined
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• Cloud computing is a model that allows for expedient, on‐
demand networked access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources
• Resources include networks, servers, databases, object
storage, applications, and various services that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management work or
service provider collaboration
@iconshock.com
5 Characteristics of Cloud Services
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• The traditional cloud model promotes availability and is
composed of five essential characteristics:
• On‐demand self‐service
• Broad network access
• Resource pooling
• Rapid elasticity
• Measured Service
@aws.amazon.com
Key Enabling Technologies
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1. Fast and highly available
wide‐area networks
2. Powerful, inexpensive
server computers
3. Advanced automation and
orchestration tools
4. High‐performance @iconshock.com
virtualization for
commodity hardware
Virtualization Components
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• A hypervisor is the software that generates and controls
a virtual infrastructure allowing multiple OSs to run on a
single physical machine
• The system running the hypervisor is called the “host”
• The virtual machines running on the host are “guests”
• Proprietary hypervisors: Hyper‐V, vSphere/ESXi, OVM,
and FusionSphere
• Open source hypervisors: KVM, OpenVZ, Red Hat, Xen
Type 1 Hypervisor
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Virtual Machines
Paravirtualization
Drivers and Tools
Hypervisor
Physical Host
Hardware‐Assisted Virtualization
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Components
• With hardware‐assisted virtualization the operating system
has direct access to resources without any emulation or OS
modification
• Intel (Intel VT) and AMD(AMD‐V) have supporting
virtualization technologies providing a set of new instructions
and – crucially ‐ a new privilege level
• The hypervisor can now run at Ring ‐1 so the guest operating
systems can run in Ring 0
• There's no need for paravirtualization, the VMM does less
work, and the performance hit is reduced
Type 2 Hypervisor
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Virtual Machines
Drivers and Tools
Hypervisor
Operating System
Physical Host
Infrastructure as a Service at AWS
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@aws.amazon.com
Platform‐as‐a‐Service (PaaS)
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• Offers capability to deploy consumer‐created or acquired
applications onto the cloud infrastructure
• Created using programming languages, libraries, services,
and tools supported by the cloud provider
• The customer doesn’t manage or control the underlying cloud
infrastructure
• The customer will control the deployed applications and
often configuration settings for the application‐hosting
environment
Platform‐as‐a‐Service (PaaS)
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• .NET, Java, Ruby, Python, Go, JSON, YAML, etc.
• Amazon Web Services examples
• Lightsail
• Amazon Aurora DB
• Lambda
• Elastic Beanstalk
• CloudFront
@iconshock.com
Platform‐as‐a‐Service
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@aws.amazon.com
Software‐as‐a‐Service (SaaS)
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• Customer uses the service provider’s applications running on
a cloud infrastructure
• The applications are accessible from various client devices
through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser
(e.g., web‐based email) or a program interface
• The consumer doesn’t not manage or control the underlying
infrastructure or even individual application capabilities
• There are possible exceptions of limited user‐specific
application configuration settings
Software‐as‐a‐Service (SaaS)
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• Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
• Community services
• Billing services
• Analytics services
• Personal storage services
• Security services
@iconshock.com
*‐as‐a‐Service
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• Database as a Service (DBaaS)
• Communications as a Service
(CaaS)
• Business Process as a Service
(BPaaS)
• Security as a Service (MSSPs)
• Malware as a Service (MaaS)
• Anything as a Service (XaaS)
Cloud Deployment Models
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• This decision will have a significant impact on the
organization regarding:
• Costs and budgets
• Risk treatment and handling
• Resource allocation
• Business strategy and objectives
• Governance and regulations
@iconshock.com
Public Cloud Deployment
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• Public cloud is provisioned for open use by the general public
• It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business,
academic, or government organization, or some combination
of them yet exists on the premises of the cloud provider
• AWS fully deploys the cloud and
all applications run in their cloud
• They are either created there or
migrated from an existing
infrastructure
@iconshock.com
On‐Premise Cloud Deployment
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• The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use
by a single organization comprising multiple consumers
(e.g., business units or organizational units)
• It may be owned, managed, and operated by the
organization, a third‐party, or some combination of them
• Offers the same benefits of a public cloud without giving up
control, privacy, and security
• May be necessary due to regulations (HIPAA)
• Private cloud may exist on or off premises
Community Cloud Deployment
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• Provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of
consumers from organizations that have shared concerns
• It may be owned, managed, and operated by one or more of
the organizations in the community, a third party, or some
combination of them
• Common examples are healthcare
and finance communities
• AWS has substantial compliance and
governance service offerings
@iconshock.com
Hybrid Cloud Deployment
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• A combination of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures
(private, community, or public) that remain unique entities
• They are bound together by standardized or proprietary
technology that enables data and application portability
(e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds)
• Organizations may need to keep certain resources internal
and private for mission‐criticality or regulatory reasons
• Often involves “Bursting Up” to the cloud as needed
• Simply using SaaS solutions does not make it a hybrid
Hybrid Cloud Deployment
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AWS Global Infrastructure
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AWS Shared Responsibility Model
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• Customers have complete control
over their content and are
responsible for managing critical
content security:
• Content stored on AWS
• AWS services used with the content
• The country where content is stored
• The format and structure @iconshock.com
• Access to that content
AWS Responsibilities
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• AWS operates and manages the components from the host
operating system and virtualization layer down to the physical
security of the facilities in which the services operate.
