LFS158x - Introduction to Kubernetes

Course Overview
Is your team beginning to use Kubernetes for container orchestration? Do you need guidelines
on how to start transforming your organization with Kubernetes and cloud-native patterns?
Would you like to simplify software container orchestration and find a way to grow your use of
Kubernetes without adding infrastructure complexity? Then this is the course for you!

In this course, we will discuss some of Kubernetes' basic concepts and talk about the
architecture of the system, the problems it solves, and the model that it uses to handle
containerized deployments and scaling.

This course offers an introduction to Kubernetes and includes technical instructions on how to
deploy a stand-alone and multi-tier application. You will learn about ConfigMaps and Secrets,
and how to use Ingress.

Upon completion, developers will have a solid understanding of the origin, architecture and
building blocks for Kubernetes, and will be able to begin testing the new cloud-native pattern to
begin the cloud-native journey.

Copyright 2019, The Linux Foundation.

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Course Instructors

Chris Pokorni​ is the founder of NQB8 Cloud Tech Consulting and an independent instructor for
The Linux Foundation. Chris holds both CKA and CKAD certificates and teaches Kubernetes
courses for Administrators and Application Developers. As a consultant for small and global
enterprises alike, Chris lead workshops and designed HA Middleware/ESB, Datacenter
Monitoring and Hybrid Cloud Architecture solutions.

Neependra Khare​ is the Founder and Principal Consultant at CloudYuga Technologies, offering
training and consulting services around container technologies such as Docker, Kubernetes,
CoreOS, etc. With more than a decade of experience in the IT industry, he has worked as a
System Administrator, Support Engineer, File System Developer and Performance Engineer. He
has been running the Docker meetup group in Bangalore, India for more than three years and is
a ​Docker Captain​. Before founding CloudYuga, he worked at Red Hat as Principal Software
Engineer. In 2015, he authored a book on Docker, “​Docker Cookbook​”. In 2016, along with Chip
Childers, he co-authored a course on edX, ​LFS151x: Introduction to Cloud Infrastructure
Technologies​ for The Linux Foundation. In 2017, he authored two container courses for The
Linux Foundation: ​LFS253: Containers Fundamentals​ and ​LFD254: Containers for Developers
and Quality Assurance​.

Audience
Containers are now being used in the entire lifecycle of an application, be it Development,
Quality Assurance, or Production. As this course covers only the basics of Kubernetes, without
going into too much detail, this course is for anyone who is using or planning to use containers
in any form.

Copyright 2019, The Linux Foundation.

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Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of Linux Command Line Interface (CLI) and container technology like Docker
and rkt is required.

Course Length
2-3 hours per week for 14 weeks.

Course Learning Objectives

By the end of this course, you should be able to:

● Understand the origin, architecture, primary components and building blocks of

Kubernetes.
● Set up and access a Kubernetes cluster using Minikube.
● Run applications on the deployed Kubernetes environment, and access the deployed
applications.
● Understand the usefulness of Kubernetes communities, and how you can participate.

Course Outline

Welcome!

● Welcome!

Chapter 1. From Monolith to Microservices

● Introduction and Learning Objectives

● From Monolith to Microservices
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 2. Container Orchestration

● Introduction and Learning Objectives

● Container Orchestration
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 3. Kubernetes

● Introduction and Learning Objectives

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 ● Kubernetes
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 4. Kubernetes Architecture

● Introduction and Learning

● Kubernetes Architecture
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 5. Installing Kubernetes

● Introduction and Learning

● Installing Kubernetes
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 6. Minikube - A Local Single-Node Kubernetes Cluster

● Introduction and Learning

● Minikube - A Local Single-Node Kubernetes Cluster
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 7. Accessing Minikube

● Introduction and Learning

● Accessing Minikube
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 8. Kubernetes Building Blocks

● Introduction and Learning

● Kubernetes Building Blocks
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 9. Authentication, Authorization, Admission Control

● Introduction and Learning

● Authentication, Authorization, Admission Control

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 ● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 10. Services

● Introduction and Learning

● Services
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 11. Deploying a Stand-Alone Application

