Question Bank

Subject: Environment & Ecology

UNIT – I: Environment & Ecology

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. Define environment. (Dec 2010)

2. Explain either pond or grassland ecosystem. (Dec 2010)
3. Write a note on causes of environment degradation. (Dec 2010)
4. Write short notes on any two of the following: (Dec 2010)
(a) Hydrosphere (b) Characteristics of ecosystem (c) Food – Web
5. Define ecosystem. (Dec 2009)
6. State various types of ecosystem. Explain ecological characteristics of pond ecosystem with diagram. (Dec
2009)
7. What is environmental degradation? Describe briefly the social causes of environmental degradation.
(Dec 2009)
8. Explain in brief the environmental impact assessment on the following points: (a)Definition (b)
Objectives (c) Goods (d) Methodology of EIA (Dec 2009)
9. Who coined the term Ecosystem? (May 2010)
10. What is ecological pyramid? Describe different kinds of Ecological pyramids. (May 2010)
11. Write short notes on (any two):
(a) Environmental degradation (b) Oxygen cycle (c) Nutrient cycling (d) Nitrogen Cycle (May
2010)
12. What is EIA? What are the major steps taken in EIA? What are the advantages of conducting EIA of a
project? (May 2010)
13. What is main objective of EIA? (may 2009)
14. Draw the various ecological pyramid of forest ecosystem. (may 2009)
15. Compare grassland and pond ecosystem on the basis of abiotic component, producers, consumers and
decomposers. (may 2009)
16. Explain various energy flow model with diagram relating with the laws of thermodynamics and state the
importance of energy flow model in an ecosystem. (may 2009)
17. Describe the cycling of nitrogen in ecosystem and state its role in environmental pollution. (may 2009)
18. Define biome and give two examples. (may 2008)
19. Explain and discuss the different types of ecological pyramids. (may 2008)
20. Describe briefly the impact of environment upon human beings and impact of human beings on
environment. (may 2008)
21. What is an ecosystem? Discuss pond as an ecosystem. (may 2008)
22. Name the different segments of Environment. (May 2006)
23. Name the different factors, which are responsible for degradation of environment. (May 2006)
24. What are non-conventional energy sources and their types? (may 2006)
25. Explain Food Chain. (May 2009)
26. Explain Food Web. (May 2009)
27. Define Biome. (dec 2008)
 28. Give examples of Tropic level I, II, III, IV in the transfer of food energy. (May 2009)
29. Define Ecosystem. Explain the components of Ecosystem. (Dec 2007)
30. Explain ecology and ecosystem? Give a brief account of different components of Ecosystem. (May 2008)

UNIT – II: AIR POLLUTION

2 mark questions:

1. Write the effect of CO (carbon mono-oxide) upon hemoglobin? (April/May 2010)

2. What is acid rain? Write reaction. (Nov/Dec 2009)
3. Differentiate between mist and fog?(2008; April/May 2009)
4. Write the name of green house gases? (2009)
5. Write the name of primary air pollutants?
6. Write the name of secondary air pollutants?
7. Name the pollutant by which marble leprosy is caused?
8. What is lapse late?
9. What is temperature inversion?
10. Write the various chemical reactions involved in acid rain formation? (2005; April/May 2009)
11. What is air pollution? (Dec/Jan 2008- 09)
12. Define primary pollutants and name them. (Dec/Jan 2008- 09)
13. Name two groups of hydrocarbons which are found to be harmful with respect to air
pollution. (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
14. What is high volume sampler? (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
15. What is ‘Mist’ and what is ‘Fog’? (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
16. Name two green house gases. (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
17. What is global warming? (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)

7 mark questions:

