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CHAPTER 22

STEEL

SECTION 2201 SECTION 2204

GENERAL CONNECTIONS
2201.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter govern the qual- 2204.1 Welding. The details of design, workmanship and tech-
ity, design, fabrication and erection of steel used structurally in nique for welding, inspection of welding and qualification of
buildings or structures. welding operators shall conform to the requirements of the
specifications listed in Sections 2205, 2206, 2207, 2209 and
2210. Special inspection of welding shall be provided where
SECTION 2202 required by Section 1704.
DEFINITIONS 2204.2 Bolting. The design, installation and inspection of bolts
2202.1 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for shall be in accordance with the requirements of the specifica-
the purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, tions listed in Sections 2205, 2206, 2209 and 2210. Special
have the meaning shown herein. inspection of the installation of high-strength bolts shall be pro-
vided where required by Section 1704.
STEEL CONSTRUCTION, COLD-FORMED. That type
of construction made up entirely or in part of steel structural 2204.2.1 Anchor rods. Anchor rods shall be set accurately
members cold formed to shape from sheet or strip steel such as to the pattern and dimensions called for on the plans. The
roof deck, floor and wall panels, studs, floor joists, roof joists protrusion of the threaded ends through the connected mate-
and other structural elements. rial shall be sufficient to fully engage the threads of the nuts,
but shall not be greater than the length of the threads on the
STEEL JOIST. Any steel structural member of a building or bolts.
structure made of hot-rolled or cold-formed solid or open-web
sections, or riveted or welded bars, strip or sheet steel mem-
bers, or slotted and expanded, or otherwise deformed rolled SECTION 2205
sections. STRUCTURAL STEEL
STEEL MEMBER, STRUCTURAL. Any steel structural 2205.1 General. The design, fabrication and erection of struc-
member of a building or structure consisting of a rolled steel struc- tural steel for buildings and structures shall be in accordance
tural shape other than cold-formed steel, or steel joist members. with AISC 360. Where required, the seismic design of steel
structures shall be in accordance with the additional provisions
of Section 2205.2.
SECTION 2203
2205.2 Seismic requirements for steel structures. The
IDENTIFICATION AND PROTECTION
design of structural steel structures to resist seismic forces shall
OF STEEL FOR STRUCTURAL PURPOSES
be in accordance with the provisions of Section 2205.2.1 or
2203.1 Identification. Identification of structural steel mem- 2205.2.2 for the appropriate seismic design category.
bers shall comply with the requirements contained in AISC
360. Identification of cold-formed steel members shall comply 2205.2.1 Seismic Design Category A, B or C. Structural
with the requirements contained in AISI S100. Identification of steel structures assigned to Seismic Design Category A, B or
cold-formed steel light-frame construction shall also comply C shall be of any construction permitted in Section 2205. An
with the requirements contained in AISI S200. Other steel fur- R factor as set forth in Section 12.2.1 of ASCE 7 for the
nished for structural load-carrying purposes shall be properly appropriate steel system is permitted where the structure is
identified for conformity to the ordered grade in accordance designed and detailed in accordance with the provisions of
with the specified ASTM standard or other specification and AISC 341, Part I. Systems not detailed in accordance with
the provisions of this chapter. Steel that is not readily identifi- the above shall use the R factor in Section 12.2.1 of ASCE 7
able as to grade from marking and test records shall be tested to designated for “structural steel systems not specifically
determine conformity to such standards. detailed for seismic resistance.”

2203.2 Protection. Painting of structural steel members shall 2205.2.2 Seismic Design Category D, E or F. Structural
comply with the requirements contained in AISC 360. Painting steel structures assigned to Seismic Design Category D, E or
of open-web steel joists and joist girders shall comply with the F shall be designed and detailed in accordance with AISC
requirements of SJI CJ-1.0, SJI JG-1.1, SJI K-1.1 and SJI 341, Part I.
LH/DLH-1.1. Individual structural members and assembled 2205.3 Seismic requirements for composite construction.
panels of cold-formed steel construction shall be protected The design, construction and quality of composite steel and
against corrosion in accordance with the requirements con- concrete components that resist seismic forces shall conform to
tained in AISI S100. Protection of cold-formed steel light- the requirements of the AISC 360 and ACI 318. An R factor as
frame construction shall also comply with the requirements set forth in Section 12.2.1 of ASCE 7 for the appropriate com-
contained in AISI S200. posite steel and concrete system is permitted where the struc-

