National Institute of Electronics &

Information Technology
A Project Report
On

COMMON WEALTH GAMES

GUIDE NAME -RAVINDRA KUMAR RAWAT

STUDY CENTER: - NEET INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

SUBMITTED BY: - ANUJ KUMAR

REGISTRATION NUMBER: -1287725

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Now, when my project “COMMON WEALTH GAMES” has been

successfully completed I would like to thank all those people who made all this
possible.

First, I would like to thank Mr. Mohd. Ahsan, Directior, Neet Institute of
Technology & Management Lucknow, for his relentless co–operation. I
acknowledgement my deepest gratitude for my guide, Mr. RAVINDRA
KUMAR RAWAT for his connoisseur guidance, limitless support, endless
optimism and motivation while carrying out this project work.

I express my heartfelt thanks to my friends for standing by me in all times

and all staff members of Neet Institute of Technology & Management
Lucknow for providing the necessary facilities and valuable data set to
accomplish the project work. I am deeply indebted in gratitude to my parents for
their faith in me throughout, for their inspiration and for being with me through
all troubles and tribulation. I also thank my sister for her support throughout the
processing of this assignment.

Last but not be least I thank all those who have helped me directly or indirectly
at various stages of this project.

SUBMITTED BY: - ANUJ KUMAR

REGISTRATION NUMBER: -1287725
NEET INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LUCKNOW
 PROJECT CERTIFICATE FOR ‘O’ LEVEL CANDIDATE

This is to certify that the project work done at Neet Institute of Technology &
Management Lucknow by Mr. ANUJ KUMAR (NIELIT Registration
No.:1287725) in partial fulfillment of ‘O’ Level Examination has been found
satisfactory.

This report had not been submitted for any examination and does not part of any
other course undergone by the candidate. It is further certified that he has
appeared in all the four modules.

____________ __________________

SIGNATURE OF GUIDE: SIGNATURE OF CENTER IN-CHARGE

NAME:

PLACE:
 APPROVAL

I certify that this project "COMMON WEALTH GAMES" is the original

work of the above named candidate and has been done under my supervision.
To the best of my knowledge and belief, this work which completed, fulfils the
requirement of the ordinance relating to the final o level and is up to standard in
respect of content, presentation and language for being referred to the examiner

Project Advisor

Signed: ........................................... Date:....................................................

 DECLARATION
I ANUJ KUMAR, declare that the project report entitled "COMMON
WEALTH GAMES" submitted to Neet Institute of Technology &
Management Lucknow own work with suggestion received during work,
which have been suitably acknowledged.

Signed(................................................., Date...........................................
ANUJ KUMAR
(Reg. No. 1287725)
 TABLE OF CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION TO HTML

2. SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

3. OUTPUT SCREENSHOT

4. SOURCE CODE

5. REFERENCES
 SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

PROCESSOR Intel Pentium IV 2.4 GHZ OR ABOVE

CLOCK SPEED 500 MG

SYSTEM BUS 32 Bits

RAM 1 GB RAM

HDD 80 GB OR HIGHER

MONITOR LED MONITOR

KEYBOARD 108 KEYS

MOUSE 2 BUTTON MOUSE

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
Operating system : MS Windows 7
Browser : Internet Explorer 6.0, Google Chrome
 INTRODUCTION TO HTML

➢ Hypertext Markup Language

➢ HTML is not a programming language, in that it does not specify

logic. It specifies the structure of a document.

➢ Markup is information that is added to a text of document to convey

information about the document's structure or presentation.

➢ What you see on your screen just looks like a page of text, but the
formatting is done "behind the scenes" by the markup.

➢ Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is used to tell Web browsers

how to structure and, some may say, display Web pages.

➢ Although HTML is the basis for Web pages, you need to know a lot more
than HTML to build useful Web pages (unless the page is very simple).

➢ The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the primary organization

that attempts to standardize HTML.

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 ABOUT HTML DOCUMENT

How to create Web Page

➢ Many high-level tools exist for creating Web pages like Microsoft
FrontPage, Netscape Composer, Adobe PageMill, Macromedia DreamWeaver,
HotDog …

➢ Also, many applications have "save to HTML" options like Word,

Notepad

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First Look at HTML

➢ How you want the content to be displayed.

➢ For example, if you want to show that a section of text is important, you
surround the corresponding text with the markup tags, <b> and </b>, as shown
here:

<b>This is important text!</b>

➢ When a Web browser reads a document that has HTML markup in it, it
determines how to render the document onscreen by considering the HTML
elements embedded within it.

➢ So we see that an HTML document is simply a text file that contains the
information you want to publish and the appropriate markup instructions
indicating how the browser should structure or present the document.

➢ These markup elements are made up of a start tag such as <b>, and also
might include an end tag, which is indicated by a slash within the tag such as
</b>.

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➢ The tag pair should fully enclose any content to be affected by the
element, including text and other HTML markup.

➢ Some HTML elements, called empty elements, do not enclose any

content, and thus need no close tags at all. For example, to insert a line break,
use the <br> tag, which represents the empty br element as it doesn't enclose
any content and has no corresponding close tag.

<br>

➢ A complete overview of the structure of HTML elements is shown here:

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 Structure of HTML

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"

"[Link]

<html>

<head>

<title> Document Title Goes Here </title>

...Head information describing the document ....