1. Explain atmospheric structure on the basis of (a) Temperature (b) Physical & Chemical
property. (2006)
2. Explain structure of atmosphere with the help of neat diagram. (May/June 2007)
 3. Name the different major regions of the atmosphere; give their characteristics and explain
the negative lapse rate occurring in some of the regions of the atmosphere. (Nov/Dec 2008)
4. Give diagram of structure of atmosphere along with temperature profile of atmospheric and
related phenomenon. (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
5. Describe the characteristics of major atmospheric regions giving a diagram of profile of
temperature and pressure of the regions. (Nov/Dec 2009)
6. Explain the concept of air pollution? What are the major sources of air pollution?
7. Write a note on primary pollutants? What are primary air pollutant discuss their source and
relative contribution to air pollution. (2005)
8. What are the sources of CO? How can this type of pollution be controlled?
9. What are the sources of carbon-monoxide and sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere? Mention
their effects on man and his environment. How are they controlled? (Nov./Dec. 2008)
10. What are the source, harmful effects & control of hydrocarbon?
11. What are the various types of particulates on the environment?
12. What are secondary pollutants? What are its sources & effect?(2009)
13. What are green house gases? What is a green house effect? Explain cause and effect of global
warming? (2008, April/May 2010)
14. What are the source, harmful effects & control of NOx? (2009)
15. What are the source, effect & control of SOx?(2009)

UNIT – III: WATER POLLUTION

Short Answer questions

1. Which metal pollution cause black food disease? (April – May 2010)
2. What is meant by hydrosphere? (2006)
3. Give four sources of water pollution? (Dec Jan 2008; Nov. Dec. – 2009)
4. Give at least two advantages of COD over BOD. (Dec. Jan 2008 – 09)
5. Name four micro organisms involved in the tricking filter of west water treatment
plant? (2010, April – may 2009)
6. State difference between cultural & natural Eutrophication? (2010)
7. In the determination of B.O.D. the water sample under test is normally kept in
cubature for
(a) 5 hours at 20 ˚C
(b) 5 days at 20˚C
(c) 50 hours at 20˚C
 (d) 5 days at 50˚C

8. What is water pollution? (Dec – Jan 2008 – 09)

Long Answer questions

1. What do you mean by Eutrophication? Write its type, control and effects in
brief. (May – June 2007; Nov. – Dec. 2008; Nov. Dec. 2009; April May 2010)
2. Write as essay on pollutants of water. (May – June 2007)
3. Describe “Anaerobic digestion process” of waste water treatment. Give the
advantages and limitations of this process. (Nov. – Dec. 2008)
4. Write its control measure & effect? (2009)
5. Explain the differentiation between organic & inorganic water pollutants.
6. What is the different between the aerobic & an aerobic treatment process?
7. Describe the activated sludge process state the advantages & disadvantages
of this process.(2008)
8. write sort note on : (2006.08)
(a) COD (b) Anaerobic treatment process (c) Eutrophication
9. Define primary, secondary & tertiary treatment process of waste water?
10. What is secondary waste water treatment? Explain the working of tricking
filter with diagram? (2009; April May 2010)
11. Write Short notes on :-
(a) Water pollution (b) chemical oxygen demand (c) oxidation pond
12. Explain briefly aerobic & an aerobic treatment of waste water?
(2007, Nov. Dec. 2009)
13. What is aerobic decomposition? (Dec. Jan. 2008 – 09)
14. What is C.O.D.? How COD is measured in polluted water? State the
significance & limitation of C.O.D.? (Nov. Dec. 2009; 2008)
15. State the difference between cultural Eutrophication and natural
Eutrophication. (april –May 2009)
16. Draw a schematic diagram of waste water treatment plant and discuss. The
steps involved in primary treatment with suitable diagram. (April – may 2009)
17. Describe primary treatment of waste water, what are its advantages?
(Nov. dec. 2009)
18. Explain the method of determination of dissolved oxygen in water sample
giving suitable reaction? Write the importance of D.O., B.O.D., & C.O.D.
(April _ May 2009)
19. Short note on: (2010)
(a) Sedimentation (b) Types of water pollution (c) D. O.
 20. Write the different types of water pollutants?
21. What is aerobic treatment process? (2010)
22. What is anaerobic treatment process?
23. Write the harmful effects of domestic and industrial waste water?
24. Explain with differentiation between organic and inorganic water pollutants?
(2005)
25. What are the basic differences between domestic and industrial wastes?
26. write sort note on : (2007)
(a) Coagulation (b) BOD (Dec Jan 2008 - 2009) (c) Septic tank
27. Write short note on: (2008)
(a) Chemical oxidation (b) Ion exchange
28. Write short note on: (2006)
(a) Sludge digester (b) Activated sludge process (c) Aerated lagoon
29. Write Short notes on: (May – June 2007)
30. (a) Trickling filter (b) Chemical Oxygen Demand (c) Hydrological cycle
31. How are BOD and COD determined in waste water? Give their significance.
(Nov – Dec. 2008)
32. How are water pollutants classified? Discuss in short the sources and effects
of these pollutants. (Nov. Dec. 2008)
33. Classify water pollutants. What is the aim of preliminary or primary treatment
of waste water? (Dec. Jan. 2008 – 09)
34. Write short note on (any two): (April – May 2010)
(a) Chemical Oxygen Demand (b) Tertiary treatment of water
(c) Water Pollutants (d) Oxidation Pond
35. Discuss the sources and effects of the following water pollutants : - (i)
Turbidity (ii) Heat (iii) Synthetic organic compounds (iv)
Metals (v) Nitrate and Phosphate