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STEEL

ture is designed and detailed in accordance with the provisions 2206.3 Calculations. The steel joist and joist girder manufac-
of AISC 341, Part II. In Seismic Design Category B or above, turer shall design the steel joists and/or steel joist girders in
the design of such systems shall conform to the requirements of accordance with the current SJI specifications and load tables
AISC 341, Part II. to support the load requirements of Section 2206.2. The regis-
2205.3.1 Seismic Design Categories D, E and F. Compos- tered design professional may require submission of the steel
ite structures are permitted in Seismic Design Categories D , joist and joist girder calculations as prepared by a registered
E and F, subject to the limitations in Section 12.2.1 of ASCE design professional responsible for the product design. If
7, where substantiating evidence is provided to demonstrate requested by the registered design professional, the steel joist
that the proposed system will perform as intended by AISC manufacturer shall submit design calculations with a cover let-
341, Part II. The substantiating evidence shall be subject to ter bearing the seal and signature of the joist manufacturer’s
building official approval. Where composite elements or registered design professional. In addition to standard calcula-
connections are required to sustain inelastic deformations, tions under this seal and signature, submittal of the following
the substantiating evidence shall be based on cyclic testing. shall be included:

1. Non-SJI standard bridging details (e.g. for cantilevered

conditions, net uplift, etc.).
SECTION 2206
STEEL JOISTS 2. Connection details for:
2206.1 General. The design, manufacture and use of open web 2.1. Non-SJI standard connections (e.g. flush-framed
steel joists and joist girders shall be in accordance with one of or framed connections);
the following Steel Joist Institute (SJI) specifications:
2.2. Field splices; and
1. SJI CJ-1.0
2. SJI K-1.1 2.3. Joist headers.
3. SJI LH/DLH-1.1 2206.4 Steel joist drawings. Steel joist placement plans shall
4. SJI JG-1.1 be provided to show the steel joist products as specified on the
construction documents and are to be utilized for field installa-
Where required, the seismic design of buildings shall be in tion in accordance with specific project requirements as stated
accordance with the additional provisions of Section 2205.2 or in Section 2206.2. Steel placement plans shall include, at a
2210.5. minimum, the following:
2206.2 Design. The registered design professional shall indi-
cate on the construction documents the steel joist and/or steel 1. Listing of all applicable loads as stated in Section 2206.2
joist girder designations from the specifications listed in Sec- and used in the design of the steel joists and joist girders
tion 2206.1 and shall indicate the requirements for joist and as specified in the construction documents.
joist girder design, layout, end supports, anchorage, non-SJI 2. Profiles for nonstandard joist and joist girder configura-
standard bridging, bridging termination connections and bear- tions (standard joist and joist girder configurations are as
ing connection design to resist uplift and lateral loads. These indicated in the SJI catalog).
documents shall indicate special requirements as follows:
3. Connection requirements for:
1. Special loads including:
1.1. Concentrated loads; 3.1. Joist supports;

1.2. Nonuniform loads; 3.2. Joist girder supports;

1.3. Net uplift loads; 3.3. Field splices; and
1.4. Axial loads; 3.4. Bridging attachments.
1.5. End moments; and 4. Deflection criteria for live and total loads for non-SJI
1.6. Connection forces. standard joists.
2. Special considerations including: 5. Size, location and connections for all bridging.
2.1. Profiles for nonstandard joist and joist girder 6. Joist headers.
configurations (standard joist and joist girder
configurations are as indicated in the SJI cata- Steel joist placement plans do not require the seal and signa-
log); ture of the joist manufacturer’s registered design professional.
2.2. Oversized or other nonstandard web openings;
and 2206.5 Certification. At completion of manufacture, the steel
joist manufacturer shall submit a certificate of compliance in
2.3. Extended ends. accordance with Section 1704.2.2 stating that work was per-
3. Deflection criteria for live and total loads for non-SJI formed in accordance with approved construction documents
standard joists. and with SJI standard specifications.