</head>

<body>

...Document content and markup go here....

</body>

</html>

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➢ The first line of the template is the <!DOCTYPE> indicator, which shows
the particular version of HTML being used.

➢ Within the <html> tag, the basic structure of a document reveals two
primary sections: the "head" and the "body".

➢ The head of the document, as indicated by the head element, contains

information and tags describing the document such as its title.

➢ The body of the document, as indicated by the body element, contains the
document itself with associated markup required for structure or presentation.

The <html> Tag

The <html> tag delimits the beginning and the end of an HTML document.
Given that

<html> is the common ancestor of an HTML document it is often called the root
element, as it is the root of an inverted tree structure containing the tags and
content of a document. The <html> tag, however, directly contains only the
<head> tag, the

<body> tag, and potentially the <frameset> tag instead of the <body> tag. The
<html>

tag's typical use in a document is as a container for all other elements.

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The <head> Tag

➢ The information in the head of an HTML document is very important

because it is used to describe or augment the content of the document.

➢ In many cases, the information contained within the <head>tag is

information about the information of the page, which generally is referred to as
meta-information.

➢ This is a very important and often overlooked aspect of HTML

documents. Search engines use meta-information to index Web pages.

➢ Aside from meta-information, the head element can include author

contact information, scripts, style sheets, comments—and, most importantly, a
page title.

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The <title> Tag

➢ The most important head element is the title element, which most
browsers display in a title bar at the top of the browser window. The document
title is actually the only tag required under traditional HTML specifications and
should occur as the first element within the head element. Regardless of
specification variations, the <title> tag must be used in every HTML document
as it gives an HTML document a title by which it is known to browsers and
indexing robots. Browsers display the document title while the document is
being viewed, and might also use the title in bookmark lists.

➢ Search engines that index the Web often place special meaning on the
contents of the title element when determining what a page is about. Because of
this, a title should indicate the contents of a page without ambiguity.

➢ While titles should be descriptive, they should also be concise. Authors

should limit title length to a reasonable number of characters.

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Other head Elements

In addition to the title element within the head element include base, isindex,
link, meta, object, script, and style.

The <base> tag specifies an absolute URL address that is used to provide server
and directory information for partially specified URL addresses called relative
links used within the document.

The <isindex> tag indicates that the document contains a searchable index. It
causes the browser to display a query prompt and a field for entering a query.

The <link> tag specifies a special relationship between the current document
and another document. It can be used in hypertext navigational relationships
including prefetching of documents by browsers.

The <meta> tag uses name/value pairs to provide meta-information about a

document. The <meta> element often provides descriptive information targeted
by Web search engines. In a very different use, the <meta> tag can define
various HTTP request values such as a page refresh or an expiration time.

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 OUTPUT SCREENSHOT
PROJECT

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FRAME 1

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FRAME 2

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HOME PAGE

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HISTORY

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MEDALS

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GAMES

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MASCOTS

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PLACES

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OUR RELEVANCE

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COUNTRIES

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AUSTRALIA

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ENGLAND

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INDIA

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CANADA

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NEWZEALAND

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SOUTHAFRICA

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WALES

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SCOTLAND

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NIGERIA

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CYPRUS

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MELBOURNE 2006

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DELHI 2010

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GLASGOW 2014

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GOLD COAST 2018

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BIRMINGHAM 2022

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 SOURCE CODE

PROJECT

<html>

<head>

</head>

<frameset rows="15%,*">

<frame name="frame1" src="[Link]" framescroll="no"/>

<frameset cols="20%,*">

<frame name="frame2" src="[Link]" />

<frame name="display" src="[Link]" />

</frameset>

</html>

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 FRAME 1

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1 align=center><imgsrc="[Link]" height=70% width=15%/>

COMMONWEALTH GAMES 2018 <imgsrc="[Link]" height=70%

width=15% /></h1>

<div id="footer">

<h5><marquee direction="left" >© This Webpage is created by Rajan

Singh.</marquee></h5>

</body>

</html>

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 FRAME 2

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display">HISTORY </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> MEDALS </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display" >GAMES </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> MASCOT </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display">PLACES </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> OUR RELEVENCE

</a></h3>

<h3><a href=[Link] target="display"> COUNTRIES</a></h3>

<ul type=bullet align=center>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">AUSTRALIA </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">ENGLAND </a>

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<li><a href="[Link]" target="display" >INDIA</a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">CANADA </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">NEWZEALAND </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">SOUTH AFRICA </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">WALES </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">SCOTLAND </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">NIGERIA </a>

<li><a href="[Link]" target="display">CYPRUS</a>

</ul>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> MELBOURNE 2006

</a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> COMMONWEALTH GAME

DELHI 2010 </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> GLASGOW 2014 </a></h3>

<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display"> GOALD COAST 2018

</a></h3>

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<h3><a href="[Link]" target="display" > BIRMINGHAM 2022

</a></h3>

</body>

</html>

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 HOME PAGE

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1 align="center"> COMMONWEALTH GAMES </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"/>

The Commonwealth Games are an international multi-sport event involving

athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first held in 1930,

and has taken place every four years since then.

Commonwealth Games were known as the British Empire Games from 1930 to

1950, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games from 1954 to 1966, and

British Commonwealth Games from 1970 to 1974.