UNIT – IV: LAND and NOISE POLLUTION

1. Define biotechnology? Discuss the step involve in biotechnology? (May-June 2007)
2. Define bio-fuels? (April/May 2010) State the advantages of bio-fuels? (Nov. Dec.2009)
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of bio-surfactants? (Nov. Dec.2009) (April/May
2009)
4. Discuss the pollutants librated from paper or leather industry and their biotechnological
remediation? (Nov. Dec.2009)
5. Write note on : (a) Bio-fertilizers (b) Biosensors (c) Biochip (d) Discuss the
role of biotechnology in food and allied industries (Nov – Dec 2008) (Nov. Dec.2009)
6. What is biotechnology? Explain with examples how biological process plays an important
role in environmental protection? (Give at least 6 points) (Dec/Jan 2008) (Nov. Dec.2009)
(April/May 2010)
7. Short note on: (a) bio-fertilizers (b) bioreactor (c) biochips (d) Bio-sensors
(Dec-Jan 2008-09) (April/May 2010)
8. Discuss the environmental problem related to west disposal by tannery industries and
paper industries? (April/May 2010)
9. What do you understand by the term energy crop? (April/May 2009)
10. Write two main application of biotechnology in food and beverages? (April/May 2009)
11. Discuss the role of any four of bio-fertilizers which is précised in modern days? (April/May
2009)
12. Discuss the pollutant librated from the following industries and their biotechnological
remediation: (a) Paper industries (b) Leather (C) Pesticide industry (April-May 2009)
13. Write an informative notes on any two : (a) biosensor (b) Biochip (c) Pesticide
industries (April/May 2009)
14. What is fermentation? How can we obtain ethanol from starch? (May-June 2007)
15. What is biotechnology and why is it called multidisciplinary in nature?
16. Write sort note on: (a) Bio-sensor (b) Bio-surfactant ( c) Bio-fuels (May-June 2007)
17. How biotechnology is helpful in pollution prevention in: (a) Tannery industries (b) Pulp and
paper industries
18. Write a note on Mycorrhiza. (Dec-Jan 2008-09)
19. How biotechnology is useful in pollution prevention in (a) Pesticide industries (b) Food
and allied industries
20. Write sort notes on bio-chip and bio-fuels?
21. Define biotechnology? What is the current status of biotechnology in environmental
protection? (Nov-Dec 2008, May-08 , Dec-Jan 2008-09)
22. Narrate the role of biotechnology in food industry?
23. Write down short on bio-fuels and biosensor? (2005)
24. Give a short description of biochips & bio surfactants. (2006-07)
25. Discuss the role of biotechnology in environment management with suitable examples.
26. Write short notes on: (a) bioreactor (b) types of biosensor (c) Bio-reactor (Dec-Jan
2008-09)
27. What are bio-control agents? Discuss the application using suitable examples.
28. Define bio-fuels? List of various bio-fuels their sources and the status of their exploitation.
29. Write sort note on :- (a) biochip (b) bio-fertilizer (Nov-Dec 2006)
30. Discuss the role of micro organism and enzymes in food and allied industries?
31. Discuss the role of biotechnology in food and allied industries? (Nov-Dec 2006)
32. Enlist some of the potential advantages and potential applications of bio- computer
(biochip)? (May-June 2007)
33. What are the desirable and non –desirable characteristics of a bio-fuel? (Dec-Jan 2008-09)
34. Draw schematic labeled diagram of a biosensor? (Dec-Jan 2008-09)
35. In the light of use of biotechnology, how it has been used in paper and pulp industry. (Dec-
Jan 2008-09)