● Introduction and Learning

● Deploying a Stand-Alone Application
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 12. Kubernetes Volume Management

● Introduction and Learning

● Kubernetes Volume Management
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 13. ConfigMaps and Secrets

● Introduction and Learning

● ConfigMaps and Secrets
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 14. Ingress

● Introduction and Learning

● Ingress
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 15. Advanced Topics

● Introduction and Learning

● Advanced Topics
● Knowledge Check

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 ● Learning Objectives (Review)

Chapter 16. Kubernetes Community

● Introduction and Learning

● Kubernetes Community
● Knowledge Check
● Learning Objectives (Review)

Final Exam ​(Verified Certificate track only)

edX Platform
If you are using edX for the first time, we strongly encourage you to start by taking a free 'how to
use edX' course that the team at edX has made available. In this course, you will learn how to
navigate the edX platform, how to connect with other edX learners, how to answer problems on
the edX platform, how grades work in edX courses, and how to complete your first course. Click
here​ to register for “​DemoX​” and you will be on your way. You will find the edX platform simple
and intuitive.

Getting Help
For any​ technical issues​ with the edX platform (including login problems and issues with the
Verified Certificate), please use the ​Help​ icon located on the upper right side of your screen.

One great way to interact with peers taking this course and resolving any ​content-related
issues​ is via the ​Discussion Forums​. These forums can be used in the following ways:

● To discuss concepts, tools, and technologies presented in this course, or related to the
topics discussed in the course material.
● To ask questions about course content.
● To share resources and ideas related to Kubernetes.

We strongly encourage you not only to ask questions, but to share with your peers opinions
about the course content, as well as valuable related resources. The Discussion Forums will be
reviewed periodically by the Linux Foundation staff, but it is primarily a community resource, not
an 'ask the instructor' service.

To learn more tips on how to use them, read the following article: "​Getting the Most Out of the
edX Discussion Forums"​ .

Copyright 2019, The Linux Foundation.

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Course Timing
This course is entirely self-paced; there is no fixed schedule for going through the material. You
can go through the course at your own pace, and you will always be returned to exactly where
you left off when you come back to start a new session. However, we still suggest you avoid
long breaks in between periods of work, as learning will be faster and content retention
improved.

The chapters in the course have been designed to build on one another. It is probably best to
work through them in sequence; if you skip or only skim some chapters quickly, you may find
there are topics being discussed you have not been exposed to yet. But this is all self-paced
and you can always go back, so you can thread your own path through the material.

Learning Aids
Besides simple exposition through text and figures, this course uses several additional methods
to present the learning material, including demo videos, external resources, and knowledge
check questions.

Audit and Verified Tracks

You can enroll into an audit or a verified track. In an audit track, you will have access to all
ungraded course content: course readings, videos, and learning aids, but no certificates are
awarded when auditing. You will not be able to access any graded content (knowledge check
questions at the end of each chapter, and the final exam).

In order to receive a certificate, you will need to obtain a passing grade (please refer to the
“Grading” section below), verify your identity with edX, and pay a fee. Once all edX
requirements have been met, you can download your certificate from the Progress tab.

To learn more about audit and verified tracks, visit ​edX Help Center > Certificates​.

Grading ​(Verified Certificate track only)

At the end of each chapter, you will have a set of graded ​knowledge check questions​, that are
meant to further check your understanding of the material presented. The grades obtained by
answering these knowledge check questions will represent ​20%​ of your final grade.

The remaining ​80%​ of your final grade is represented by the score obtained in the ​final exam​.
The final exam is located at the end of the course and it consists of 30 questions.

You will have a maximum of two attempts to answer each knowledge check and final exam
question (other than True/False questions, in which case, you have only one attempt). You are

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free to reference your notes, screens from the course, etc., and there is no time limit on how
long you can spend on a question. You can always skip a question and come back to it later.

In order to complete this course with a passing grade, you must obtain a passing score
(knowledge check and final exam) of minimum 70%​.

Course Progress and Completion ​(Verified Certificate track only)

Once you complete the course (including knowledge check questions and final exam), you will
want to know if you have passed. You will be able to see your completion status using the
Progress​ tab at the top of your screen, which will clearly indicate whether or not you have
achieved a passing score.

