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Process simulation involves creating a mathematical model of a chemical or physical process to represent its behavior and functions. A computer simulation models a real-world situation on a computer so that it can be studied. Process simulation is used in chemical industry for design, development, analysis and optimization of processes like chemical plants. It allows evaluating design changes quickly through mass and energy balance calculations. Different software tools are used for process simulation, mathematical modeling, CAD and plant design in chemical industry. CHEMCAD is a process simulation software that allows engineers to model chemical processes and optimize designs efficiently.

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36 views

Assignmaint 1

Process simulation involves creating a mathematical model of a chemical or physical process to represent its behavior and functions. A computer simulation models a real-world situation on a computer so that it can be studied. Process simulation is used in chemical industry for design, development, analysis and optimization of processes like chemical plants. It allows evaluating design changes quickly through mass and energy balance calculations. Different software tools are used for process simulation, mathematical modeling, CAD and plant design in chemical industry. CHEMCAD is a process simulation software that allows engineers to model chemical processes and optimize designs efficiently.

Uploaded by

sumit
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
TO
PROCESS
SIMULATION
Process Simulation
Introduction to Simulation
A simulation is an approximate imitation of the operation of a process or system. The act
of simulation first requires a model developed. This model is well-defined description of the
simulated subject and represent its key characteristics, such as its behavior, functions and
abstract or physical properties. Modelling refers to the process of creating model. SIMULATION
is a representation of the functioning of a system or process. Through simulation, a model,
maybe Implanted with unlimited variations, production complex scenarios. Simulation is the
process of creating an abstract representation to represent important aspects of the real world.
Your simulation model can be used to explore changes and alternatives in a low risk
environment. Simulation has been successfully applied to many applications.

How simulation work


A computer simulation is an attempt to model a real – life or hypothetical situation on a
computer so that it can be studied to see how the system works. In such simulations, the model
behavior will changes each simulation according to the set of initial, parameters assumed for the
environment. How Simulation Works. After you create a process diagram and define its
behavior, your next step is to define a simulation scenario that defines the environment in which
the simulation runs. The simulator uses information from the process model and the process
scenario to run the process for a set amount of time. Simulation works because it deals with
reality. We simulate models of real systems.

Applications of simulation in chemical industry


Process simulation is used for the design, development, analysis, and optimization of
technical processes such as: chemical plants, chemical processes, environmental systems, power
stations, complex manufacturing operations, biological processes, and similar technical
functions. Chemical process simulation aims to represent a process of chemical or physical
transformation through a mathematic model that involves the calculation of mass and energy
balances coupled with phase equilibrium and with transport and chemical kinetics equations.
Process Simulation in chemical industry
In this modern age of powerful computers, it often makes no sense to put pencil to paper
like in the old days. Now, new software can perform repetitive chemical engineering
calculations in a fraction of the time it takes to execute them by hand. Imagine you have been
tasked to design a distillation column to produce a 90% benzene overhead product and a 95%
toluene bottoms product. You look up the VLE data for benzene-toluene, carefully construct
your x-y diagram, draw the feed line, and step off your McCabe-Thiele trays. Estimate tray
efficiencies. Then you calculate your mass and energy balance, product and bottoms dew points
and bubble points, and estimate your overhead condenser and column reboiler duties. Wrestle
with those tedious hydraulics equations to determine the column diameter. Then dust off the old
heat transfer equations and sometime later you have your condenser and reboiler sized. Finally -
the system is designed. And then they decide they want 95% benzene, and by the way, the feed
rate is 2,500 pounds per hour, not 1,500.

The Advantage of Simulation


For the example above, getting the initial solution using process simulation software would
take....about the same amount of time. BUT, when the design conditions are changed - and has
there ever been a design where they haven't? - the speed and accuracy of process simulation
begins to save tremendous time and money. And not only for design changes. In the example
above, you had to select your reflux rate based on some old rule of thumb about the optimum
reflux being some multiple of the minimum reflux. Wouldn't it be better to be able to plot reflux
rate versus energy usage? Versus number of trays? And automatically, with one software
command?
Multiple runs - quickly. Process design optimization - quickly. Such is the power of process
simulation. The example given above is for a distillation tower, but the same holds true for any
number of chemical engineering unit operations - heat exchangers, reactors, heaters, absorbers,
extractors, crystallizers, evaporators; even pumps, compressors, and piping systems. In fact,
even an entire plant - in one model. And operations. Have you ever wondered if that old packed
tower or heat exchanger will work in this new application? Let's model it and see.
Different types of software used in chemical industry
There are various software available in market which are used by chemical engineers in
Academia as well as commercial purpose. The major segregation of software is based on subject
& application i.e. Process simulator, flow simulator, Mathematical Simulation tool, CAD, plant
& Equipment design etc. Employing nitric acid production, methanol and ammonia recycle
loops, and SO2 oxidation reactor case studies and other practical examples, Introduction to
Software for Chemical Engineers shows how computer packages such as Excel, MATLAB?,
Mathcad, CHEMCAD, Aspen HYSYS?, gPROMS, CFD, DEM, GAMS, and AIMMS are used
in the CHEMCAD is Chemstations' software suite for process simulation that broadens an
engineer's capabilities and increases productivity. ... CHEMCAD is scalable and allows users to
purchase only the features they need for a specific industry and process, enabling them to create
their own customized version.

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