It is the world's first multi-sport event which inducted equal number of women’s

and men’s medal events and was implemented recently in the 2018

Commonwealth Games.

<br><br>

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Their creation was inspired by the Inter-Empire Championships, as a part of the

Festival of Empire, which were held in London, United Kingdom in 1911.

Melville Marks Robinson founded the games as the British Empire Games

which were first hosted in Hamilton in 1930. During the 20th and 21st

centuries, the evolution of the games movement has resulted in several changes

to the Commonwealth Games.

Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Commonwealth Winter

Games for snow and ice sports for the commonwealth athletes,

the Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for commonwealth athletes with a

disability and the Commonwealth Youth Games for commonwealth athletes

aged 14 to 18. The first edition of the winter games and

paraplegic games were held in 1958 and 1962 respectively, with their last

edition

held in 1966 and 1974 respectively and the first youth games were held in 2000.

The 1942 and 1946 Commonwealth Games were cancelled because of the

second world war.

Apart from many Olympic sports, the games also include some sports that are

played predominantly in Commonwealth countries but which are not part of the

Olympic programme, such as lawn bowls, netball and squash

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Although there are currently 53 members of the Commonwealth of Nations, 71

teams currently participate in the Commonwealth Games, as a number of

dependent territories compete under their own flags.

The most recent Commonwealth Games were held in Gold Coast from 4 to 15

April 2018. The next Commonwealth Games are to be held in Birmingham

from 27 July to 7 August 2022.

</p>

</body>

</html>

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 HISTORY

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body bgcolor="#4348978">

<h1 align="center"><a

href="[Link]

[Link]"> HISTORY </a></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=40% width=40% align="right"></img>

History of the Commonwealth Games The concept

The concept of a united Commonwealth sporting event had been talked about

amongst Commonwealth nations since the rebirth of the Olympic Games.

<br><br

A sporting competition bringing together the members of the British Empire

was first proposed by Reverend Astley Cooper in 1891, when he wrote an

article in The Times newspaper suggesting a "Pan-Britannic-Pan-Anglican

Contest and Festival every four years as a means of increasing the goodwill and

good understanding of the British Empire".<br><br>

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The Precursor

In 1911, the 'Festival of Empire' was held in London to celebrate the coronation

of King George V. As part of the festival, an Inter-Empire

Support for the concept was forthcoming from England, Scotland, Wales and

Ireland, with the result that strong teams were sent to Canada. Teams also came

from Australia, New Zealand, Bermuda, The success of the first Games at

Hamilton in 1930 provided enough incentive to make them regular. Since 1930,

they have taken place every four years except for 1942 and 1946, when they

were disrupted due to World War II. The Melbourne Games are the 16th to be

held. From 1930 to 1950 the Games were known as the British globe have been

founded on geographic or climatic factors such as the Asian, Pan Am, African

Games and Winter Olympics, the Commonwealth Games has been founded on

history. A unique converse with each other in English, creating an atmosphere

that has led to the Commonwealth

<br>

<imgsrc="[Link]" />

<hr>

<div id="footer">

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<h5><marquee direction="left" >© This Webpage is created by Rajan

Singh.</marquee></h5>

<hr>

</body>

</html>

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MEDALS

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body bgcolor="337755">

<h1 align="center"> Medals </h1>

<h1 align="center">

<imgsrc="medal_3.jpg" />

</h1>

</body>

</html>

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 GAMES

<html>

<head>

<title></title>

<body bgcolor="3849529">

<h1 align=center><a

href="[Link] Gold

Coast 2018 Games </a></h1>

<p><hr>The 2018 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXI

Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Gold Coast 2018, were an

international multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth that were

held on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018.

The Gambia which withdrew its membership from the Commonwealth of

Nations and Commonwealth Games Federation in 2013, was readmitted on 31

March 2018 and participated in the event .

These were the first Commonwealth Games to take place under the

Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) presidency of Louise Martin, CBE.

<h1 align="center"><b> Gold Coast Hockey Centre </b></h1>

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<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"/>

Keith Hunt Park, 125 Musgrave Ave, Labrador QLD 4215.

The $16.5 million redevelopment of the Gold Coast Hockey Centre was

completed in June 2017 and now provides the Gold Coast with contemporary

hockey facilities designed to cater for elite training and competitions as well as

community use.

The redevelopment included two newly developed, internationally certified, all-

weather synthetic hockey pitches with north-south orientation, in addition to an

expansion of the clubhouse amenities, an upgraded car park and surrounding

parklands.

</p>

<br><br>

<hr>

<br><br><br>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"/>

Kathleen McCaskie, the GC2018 Hockey Manager said the new facility

“provides an incredible legacy for the Gold Coast community.

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<br><br><br><br>

The upgraded clubhouse will become the meeting place for social gathers

among the hockey community, while the new pitches provide athletes of all

skills and levels the rare opportunity to train and compete on an international

facility.

</p>

<h1 align="center"><b> Badminton </b></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right" ></img>

A fast-paced spectacle of speed, agility and precision timing, Badminton is

considered the fastest competitive racket sport in the world. A sport that wows

crowds all over the globe – in particular in its birthplace of Asia – Badminton,

to be held in Arena 2, is one of four sports to be held at the brand new Carrara

Sports and Leisure Centre.

It is on this battleground that men and women are brought together, with

Badminton one of few competitions to feature a mixed team event on the

program.