Professional Certificate Program

Professional Certificate programs are a series of courses designed by industry leaders and top
universities to build and enhance critical professional skills needed to succeed in today's most
in-demand fields.

To learn more about our Professional Certificate, click ​here​.

About The Linux Foundation

The Linux Foundation partners with the world's leading developers and companies to solve the
hardest technology problems and accelerate open technology development and commercial
adoption. The Linux Foundation makes it its mission to provide experience and expertise to any
initiative working to solve complex problems through open source collaboration, providing the
tools to scale open source projects: security best practices, governance, operations and
ecosystem development, training and certification, licensing, and promotion.

Linux is the world's largest and most pervasive open source software project in history. The
Linux Foundation is home to Linux creator Linus Torvalds and lead maintainer Greg
Kroah-Hartman, and provides a neutral home where Linux kernel development can be protected
and accelerated for years to come. The success of Linux has catalyzed growth in the open
source community, demonstrating the commercial efficacy of open source and inspiring
countless new projects across all industries and levels of the technology stack.

The Linux Foundation's work today extends far beyond Linux, fostering innovation at every layer
of the software stack. The Linux Foundation is the umbrella organization for many critical open
source projects that power corporations today, spanning all industry sectors:

● Big data and analytics (​ODPi​, ​R Consortium​)

● Networking (​OpenDaylight​, ​ONAP​, ​OPNFV​)

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 ● Embedded (​Dronecode​, ​Zephyr​)
● Web tools (​OpenJS Foundation​)
● Cloud computing (​Cloud Foundry​, ​Cloud Native Computing Foundation​, ​Open Container
Initiative​)
● Automotive (​Automotive Grade Linux​)
● Security (​The Core Infrastructure Initiative​)
● Blockchain (​Hyperledger​)
● And many more.

To learn more about the Linux Foundation, click ​here​.

The Linux Foundation Events

The Linux Foundation hosts an increasing number of events each year, including:

● Open Source Summit North America, Europe, Japan and China

● Embedded Linux Conference + OpenIoT Summit North America and Europe
● Open Source Leadership Summit
● Open Networking Summit North America and Europe
● KubeCon + CloudNativeCon North America, Europe and China
● Automotive Linux Summit
● KVM Forum
● Linux Storage Filesystem and Memory Management Summit
● Linux Security Summit North America and Europe
● Cloud Foundry Summit
● Hyperledger Global Forum
● And many more.

To learn more about the Linux Foundation events and to register, click ​here​.

The Linux Foundation Training

The Linux Foundation offers several types of training:

● Classroom
● Online
● On-site
● Events-based.

To get more information about specific courses offered by the Linux Foundation, click ​here​.

Copyright 2019, The Linux Foundation.

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The Linux Foundation Certifications
The Linux Foundation certifications give you a way to differentiate yourself in a job market that's
hungry for your skills. We've taken a new, innovative approach to open source certification that
allows you to showcase your skills in a way that other peers will respect and employers will
trust:

● You can take your certification from any computer, anywhere, at any time
● The certification exams are performance-based
● The exams are distribution-flexible
● The exams are up-to-date, testing knowledge and skills that actually matter in today’s IT
environment.

The Linux Foundation and its collaborative projects currently offer the following certifications:

● Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator​ (LFCS)

● Linux Foundation Certified Engineer​ (LFCE)
● Certified Kubernetes Administrator​ (CKA)
● Certified Kubernetes Application Developer​ (CKAD)
● Cloud Foundry Certified Developer​ (CFCD)
● Certified Hyperledger Fabric Administrator​ (CHFA)
● Certified Hyperledger Sawtooth Administrator​ (CHSA)

Open Source Guides for the Enterprise

The Linux Foundation in partnership with the TODO Group developed a set of guides leveraging
best practices for:

● Running an open source program office, or

● Managing an open source project in your organization.

To learn more, you can visit the following webpage: “​Open Source Guides for the Enterprise”​ .

Copyright
This course is licensed under a ​Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License​.

Copyright 2019, The Linux Foundation.

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