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STEEL

SECTION 2207 SECTION 2210

STEEL CABLE STRUCTURES COLD-FORMED STEEL
2207.1 General. The design, fabrication and erection includ- LIGHT-FRAME CONSTRUCTION
ing related connections, and protective coatings of steel cables 2210.1 General. The design and installation of structural
for buildings shall be in accordance with ASCE 19. members and nonstructural members utilized in cold-formed
2207.2 Seismic requirements for steel cable. The design steel light-frame construction where the specified minimum
strength of steel cables shall be determined by the provisions of base steel thickness is between 0.0179 inches (0.455 mm) and
ASCE 19 except as modified by these provisions. 0.1180 inches (2.997 mm) shall be in accordance with AISI
S200 and Sections 2210.2 through 2210.7, as applicable.
1. A load factor of 1.1 shall be applied to the prestress force
included in T3 and T4 as defined in Section 3.12. 2210.2 Header design. Headers, including box and
2. In Section 3.2.1, Item (c) shall be replaced with “1.5 T3” back-to-back headers, and double and single L-headers shall
and Item (d) shall be replaced with “1.5 T4.” be designed in accordance with AISI S212 or AISI S100.
2210.3 Trusses.
SECTION 2208 2210.3.1 Design. Cold-formed steel trusses shall be
STEEL STORAGE RACKS designed in accordance with AISI S214, Sections 2210.3.1
2208.1 Storage racks. The design, testing and utilization of through 2210.3.5 and accepted engineering practice.
industrial steel storage racks made of cold-formed or hot-rolled 2210.3.2 Truss design drawings. The truss design draw-
steel structural members, shall be in accordance with the ings shall conform to the requirements of Section B2.3 of
RMI/ANSI MH 16.1. Where required by ASCE 7, the seismic AISI S214 and shall be provided with the shipment of
design of storage racks shall be in accordance with the provi- trusses delivered to the job site. The truss design drawings
sions of Section 15.5.3 of ASCE 7, except that items (1), (2) shall include the details of permanent individual truss mem-
and (3) of Section 15.5.3 of ASCE 7 do not apply when the rack ber restraint/bracing in accordance with Section B6(a) or
design satisfies RMI/ANSI MH 16.1. B6(c) of AISI S214 where these methods are utilized to pro-
vide restraint/bracing.
SECTION 2209 2210.3.3 Deferred submittals. AISI Section B4.2 shall be
COLD-FORMED STEEL deleted.
2209.1 General. The design of cold-formed carbon and 2210.3.4 Trussses spanning 60 feet or greater. The owner
low-alloy steel structural members shall be in accordance with shall contract with a registered design professional for the
AISI S100. The design of cold-formed stainless-steel struc- design of the temporary installation restraint/bracing and
tural members shall be in accordance with ASCE 8. the permanent individual truss member restraint/bracing for
Cold-formed steel light-frame construction shall also comply trusses with clear spans 60 feet (18 288 mm) or greater. Spe-
with Section 2210. cial inspection of trusses over 60 feet (18 288 mm) in length
2209.2 Steel decks. The design and construction of shall conform to Section 1704.
cold-formed steel decks shall be in accordance with this sec-
2210.3.5 Truss quality assurance. Trusses not part of a
tion.
manufacturing process that provides requirements for qual-
2209.2.1 Composite slabs on steel decks. Composite slabs ity control done under the supervision of a third-party qual-
of concrete and steel deck shall be designed and constructed ity control agency, shall be manufactured in compliance
in accordance with ASCE 3. with Sections 1704.2 and 1704.3, as applicable.
2209.2.2 Noncomposite steel floor decks. Noncomposite 2210.4 Wall stud design. Wall studs shall be designed in
steel floor decks shall be permitted to be designed and con- accordance with either AISI S211 or AISI S100.
structed in accordance with ANSI/SDI-NC1.0, as modified
in Section 2209.2.2.1. 2210.5 Floor and roof system design. Framing for floor and
roof systems in buildings shall be designed in accordance with
2209.9.2.2.1 ANSI/SDI-NC1.0 Section 2.4B1. Replace
either AISI S210 or AISI S100.
Section 2.4B1 of ANSI/SDI-NC1.0 with the following:
1. General: The design of the concrete slabs shall be 2210.6 Lateral design. Light-frame shear walls, diagonal
done in accordance with the ACI Building Code strap bracing that is part of a structural wall and diaphragms
Requirements for Reinforced Concrete. The mini- used to resist wind, seismic and other in-plane lateral loads
mum concrete thickness above the top of the deck shall be designed in accordance with AISI S213.
shall be 11/2 inches (38 mm). 2210.7 Prescriptive framing. Detached one- and two-family
2209.2.3 Steel roof deck. Steel roof decks shall be permit- dwellings and townhouses, less than or equal to three stories
ted to be designed and constructed in accordance with above grade plane, shall be permitted to be constructed in
ANSI/SBI-RD1.0. accordance with AISI S230 subject to the limitations therein.

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