<br><br>

<hr>

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<br><br><br>

<h1 align="center"><b> Boxing </b></h1>

Mary Komwon?India’s first gold medal in boxing when she won the women’s

48 kg final at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast on Saturday.

<br>

GauravSolanki and VikasKrishan were the other two Indian boxers to win gold

medals on the day. Shooter Sanjeev Rajput then clinched the yellow metal in

men’s 50m rifle 2 positions, while Neeraj Chopra became the first Indian to win

a gold medal in javelin throw.

<br>

Wrestlers Sumit Malik and VineshPhogat won gold in wrestling, while

ManikaBatra won the women’s singles gold in table tennis. Get highlights of

2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast here.

<br><br>

<imgsrc="[Link]"></img>

<hr>

<h1 align="center"><b>Shooting </b></h1>

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<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"/>

There are four shooting disciplines on the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth

Games program – Fullbore, Pistol, Rifle and Shotgun

Table Tennis competition at the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games will

consist of singles, doubles, mixed doubles and team events.

<br><br>

<imgsrc="[Link]" class="center"></img>

<hr><imgsrc="[Link]" />

</p>

</body>

</html>

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 MASCOT

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body bgcolor="474834">

<h1 align="center"><font face="MATURA MT SCRIPT CAPITALS">

COMMONWEALTH GAMES MASCOTS </font></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=65% width=60% align="right"></img>

Mascots for the Commonwealth Games have been created since 1970, though

not officially before 1978.

<br><br>

They are now an integral part of the promotion and commercial success of the

Commonwealth Games. See more details about the mascot for the 2010 Games

(Shera) and the 2006 Mascot (Karak).

<br><br>

Sporting events are obsessed with producing giant cuddly mascots and the

Commonwealth Games is no different, so for Gold Coast 2018 we have Borobi.

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Borobi is a big blue koala bear who will be entertaining fans at the event in

Australia over the next couple of weeks.

Decked out in yellow shorts and a white vest most of the time, the marsupial has

also shown off his impressive fashion sense by sporting a tuxedo (sometimes

with shorts, sometimes more traditionally). </p>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" height=90%

width=60%></img></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" height=90%

width=60%></img></h1>

</body>

</html>

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 PLACES

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body color="662389">

<h1 align="center"> COMMONWEALTH GAMES </h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

</body>

</html>

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 OUR RELEVENCE

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<p>Sport underpins the unique connections and friendships which bring

together a third of the world’s population as citizens of the nations and

territories of the Commonwealth.

Among our membership are some of the world’s largest and smallest countries,

from India, with over 1.2 billion people to Nauru with a population of 10,000.

More than 60% of the Commonwealth citizens are under 30. And with new

members joining, Gold Coast 2018 upon us, preparations for Birmingham 2022

well underway, and the high-profile Commonwealth Heads of Government

Meeting in April, the Commonwealth is entering an era of renewed relevance.

<imgsrc="[Link]" />

<imgsrc="[Link]" />

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<imgsrc="[Link]" />

</p>

</body>

</html>

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 COUNTRIES

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body color="662389">

<h1 align="center"> COUNTRIES </h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

</body>

</html>

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 AUSTRALIA

<html>

<head>

<title></title>

</head>

<body bgcolor="226688">

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<p> Australia competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast,

Queensland between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was Australia's 21st appearance at

the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their

inception in 1930. Being the host nation, Australia sent a contingent of 474

athletes, participating in all of the 18 sports staged. Though only 469

competed.<imgsrc="[Link]" height=100% width=100%></img>

<hr>

<h1 align="center"> Hockey </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"/>

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The Australia women's national field hockey team (nicknamed the Hockeyroos)

are, as of September 2015, ranked second in the world.[ Having played their

first game in 1914, and their first Olympic game in 1980 they are one of

Australia's most successful sporting teams, boasting three Olympic Gold Medals

from the past six Games as well as winning two World Cups (1994, 1998) and

four Commonwealth Games Gold Medals (1998, 2006, 2010, 2014 . Fearnley

joins another T54 1,500m representative in Angela Ballard as the only

Australian athletes at GC2018 still competing from the Paralympic Games in

2000.

<h1 align="center"> Athletics </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right" />

<h1 align="center"> Swimming </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right" />

Commonwealth Games 2018: Australia’s swimmers lap up a record gold haul

with eight gold medals on the final night of competition, the Australian

swimming team sent the hometown crowd into orbit and the record-keepers into

meltdown at the Gold Coast Commonwealth Games last night.

The final tally of 28 gold medals included seven in para swimming events.

Australian swimmers won 73 medals — 21 silver and 24 bronze as well as the

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28 gold. The haul is Australian swimming’s largest at a single Games, eclipsing

the 57 medals won in Glasgow four years ago.

<br><br>

<imgsrc="[Link]"/>

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INDIA

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<h1>Commonwealth Games 2018: India's Performance Explained in Numbers

</h1>

<h1 align=center> INDIA <imgsrc="[Link]" width=100%></img></h1>

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<p>India finished third in the medals tally at the Commonwealth Games 2018

with 66 medals (26 Gold, 20 Silver and 20 Bronze). Only Australia with 198

medals and England with 136 were ahead.

<br>India's 26 Golds was also third, behind Australia (80) and England (45).

