Module 1

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3

What I Need to Know?

(Learning Objective)

Hi, welcome to the third lesson of this module. In this module you will get to
know on who are the power actors or players in the community. What makes them
power actors. This lesson will tackle on what are the bases of local community
power.

Objectives

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Analyze the functions of communities in terms of structures, dynamics and

processes;(HUMSS_CSC12-IIIa-c-5)

What’s New?
(Activity)

Activity 1. “Guess What”

Below are jumbled letters. Re-arrange the letters to come up with words or concepts
related to the elements of community. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. I A L S C O _______________________
2. E E O I N N T V R M _______________________
3. E A E I H P R L S D _______________________
4. I U O M M Y T C OEWPR _______________________
5. O I I S C T L P _______________________

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3

What is It
(Discussion)

Lesson 3: Elements of Community

In understanding the elements of community, we shall focus on the structures

and its dynamics and processes such as community power and leadership.

Structures of Communities

The social structure pertains to the interrelations of behaviours, roles, and

statuses which constitute a stable network of social interactions and relations (Delos
Santos, 2017). What does this mean? The social structure refers to the shared
relationships within the community. The choices and actions of people in a
community can either contribute to its development or destruction.

The political structure is defined not just a by the government, but also by
groups, other institutions, pressure groups, social movements, and people as parts
of the political landscape (Delos Santos, 2017). In the Philippines, the barangay is
the first level where people directly tell their concerns. It is where people can be
gathered together and does various projects. The barangay and its leaders work
hand in hand for the betterment of the community.

The economic structure is a term that describes the system of production,

distribution and consumption in a community. The products, goods and services that
are available in a community can greatly help its people.

Aside from social, political and economic structures, one must take a look at
the environmental structures. The environment plays an important role in our life.
How’s our environment now?

One cannot forget the typhoon “Sendong” last December 2011 that struck
Northern Mindanao. There were people killed, missing family members, and
destroyed homes. Everyone was affected. We cannot pin point whom to blame. But

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3
one thing is for sure, each of us has the responsibility to take care of our
environment.

Community Power

Power in a community is the ability to affect the decision making process and
the use of resources, both public and private, within a community

What are the sources of Community Power? The eight sources of community
power namely- Connections, Power in Number, Rewards, Personal Traits/Expertise,
Legitimate Power, Information and Coercion. (USDA Natural Resources
Conservation Service, 2005)

a. Connections refer to the ability to build helpful relationships with other

influential individuals, families and organizations within a community.
b. Power in number is the support of the people in a community.
c. Rewards refer to the ability to give money, recognition, or gifts.
d. Personal traits is an individual’s creativity, charm, leadership abilities or
some combination of these characteristics can foster the respect and loyalty
of others
e. Legitimate power is the position (office, title) of the leader in an institution or
community.
f. Expertise is the mastery of knowledge, skill, and talent, combined with
respect for the skill.
g. Information refers to the ability to keep or share information.
h. Coercion is the attempt to influence others using force or manipulation.

Leadership

Leadership is not one shot deal. It undergoes a process of influencing the

people around you. It is when a certain person gains the confidence, trust, and
support of others in achieving a certain goal.

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3
A person who becomes a leader is a unique person. The leadership style one
leader practices may be different from the other leaders. Hence, we will be
discovering nine leadership styles namely – Transformational, Transactional,
Servant, Autocratic, Laissez-faire, Democratic, Bureaucratic, Charismatic and
Situational.

Let us take a closer look of each of the leadership styles.

a. Transformational Leadership is typically a leader who inspires staff through

effective communication. This means that the leader has a great impact on
the life of his followers. This leadership style may help his/her followers to
change their ways of thinking, feeling and doing.
b. Transactional Leadership is a leadership style when leaders offer an
exchange; they reward good performances, while punishing bad practice.
The leader gives something to his members as a consequence of their
actions. If members do well, then a reward awaits them but if it is not, expect
for a punishment.
c. Servant Leadership prefers power-sharing models of authority, prioritising
the needs of their team and encouraging collective decision-making. The
leader chooses to be with the team and for the team. He/she would not step
one foot ahead of his/her member. There is a tendency that some of his/her
members would overpower him/her.
d. Autocratic Leadership has significant control over staff and rarely considers
worker suggestions or share power. This means that the leader most of the
time dictates and will act as a boss to his/her members without considering
the opinions of people around him. This leadership entails mere obedience to
the leader.
e. Laissez-faire leadership is characterized by their hands off approach,
allowing employees to get on with tasks as they see fit. This tells us that the
leader will just let his/her members to do their tasks on their own with less
supervision.
f. Democratic leadership is also known as participative leadership. This
means that leaders often ask for input from team members before making a

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3
final decision. The leader considers the opinion, ideas, and decision of the
majority before coming up with a final decision.

g. Bureaucratic leadership is often implemented in highly regulated or

administrative environments, where adherence to the rules and a defined
hierarchy are important. The leader always makes sure that the members
strictly observe or follow the rules or prescriptions being implemented.
h. Charismatic leadership depends greatly on the charm and personality of
the leader. The leader gets the attention and trust of the member by his/her
look, appeal and personality. Moreover, the leader creates an impact right
away by his/her presence.
i. Situational leadership makes use of different leadership styles depending
on the situation he/she faces. The leader is flexible in his leadership style as
he/she encounters in an environment.

Source: https://tec.com.au/resource/9-common-leadership-styles-which-type-
of-leader-are-you/

What’s More?
(Enrichment Activity)

Activity 2. “Presenting My Barangay”

A. Observe your barangay and examine its structures, community power and
leadership. Supply the graphic organizer to illustrate the political structure and
functions of the barangay. Answer on your activity notebook.

Political Structure and Functions of Barangay

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3

Functions of Barangay Functions of Functions of All Residents

Officials Barangay Organizations in the Barangay
BarOrganizations of

B. If you were the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Chairman in your barangay,

how would you solve the following issues exercising your power and
leadership?
1. Drug Addiction

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. Online Games Addiction

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. Depression

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3

What I Have Learned

(Generalization)

Activity 3 “Thinking Beyond”

Instructions: On your activity notebook answer the following by completing the

statements below with significant learning you have in this lesson.

I have learned/realized that

______________________________________________________________

With this realization, I will

______________________________________________________________

What I Can Do
(Application)

Activity 4. “Our Barangay: My Participation”

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3
A. As a member of the barangay, what can you contribute for the betterment of
the barangay in terms of its social, political, economic and environmental
structures? Cite doable contribution for each structure. Write your answer on
your activity notebook.

Our Barangay: My Participation

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

B. There are different leadership styles. Which type of leadership style do you
think is effective in your community? Why did you choose that leadership
style?

Lead Us, Please!

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

References:

Delos Santos, Danilo Lorenzo S. Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship,

1st ed. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc, 2017.

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Module 1
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
Grade 12 – HUMSS 1 - 6
Week 3
Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F., and Diana J. Mendoza. Zeal for Action. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House, 2016.

Prepared by:

JORIES R. SORRONDA
SHS Teacher