• The AWS global infrastructure is designed to security best
practices and security compliance standards on top of some
of the most secure computing infrastructure in the world.
• AWS provides tools and information to assist customers in
their efforts to account for and validate that controls are
operating effectively in their extended IT environment.
AWS Responsibilities
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• Nondescript, undisclosed locations
• 24/7 security staffing
• MFA for facility entry
• Continuous monitoring,
logging, and auditing
@iconshock.com
AWS Responsibilities
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• Automated change control process
• Physical access requires authorization
with frequent refreshing
• Bastion servers act as gateways for
privileged access
• Network boundary devices monitor
and audit access
@iconshock.com
• Intrusion detection and analysis
AWS Cloud and its Value Proposition
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• Cost
• Some customers experience 50% or more
cost reduction from their previous private
cloud or traditional hosted data center
• Eliminates large upfront investments for:
cabling, cooling, power, networks, racks,
servers, storage, certifications, and labor
• Cost reduction due to economy of scale
• Pay‐as‐you‐go and pay‐as‐you‐use
The AWS Value Proposition
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• Agility
• Companies can leverage the infrastructure
for speed, experimentation and innovation
• Rapidly respond to markets trends and new
potential
• AWS provides many tools for cost‐effective
experimentation and DIY projects
• Universal (Ubiquitous) Access
• Represents anywhere, anytime access to @iconshock.com
resources
The AWS Value Proposition
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• Elasticity
• Unlimited scalability and dynamic provisioning & deprovisioning
of processing, storage, database, and memory
• Allows organizations to shift and pool resources over different
infrastructures to avoid overprovisioning and cost overruns
• Scalability is different than elasticity as it increases (only)
workloads over existing hardware resources only
• Demand‐driven service
• An online portal that allows consumers the ability to provision
cloud resources as needed automatically and rapidly without
human interaction in most scenarios
Other Cloud Characteristics
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• Auto‐Scaling
• Auto Scaling monitors your applications and automatically adjusts
capacity to maintain steady, predictable performance at the
lowest possible cost
• CSPs allow for easy setup of application scaling for multiple
resources across multiple services in minutes
• Service offer simple, powerful user interfaces that let you build
scaling plans for instances, fleets, tasks, database tables, indexes,
and replicas
Key Aspects of AWS Cloud Economics
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• Pay‐as‐you‐go (and grow)
• Charging model that allows you to pay based on compute and
storage resources used or by the second/minute/hour
• Most providers offer calculators and consultancy
@aws.amazon.com
Key Aspects of AWS Cloud Economics
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• Metering
• The ability of provider to automate the tracking of all resources to
support the measured usage service
• Facilitates the pay‐as‐you‐go and demand‐driven features of CSPs
for billing, monitoring, and reporting
• Cloud Bursting
• The process of running applications on internal resources or a
private cloud then “bursting up” to a public/hybrid cloud solution
• Typically recommended for non‐critical, high performance
applications hosting non‐sensitive data
Key Aspects of AWS Cloud Economics
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• Chargeback
• Accounting approach that
decentralizes the cost of IT services
and applies them to the budgets of
the teams or business units
• Eliminates the need to consolidate all
service costs under one bill
• Many private clouds and internal IT
departments will use the term @iconshock.com
“showback” instead
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Segment 2: Networking
Technology
Core Networking Services
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• AWS Core networking services are
combined with Content Delivery
• The Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is
one of the primary and initial core
AWS services
• VPC allows you to set up a logically @iconshock.com
isolated segment of the AWS Cloud
where you can define and launch AWS
resources in a virtual network
Network Design
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Evaluating Networking Requirements
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VPC with Public & Private Subnets
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Options for Accessing the VPC
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• Internet‐only
• Carefully plan routing and server placement in public and
private subnets
• Encrypt application and administrative traffic using SSL/TLS, or
build custom user VPN solutions
• Use security groups and NACLs
• IPSec over the Internet
• Establish a private IPSec connection using IKEv1 and IPSec using
standard AWS VPN facilities
• Or establish customer‐ specific VPN software infrastructure in
the cloud, and on‐premises
Options for Protecting VPC
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• AWS Direct Connect without IPSec
• Depending on your data protection requirements, you might
not need additional protection over private peering.