India's combined 66 medals is its third best showing in the history of the

Games. India's best remains 101 in New Delhi (2010), followed by 69 in

Manchester (2002).

<imgsrc="[Link]"></img>

<br>India bettered its showing in Glasgow 2014, , where we finished fifth

overall, by just two medals. In Glasgow, India claimed 15 Gold, 30 Silver and

19 Bronze. India's best Gold tally of 38 came at home in 2010.

<imgsrc="[Link]"></img>

<br>In table tennis, it was a memorable Games for ManikaBatra as she picked

up medals in all events she competed in -- Singles Gold, Women's Doubles

Gold, Women's Team Gold and rounding off the Games with Mixed Doubles

Bronze. Batra made history by becoming the first Indian woman to win an

individual table tennis Gold at the Games.

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<br>SainaNehwal became the first Indian to win two singles Golds at the

Games after defeating PV Sindhu. Saina had also won the title in 2010 in New

Delhi.

<p>The Commonwealth Games 2018 has been historic for India in more than

one sense: India landed its 500th medal at the event, had a fine run in the Games

with 66 medals -- mostly gold, and finished third in the medals tally.

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=100% width=100%></img>

A little number crunching reveals we may be looking at the tipping point in

Indian sports.

India’s performance at the 21st edition of the CWG pretty much establishes

what Commonwealth Delhi had signalled: the hitherto lifeless sporting culture

in the country may be coming to life. A little number-crunching ignites hope

that sports in India may have better days ahead.

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=100% width=100%></img>

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=100% width=100%></img>

<br><br><br>

Majority of India’s medals still come from few sports eight of every 10 medals

won by India at Gold Coast were won in the games Indian sportspersons have

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historically excelled at. A quarter of all medals came from shooting. The

success rate of the Indian contingent for shooting was quite impressive too with

16 medals coming from India’s 27 entries in the sport. That’s a success rate of

almost 60 percent.

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=100% width=100%></img>

While it may be seen as India’s failure to diversify its portfolio of medal-

winning sports, it also indicates that India are emerging as champions in these

fields.

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"></img>

Traditionally men have dominated sports in India. Emergence of few star

female players in the last few years has signalled a major shift in this sphere.

GC 2018 saw some stupendous performance by female athletes: 50 per cent of

all golds won by India were brought in by women players. Their medal victories

were also quite diversified indicating emergence of great female athletes across

categories.

<br><br><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=70%></img>

<br><br><br>

The list of India’s medal winners at the Gold Coast games

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Gold (26)

SainaNehwal clinched women’s singles gold in badminton.

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=100% width=100%></img>

Neeraj Chopra became the first Indian javelin thrower to claim a gold medal at

the Commonwealth Games.

<br><br>

In the 52kg Boxing event GauravSolanki won gold.

<imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=60%></img>

<br><br>

In wrestling, Sumit Malik claimed the gold medal in the men’s freestyle 125 kg.

<br><br>

Weightlifter PunamYadav became the third woman to win gold for India,

coming out on top in the women's 69 kg category at the CWG 2018.

Weightlifter SanjitaChanu landed India its second gold medal, winning the top

spot in the women’s 53kg category.

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Weightlifter MirabaiChanu was the first gold medal winner for India, on the

opening day, in the women's 48 kg [Link] mixed doubles squash,

DipikaPallikal and SauravGhosal claim silver.

Boxer Manish Kaushik won silver in the Men's 60 kg

[Link]’sAmitPanghal won silver after losing a very close bout in the

Boxing Men’s 46-49kg Final.

<br><br>

ManikaBatra and Mouma Das fought hard before going down against defending

champions FengTianwei and Yu Mengyu to settle for a silver medal in the

women’s doubles, a first ever for India in the Commonwealth Games.

<br><br>

AnjumMoudgil bagged silver in the women’s 50m rifle 3 positions event.

Wrestler PoojaDhanda made a late push in the women’s 57kg final bout to win

silver.

<br><br>

Wrestler MausamKhatri failed to make use of his wealth of experience as he

settled for a silver medal in men’s freestyle 97 kg event. SeemaPunia came up

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with a best effort of 60.41m in the women's discus throw, which she did in her

opening attempt to win her fourth successive CWG medal

<imgsrc="[Link]"></img>

One more medal for weightlifting, Vikas Thakur added a shade of bronze to

Indian weightlifters’ golden run at the Commonwealth Sachin Chaudhary did

the country proud by bagging a bronze medal in the men’s heavyweight

category in para powerlifting of the XXI Commonwealth Games.

<imgsrc="[Link]"></img>

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 CANADA

<html>

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</head>

<body bgcolor="cyan">

<h1 align=center><imgsrc="[Link]"></img></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" align="right"/>

Canada competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Australia

from April 4 to April 15, 2018. It was Canada's 21st appearance at the

Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception

in 1930..

In April 2018, more than 6500 athletes and team officials from more than 70

nations & territories travelled around the world to Australia to compete in Gold

Coast’s Commonwealth Games. The Gold Coast is renowned for its relaxed

lifestyle, magnificent coastline, soaring skyline and world heritage listed

rainforests.

Elaine Tanner was the first athlete in history to win quad gold at any

Commonwealth Games and was awarded the most outstanding athlete in

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Jamaica. She also set two World Records; on in the 220 Butterfly and another

in the 440 Individual Medley.