UNIT – V: Environmental Biotechnology

Question Bank:
36. Define biotechnology? Discuss the step involve in biotechnology? (May-June 2007)
37. Define bio-fuels? (April/May 2010) State the advantages of bio-fuels? (Nov. Dec.2009)
38. What are the advantages and disadvantages of bio-surfactants? (Nov. Dec.2009) (April/May
2009)
39. Discuss the pollutants librated from paper or leather industry and their biotechnological
remediation? (Nov. Dec.2009)
40. Write note on : (a) Bio-fertilizers (b) Biosensors (c) Biochip (d) Discuss the
role of biotechnology in food and allied industries (Nov – Dec 2008) (Nov. Dec.2009)
41. What is biotechnology? Explain with examples how biological process plays an important
role in environmental protection? (Give at least 6 points) (Dec/Jan 2008) (Nov. Dec.2009)
(April/May 2010)
42. Short note on: (a) bio-fertilizers (b) bioreactor (c) biochips (d) Bio-sensors
(Dec-Jan 2008-09) (April/May 2010)
43. Discuss the environmental problem related to west disposal by tannery industries and
paper industries? (April/May 2010)
44. What do you understand by the term energy crop? (April/May 2009)
45. Write two main application of biotechnology in food and beverages? (April/May 2009)
46. Discuss the role of any four of bio-fertilizers which is précised in modern days? (April/May
2009)
47. Discuss the pollutant librated from the following industries and their biotechnological
remediation: (a) Paper industries (b) Leather (C) Pesticide industry (April-May 2009)
48. Write an informative notes on any two : (a) biosensor (b) Biochip (c) Pesticide
industries (April/May 2009)
49. What is fermentation? How can we obtain ethanol from starch? (May-June 2007)
50. What is biotechnology and why is it called multidisciplinary in nature?
51. Write sort note on: (a) Bio-sensor (b) Bio-surfactant ( c) Bio-fuels (May-June 2007)
52. How biotechnology is helpful in pollution prevention in: (a) Tannery industries (b) Pulp and
paper industries
53. Write a note on Mycorrhiza. (Dec-Jan 2008-09)
54. How biotechnology is useful in pollution prevention in (a) Pesticide industries (b) Food
and allied industries
55. Write sort notes on bio-chip and bio-fuels?
56. Define biotechnology? What is the current status of biotechnology in environmental
protection? (Nov-Dec 2008, May-08 , Dec-Jan 2008-09)
57. Narrate the role of biotechnology in food industry?
58. Write down short on bio-fuels and biosensor? (2005)
59. Give a short description of biochips & bio surfactants. (2006-07)
60. Discuss the role of biotechnology in environment management with suitable examples.
61. Write short notes on: (a) bioreactor (b) types of biosensor (c) Bio-reactor (Dec-Jan
2008-09)
62. What are bio-control agents? Discuss the application using suitable examples.
63. Define bio-fuels? List of various bio-fuels their sources and the status of their exploitation.
64. Write sort note on :- (a) biochip (b) bio-fertilizer (Nov-Dec 2006)
65. Discuss the role of micro organism and enzymes in food and allied industries?
66. Discuss the role of biotechnology in food and allied industries? (Nov-Dec 2006)
67. Enlist some of the potential advantages and potential applications of bio- computer
(biochip)? (May-June 2007)
68. What are the desirable and non –desirable characteristics of a bio-fuel? (Dec-Jan 2008-09)
69. Draw schematic labeled diagram of a biosensor? (Dec-Jan 2008-09)
70. In the light of use of biotechnology, how it has been used in paper and pulp industry. (Dec-
Jan 2008-09)