• AWS Direct Connect with IPSec
• Establish a private IPSec connection using IKEv1 and IPSec using
standard AWS VPN facilities
• Or establish customer‐ specific VPN software infrastructure in
the cloud, and on‐premises
• Hybrid
• Using a combination of these approaches with adequate
protection mechanisms for each connectivity approach
NAT Gateways
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@rickhw.github.io
Core Networking Services
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• Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) automatically distributes incoming
application traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2
instances, containers, and IP addresses
• It can handle the varying load of your application traffic in a
single Availability Zone or across multiple Availability Zones
• Elastic Load Balancing offers three types of load balancers:
• Application Load Balancer
• Network Load Balancer
• Classic Load Balancer @iconshock.com
Elastic Load Balancing
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Auto‐Scaling Groups
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Core Networking Services
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• Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud
Domain Name System (DNS) web service
• It is designed to provide an extremely reliable and cost‐effective
way to route end users to Internet applications by translating
human readable names to IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
• Route 53 effectively connects user requests to infrastructure
running in AWS (e.g. EC2 instances, Elastic Load Balancing load
balancers, or Amazon S3 buckets) and can also be used to route
users to infrastructure outside of AWS
AWS Route 53
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@asardana.com
Core Networking Services
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• Amazon CloudFront is a fast CDN service
• It securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to
customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds within
a developer‐friendly environment
• CloudFront is integrated with AWS – both physical locations that
are directly connected to the AWS global edge locations and
various service endpoints
• Functions seamlessly with Route 53, S3 storage, Elastic Load
Balancing, EC2, and AWS Shield
Amazon CloudFront
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Amazon CloudFront
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Core Networking Services
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• AWS Direct Connect makes it easy to establish a dedicated
network connection from your premises to AWS
• Using AWS Direct Connect, you can establish private connectivity
between AWS and your data center, office, or co‐location
environment
• In many cases Direct Connect can reduce your network costs,
increase bandwidth throughput, and provide a more consistent
network experience than Internet‐based connections
Using a Direct Connect Solution
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Core Networking Services
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• AWS PrivateLink simplifies the security of data shared with
cloud‐based applications by eliminating the exposure of data to
the public Internet
• The service provides private connectivity between VPCs, AWS
services, and on‐premises applications, securely on the Amazon
network
• PrivateLink makes it easy to connect services across different
accounts and VPCs to significantly simplify the network
architecture.
AWS PrivateLink
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@aws.amazon.com
Core Networking Services
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• Amazon API Gateway is a fully managed service that makes it
easy for developers to create, publish, maintain, monitor, and
secure APIs at any scale
• Using the AWS Management Console, you can create an API to
access data, business logic, or functionality from your back‐end
services
• API Gateway handles all the tasks involved in receiving and
processing hundreds of thousands of concurrent API calls,
including traffic management, authorization and access control,
monitoring, and API version management
Core Networking Services
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• AWS Transit Gateway is a service that allows customers to
connect their VPCs and their on‐premises networks to a single
gateway
• As you grow the number of workloads running on AWS, you
need to be able to scale your networks across multiple accounts
and Amazon VPCs to keep up with the growth
• For on‐premises connectivity, you need to attach your AWS VPN
to each individual Amazon VPC
• This solution can be time consuming to build and hard to
manage when the number of VPCs grows into the hundreds
VPN Connections
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VPN Connectivity Description
Option
AWS Site‐to‐Site Create a managed IPsec VPN connection between your VPC
VPN and your remote network. On the AWS side of the VPN
connection, a virtual private gateway provides two VPN
endpoints (tunnels) for automatic failover. You configure
your customer gateway on the remote side of the VPN
connection.
AWS VPN CloudHub If you have multiple branch offices, you can create multiple
AWS managed VPN connections via your virtual private
gateway to enable communication between these networks.
Third party software Use an EC2 instance from the marketplace such as Cisco,
VPN Appliance Palo Alto Networks, Fortinet, and others
AWS Site‐to‐Site (Managed) VPN
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• Instances that you launch into a VPC can't communicate
with your own (remote) network by default.
• In a VPC, a VPN connection refers to the connection
between your VPC and your own network.