<hr>

<h1 align=center> Weightlifting </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50%

align="right"></img>

Weightlifting at the 2018 Commonwealth Games was held in the Gold Coast

from April 5 to 9.

<br><br>

The Weightlifting competition was be held at the Carrara Sports and Leisure

Centre. A total of eight men's and eight women's events were held.

<br><br>

On 7 October 2016, it was announced seven new events for women were added

to the sport program, have equality in terms of events. This included the

addition of an additional female event in the weightlifting competitions.

<br><br>

<hr>

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<h1 align=center> Gymnastic </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right"/>

Gymnastics Canada is proud to nominate the gymnasts who will represent

Canada at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast,

Canada competitions at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast,

Australia, are scheduled to be held from April 5 to 9, 2018 (artistic) and 11 to

13 (rhythmic) at the Coomera Indoor Sports Centre.

<br><br>

<hr>

<h1 align=center> Basketball </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right">

CANADA BASKETBALL ROSTERS ANNOUNCED FOR 2018

COMMONWEALTH GAMES TEAMS

Basketball has only been on the Commonwealth Games program once, at

Melbourne 2006 (Canada did not enter teams in the tournament), and Australia

won both the men's and women's tournaments at those Games.

<br><br>

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In addition to Basketball, Team Canada 2018 will be taking part in 17 sports

and 7 para-sports at the Gold Coast Games, with over 260 athletes expected to

be named to the team.

Canada Basketball

</p>

<br><br>

<hr>

<h1 align=center> Rugby </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right">

Rugby sevens at the 2018 Commonwealth Games is being held on the Gold

Coast, Australia from April 13 to 15. The rugby sevens competition will be held

at Robina Stadium. This is the sixth time that the men's competition was held,

following rugby sevens's debut at the 1998 Games, with women's rugby sevens

making its debut

<br><br>

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GD COAST, Australia — The Canadian women's rugby sevens team will leave

the Commonwealth Games without a medal after falling 24-19 to England in the

bronze-medal match on Sunday.

"We're disappointed, the first minute of the game, they go up two tries, and for

the girls to claw back like that, it's a heck of an effort," Landry says, her voice

breaking. "You can be proud of that.

<hr>

<h1 align=center> Squash </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right">

Squash was featured in the Commonwealth Games for the first time in 1998. It

was played at a state-of-the-art new centre, at Bukit Talil in Malaysia, featuring

moving court walls to enable doubles to be played on full size courts. The

tournament includes Men's and Women's Singles, Men's and Women's Doubles,

and Mixed Doubles events.

</p>

<br><br>

<hr>

<h1 align=center> Hockey </h1>

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<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right">

The Canada Masters Hockey initiative supports Field Hockey Canada’s

strategic objective of developing and strengthening field hockey across the

country and fostering a robust Canadian hockey family.

They are currently ranked 21st in the world by the International Hockey

Federation (FIH). For each competition, 16 to 18 members of this roster, and

potentially members of the Senior or Junior Development Squads, are selected

to represent Canada in competition.

</p>

<br><br>

<hr>

<h1 align=center> Cycling </h1>

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<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=50% align="right">

Cycling Canada Names 18 Athletes to the 2018 Gold Coast Team. Ottawa, ON,

January 24, 2018 – Commonwealth Games Canada and Cycling Canada

announced today the nine women and nine men who will represent Canada in

the cycling events at the XXI Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Australia,

on April 5-14, 2018.

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 NEWZEALAND

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<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" align="right" height=80% width=30%/>

Since the first in 1930, New Zealand has competed in all 21 editions of the

Commonwealth Games and has won a total of 656 medals including 159 gold.

<br><br>

The New Zealand Olympic Committee (known as The New Zealand Olympic

and Commonwealth Games Association prior to 1994) is the body in New

Zealand responsible for selecting Athletes to represent New Zealand at the

Commonwealth Games. The NZOC is a member of the Commonwealth Games

Federation.

In 1978 Nigeria boycotted the Commonwealth Games in protest at New

Zealand's sporting contacts with apartheid-era South Africa. </p>

<h1> MEDALS TALLY </h1>

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<p> Historically, New Zealand has generally been 4th or 5th, though was up to

3rd (1950 & 1962), and down to 11th (1970 & 2010) and 9th (2006). At the first

games in 1930, New Zealand's 4th position was ahead of Australia at 5th. At the

conclusion of the 2014 Commonwealth Games, New Zealand has earned 159

gold medals, 220 silver medals and 278 bronze medals. In the all-time medal

tally New Zealand is ranked 5th behind Australia, England, Canada and India.

</p>

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 SOUTH AFRICA

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<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" heigth=20% width=20% /></h1>

<p>

<imgsrc="[Link]" align="right" />

South Africa competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast,

Australia from April 4 to April 15, 2018.

South Africa attended the Hamilton 1930 British Empire Games and joined the

Commonwealth in 1931 under the Statute Westminster.

<br>

It then left the Commonwealth in 1961 and re-joined in 1994. It participated in

the games held from 1930 to 1958 and then again from 1994 to 2014.

<br>

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The nation eon 46 medals at the Manchester 2002 Commonwealth Games, 38

medals at the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games and 33 medals at the

Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games.

<br>

One hundred and eighty-seven athletes represented South Africa at the Glasgow

2014 Commonwealth Games who added a further 40 medals to its overall tally.

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 WALES

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<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" align="right" />

Wales is one of six countries to have competed in every Commonwealth Games

since 1930, the others being Australia, Canada, England, New Zealand and

Scotland.

<br><br>

The Commonwealth Games is the only major sporting event where Wales takes

part as a separate entity, apart from the Six Nations Rugby Championship

Rugby

<br><br>

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World Cup and international association football competitions, as in other

events, such as the Olympic Games, they compete under the banner of the

United Kingdom.

<br><br>

The Commonwealth Games Council for Wales (Welsh:

CyngorGemauGymanwladCymru) manages the team's entry to the games and

supports Welsh athletes in their participation.

Wales has hosted one Commonwealth Games to date, the 1958 British Empire

and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff.

<br><br>

<h2> Medals Tally </h2>

After the 2014 Commonwealth Games, Wales was tenth in the All-time tally of

medals, with an overall total of 270 medals (57 gold, 86 silver and 127 bronze).

<br><br>

The most gold medals that Wales have won in a Commonwealth Games is 10,

at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland.

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The largest medal haul was at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, at

which Wales won 36 medals including five gold. Both records were equalled at

the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

<br><br>

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 SCOTLAND

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<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" align="right"/>

Scotland is one of only six countries to have competed in every

Commonwealth Games since the first Empire Games in 1930.

The others are Australia, Canada, England, New Zealand and Wales. Scotland

has hosted the Commonwealth Games three times, Edinburgh in 1970 and 1986,

and Glasgow in 2014. The inaugural Commonwealth Youth Games were held in

Edinburgh in 2000.

<br><br>

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Scotland sent a team of 207 athletes and 85 officials to the 2002

Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England, and won 30 medals (6 Gold, 8

Silver and 16 Bronze).

Scotland's most successful Commonwealth medallist by total medals is shooter

Alister Allan, with 3 Gold, 3 Silver and 4 Bronze medals from 1974 to 1994.

In 2018, Lawn Bowler Alex Marshall became the most successful athlete by

Golds, winning his fifth Gold Medal which gave him 6 overall, having also won

a Silver at the Gold Coast Games.[2] Other successful medallists include athlete

<br><br>

Allan Wells (a total of 4 Gold, 1 Silver& 1 Bronze in two Games – 1978 &

1982) and Peter Heatly (diving Gold's in three successive Games & 1 Silver & 1

Bronze – 1950, 1954 & 1958). Lawn bowler Willie Wood is the first competitor

to have competed in seven Commonwealth Games, from 1974 to 2002, missing

1986 because of a dispute over amateurism.

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

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 NIGERIA

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</head>

<body bgcolor="cyan">

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" align="right" />

Bordering Benin, Cameroon, Niger and Chad, the hugely populated Federal

Republic of Nigeria lies on the Gulf of Guinea.

<br><br>

The nation joined the Commonwealth in 1960, however it was suspended from

1995 until 1999.

<br><br>

It made its debut at the Commonwealth Games in 1950, at which it won a silver

medal in the men’s high jump.

<br><br>

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Nigeria has achieved medal success at every Commonwealth Games it has

attended, with the Victoria 1994 Commonwealth Games being its most

successful.

<br><br>

Nigeria won a total of 37 medals at the Games. At the Melbourne 2006

Commonwealth Games, Nigeria won 17 medals with three of the four gold

medals won by para-sport athletes.

<br><br>

Success continued for Nigeria at the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games and

Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games with a haul of 33 and 36 medals

respectively, 11 of which were gold in both cases.

<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]" /></h1>

</p>

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 CYPRUS

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<h1 align="center"><imgsrc="[Link]"></h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" align="right" />

Cyprus joined the Commonwealth in 1961 and has attended nine

Commonwealth Games since the Edmonton 1978 Commonwealth Games.

<br><br>

It has won gold, silver and bronze medals in shooting, athletics, boxing,

gymnastics, judo and wrestling.

At the Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games, Cyprus won two gold medals,

four silver medals and two bronze medals.

The Cyprus Olympic Committee was formed in 1974 and was recognised in

1978.

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It is responsible for the organisation of Cyprus’s Commonwealth Games and

Commonwealth Youth Games teams.

<h1><imgsrc="[Link]"></h1>

</p></body></html>

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 MELBOURNE

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<h1 align="center"> MELBOURNE COMMONWEALTH GAMES 2006

</h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=40% align="right"></img>

The 2006 Commonwealth Games, officially the XVIII Commonwealth Games

and commonly known as Melbourne 2006, were an international multi-sport

event for members of the Commonwealth that were held in Melbourne,

Victoria, Australia between 15 and 26 March 2006. It was the fourth time

Australia had hosted the Commonwealth Games.

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The site for the opening and closing ceremonies was the Melbourne Cricket

Ground which was also used during 1956 Summer Olympics.. The mascot for

the games was Karak, a red-tailed black cockatoo (a threatened species).

</p>

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 DELHI

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<h1 align="center"> COMMONWEALTH GAMES DELHI 2010 </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=40% width=40% align="right"></img>

The 2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XIX Commonwealth

Games and commonly known as Delhi 2010, was an international multi-sport

event that was held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010.

It was also the first time a Commonwealth Republic hosted the games, second

in a country not presently headed by British monarch since Malaysia in 1998.