1. Attach a virtual private gateway to the VPC
2. Create a custom route table
3. Update the security group rules
4. Create an AWS managed VPN connection
Single Managed VPN Connection
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Using an Instance to Terminate VPN
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S A
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Segment 3: AWS Account
Basics
Credentials: AWS Root Account
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Credentials: AWS Root Account
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Passwords
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• AWS Account
• Individual IAM user accounts
• AWS Discussion Forums
• AWS Support Center
• AWS passwords can be up to 128 characters long and contain
special characters
• You are encouraged to create long and strong passwords that
cannot be easily guessed
Signing In to Your Accounts
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Creating an Alias
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Credential Usage Options
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Credential Usage Options
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AWS Multi‐Factor Authentication (MFA)
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• Provide a six‐digit single‐use code in addition to your standard
credentials before given access to the AWS Account settings
or AWS services and resources
• AWS MFA supports the use of both hardware tokens and
virtual MFA devices
Key Pairs
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• Amazon EC2 uses public–key cryptography to encrypt and
decrypt login information
• Public–key cryptography uses a public key to encrypt a piece
of data, such as a password, then the recipient uses the
private key to decrypt the data
• The public and private keys are known as a key pair
EC2 Instance Key Pairs
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Creating Key Pairs
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Creating Key Pairs
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AWS Command Line Interface
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AWS Command Line Interface
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AWS Command Line Interface
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AWS Command Line Interface
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Access Keys
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• AWS requires that all API requests must include a digital
signature that is used to verify the requestor identity
• Digital signature is calculated using a cryptographic hash
(HMAC‐SHA256) where the input to the function in this case
includes the text of your request and your secret access key
• Offers message integrity and anti‐replay protection
• Required to sign message using a key derived from your
secret access key instead of using the secret access key itself
Using a Bastion Host (Jump)
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Jump
Jump
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Segment 4: Compute
Technologies
Core Compute Services
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• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web
service that provides secure, resizable compute capacity in
the cloud
• The Amazon EC2 simple web service interface gives you
complete control of your computing resources and lets you
run on Amazon’s proven computing environment
• EC2 reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server
instances (Amazon EC2 instances) to minutes, allowing you to
quickly scale capacity, both up and down, as your computing
requirements change
AWS EC2 Instance Types
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• On‐Demand Instances – you pay
for compute capacity by the hour
with no long‐term commitments
• Reserved Instances –offer you a
significant discount (up to 75%)
compared to On‐Demand
instance pricing
• Spot Instances ‐ allow you to bid
on spare Amazon EC2 computing @iconshock.com
capacity.
Core Compute Services
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• Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling helps you preserve application
availability and lets you to automatically add or remove EC2
instances according to conditions that you describe
• You can use the fleet management features of EC2 Auto
Scaling to maintain the health and availability of your fleet
• You can also use the dynamic and predictive scaling features
of EC2 Auto Scaling to add or remove EC2 instances
Auto‐Scaling Groups
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Core Compute Services
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• Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) is a fully‐
managed Docker container registry that makes it easy for
developers to store, manage, and deploy Docker container
images
• Amazon ECR is integrated with Amazon Elastic Container
Service (Amazon ECS)
• Amazon ECS is a highly scalable, high‐performance container
orchestration service that supports Docker containers and
allows you to easily run and scale containerized applications
on AWS
Core Compute Services
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• Amazon Lightsail is one of the easiest ways to launch and
manage a virtual private server with AWS
• Lightsail plans include everything necessary to jumpstart a
project for a low, predictable price:
• A virtual machine
• SSD‐ based storage
• Data transfer
• DNS management
• A static IP address
@iconshock.com
Core Compute Services
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• AWS Elastic Beanstalk is an easy‐to‐use service for deploying,
monitoring and scaling web applications and services
developed on several different platforms and applications
1. Choose your platform (Generic Docker, Preconfigured,
Preconfigured Docker)
2. Upload an application or use a sample code from AWS
3. Run it
• AWS Batch enables developers, scientists, and engineers to
easily and efficiently run hundreds of thousands of batch
computing jobs on AWS
Elastic Beanstalk
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Core Compute Services
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• AWS Lambda lets you run code
without deploying or managing
servers
• You pay only for the compute time
you consume and there is no charge
when your code is not running
• You can run code for virtually any
type of application or backend
service—all with zero administration @iconshock.com
• https://aws.amazon.com/serverless/
#usecases
Core Compute Services
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• AWS Outposts bring native AWS
services, infrastructure, and operating
models to virtually any data center, co‐
location space, or on‐premises facility
• You can use the same APIs, tools,
hardware, and the same functionality
across on‐premises and the cloud to
deliver a truly consistent hybrid
@iconshock.com
experience
• aws.amazon.com/outposts
AWS Cloud Practitioner
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Michael J.
Shannon
See You
Tomorrow!