The official mascot of the Games was Shera and the official song of the Games,

"JiyoUthoBadoJeeto", was composed by Academy and Grammy awardee Indian

recording artist A.R. Rahman.

<br><br>

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Preparation for the Games received widespread international media attention,

with criticism being levelled against the organisers for the slow pace of work, as

well as issues related to security and hygiene.

However, all member nations of the Commonwealth of Nations participated in

the event, except Fiji, which is suspended from the Commonwealth, and

Tokelau, which didn't send a team, in spite of threats of boycotts and athlete

withdrawals.

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Commonwealth games Federation chief Mike Fennell stated that "Delhi

delivered a fantastic Games". Some observers accused sections of the media of

bias, unfair expectations, and negative reporting.

The final medal tally was led by Australia with 78 golds and 177 most medals

overall. The host nation India achieved its best performance ever at the

Commonwealth Games, finishing second overall by winning 38 gold medals.

England finished third with 37 gold medals.

</p>

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 GLASGOW

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</head>

<body bgcolor="224499">

<h1 align="center"> COMMONWEALTH GAMES GLASGOW 2014 </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=40% align="right"></img>

The 2014 Commonwealth Games (Scottish Gaelic: Geamannan a' Cho-

fhlaitheis 2014), officially known as the XX Commonwealth Games and

commonly known as Glasgow 2014, (Scottish Gaelic: Glaschu 2014), was an

international multi-sport event celebrated in the tradition of the Commonwealth

Games as governed by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF). It took

place in Glasgow, Scotland, from 23 July to 3 August 2014.

Glasgow was selected as the host city on 9 November 2007 during CGF

General Assembly in Colombo, Sri Lanka, defeating Abuja, Nigeria. It was the

largest multi-sport event ever held in Scotland with around 4,950 athletes from

71 different nations and territories competing in 18 different sports, outranking

the 1970 and 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh.

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Over the last 10 years, however, Glasgow and Scotland had staged World,

Commonwealth, European, or British events in all sports proposed for the 2014

Commonwealth Games, including the World Badminton Championships in

1997.

<br><br>

The Games received acclaim for their organisation, attendance, and the public

enthusiasm of the people of Scotland, with CGF chief executive Mike Hooper

hailing them as "the standout games in the history of the movement".

<br><br>

Held in Scotland for the third time, the Games were notable for the successes of

the Home Nations of the United Kingdom, with England, Wales and hosts

Scotland achieving their largest ever gold medal hauls and overall medal hauls

at a Commonwealth Games.

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England finished top of the medal table for the first time since the 1986

Commonwealth Games, also held in Scotland. Kiribati also won its first ever

medal at a Commonwealth Games, a gold in the 105 kg men's weightlifting

competition.

<br><br>

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 GOLD COAST

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</head>

<body bgcolor="336644">

<h1 align="center"> GOLD COAST 2018 </h1>

<p><imgsrc="[Link]" height=50% width=40% align="right"></img>

The 2018 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXI Commonwealth

Games and commonly known as Gold Coast 2018, were an international multi-

sport event for members of the Commonwealth that were held on the Gold

Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018.

<br><br>

It was the fifth time Australia had hosted the Commonwealth Games and the

first time a major multi-sport event achieved gender equality by having an equal

number of events for males and female athletes.

<br><br>

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More than 4,400 athletes including 300 para-athletes from 71 Commonwealth

Games Associations took part in the event. The Gambia which withdrew its

membership from the Commonwealth of Nations and Commonwealth Games

Federation in 2013, was readmitted on 31 March 2018 and participated in the

event . With 275 sets of medals, the games featured 19 Commonwealth sports,

including beach volleyball, para triathlon and women's rugby sevens. These

sporting events took place at 14 venues in the host city, two venues in Brisbane

and one venue each in Cairns and Townsville.

The host nation Australia topped the medal table for the fourth time in the past

five Commonwealth Games, winning the most golds (80) and most medals

overall (198). England and India finished second and third respectively.

Vanuatu, Cook Islands, Solomon Islands, British Virgin Islands and Dominica

each won their first Commonwealth Games medals.

</p>

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 BIRMINGHAM

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<title>

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<body bgcolor="114488">

<h1 align="center"> BIRMINGHAM COMMONWEALTH GAMES 2022

</h1>

<p><imgsrc="birmingham 2022 [Link]" height=50% width=40%

align="right"></img>

The 2022 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXII Commonwealth

Games and commonly known as Birmingham 2022, is an international multi-

sport event for members of the <br><br>

Commonwealth that is scheduled to be held in Birmingham, England. This is

due to be the third time England has hosted the Games.

<br><br>

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The Games are expected to take place between 27 July and 7 August 2022. The

city was announced as the host at a press conference at the Arena Academy in

Birmingham on 21 December 2017.

<br><br>

A new bidding process was launched, where Liverpool and Birmingham

expressed their interests in hosting the games. On 14 March 2017, Manchester,

who previously hosted the 2002 Commonwealth Games, expressed their interest

in hosting the games. In September 2017, Birmingham beat Liverpool for the

recommended bid for England. With Birmingham being the sole bidder for the

event they won the right to stage the Games.

</p>

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 References

[Link]

[Link]

Project Submitted by- Anuj Kumar, Reg. No. 1287725 Page 107